撒母耳记上 1:3

Chinese NCV (Simplified)

這人每年都從他的本城上示羅去敬拜，獻祭給萬軍之耶和華。在示羅有以利的兩個兒子，何弗尼和非尼哈，作耶和華的祭司。

Parallel Translations

Chinese Union (Simplified)
这 人 每 年 从 本 城 上 到 示 罗 ， 敬 拜 祭 祀 万 军 之 耶 和 华 ； 在 那 里 有 以 利 的 两 个 儿 子 何 弗 尼 、 非 尼 哈 当 耶 和 华 的 祭 司 。

Contextual Overview

¹ There was a man named Elkanah son of Jeroham from Ramathaim in the mountains of Ephraim. Elkanah was from the family of Zuph. (Jeroham was Elihu's son. Elihu was Tohu's son, and Tohu was the son of Zuph from the family group of Ephraim.) ² Elkanah had two wives named Hannah and Peninnah. Peninnah had children, but Hannah had none. ³ Every year Elkanah left his town of Ramah and went up to Shiloh to worship the Lord All-Powerful and to offer sacrifices to him. Shiloh was where Hophni and Phinehas, the sons of Eli, served as priests of the Lord . ⁴ When Elkanah offered sacrifices, he always gave a share of the meat to his wife Peninnah and to her sons and daughters. ⁵ But Elkanah always gave a special share of the meat to Hannah, because he loved Hannah and because the Lord had kept her from having children. ⁶ Peninnah would tease Hannah and upset her, because the Lord had made her unable to have children. ⁷ This happened every year when they went up to the house of the Lord at Shiloh. Peninnah would upset Hannah until Hannah would cry and not eat anything. ⁸ Her husband Elkanah would say to her, "Hannah, why are you crying and why won't you eat? Why are you sad? Don't I mean more to you than ten sons?"

Bible Verse Review
  from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge

yearly: Heb. from year to year, Exodus 23:14, Exodus 23:17, Exodus 34:23, Deuteronomy 16:16, Luke 2:41

to worship: Deuteronomy 12:5-7, Deuteronomy 12:11-14

Shiloh: 1 Samuel 1:9, Joshua 18:1, Judges 18:31, Psalms 78:60, Jeremiah 7:12-14

And the: 1 Samuel 1:9, 1 Samuel 2:12-17, 1 Samuel 2:34, 1 Samuel 3:13, 1 Samuel 4:4, 1 Samuel 4:11, 1 Samuel 4:17, 1 Samuel 4:18

Reciprocal: Joshua 19:51 - in Shiloh Judges 19:18 - the house 1 Samuel 1:21 - General 1 Samuel 2:19 - from year to year

Cross-References

Job 36:30
Watch how God scatters his lightning around him, lighting up the deepest parts of the sea.

Job 38:19
"What is the path to light's home, and where does darkness live?

Psalms 33:6
The sky was made at the Lord 's command. By the breath from his mouth, he made all the stars.

Psalms 33:9
He spoke, and it happened. He commanded, and it appeared.

Psalms 97:11
Light shines on those who do right; joy belongs to those who are honest.

Psalms 104:2
you wear light like a robe. You stretch out the skies like a tent.

Psalms 118:27
The Lord is God, and he has shown kindness to us. With branches in your hands, join the feast. Come to the corners of the altar.

Psalms 148:5
Let them praise the Lord , because they were created by his command.

Isaiah 45:7
I made the light and the darkness. I bring peace, and I cause troubles. I, the Lord , do all these things.

Isaiah 60:19
The sun will no longer be your light during the day nor will the brightness from the moon be your light, because the Lord will be your light forever, and your God will be your glory.

Gill's Notes on the Bible

This man went up out of his city yearly,.... From year to year; or, as the Targum, from the time of the solemn appointed feast to the solemn appointed feast, from one to another; there were three of them in the year, at which all the males in Israel were to appear at the tabernacle; and being a Levite, this man was the more careful to observe this rule. He is said to "go up" out of his city, which was Ramathaim or Ramah; for though it was built on an eminence, from whence it had its name, yet Shiloh, whither he went, was higher; that being, as Adrichomius says a, on the highest mountain of all round about Jerusalem, and the highest of all the mountains of the holy land. So that as he first went down the hill from Ramah, he went up an high ascent to Shiloh, which is the place he went up to as follows:

to worship and to sacrifice unto the Lord of hosts in Shiloh; where the tabernacle was, the place of worship, and the altar of burnt offerings, on which sacrifices were offered. This place, according to Bunting b, was twelve miles from Ramah, though others say it was not more than seven miles from it; hither he went to worship, or bow before the Lord; to pray unto him, as it is commonly interpreted; and being put before sacrifice, is said to be preferable to that, and more acceptable to God, and more eligible to be done in the tabernacle or temple than at home; see Luke 18:10 and though he is said to go up to sacrifice, it is not to be understood of his performing it himself, but by others, by the priest; for he himself was a Levite and could not offer sacrifices. This is the first time that mention is made of this title of Jehovah, Lord of hosts, of all the hosts and armies in heaven and in earth, the Lord of Sabaoth, as in James 5:4 from צבא, an "host", or army; and from hence the Heathens called some of their deities by the name of Sabazius, as Jupiter Sabazius c; and the Phrygians and Thracians used to call Bacchus Sabazius, and other Grecians following them did the same d:

and the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas the priests of the Lord, were there; Eli was the next judge of Israel after Samson, and who also was the high priest, as is generally supposed; but when and how the high priesthood came into his family is nowhere said, who was a descendant of Ithamar, the younger son of Aaron, in whose line it continued to the time of Solomon; and Josephus e places three between Phinehas and Eli, who were all of the line of Eleazar, whom he calls Abiezer, Bouci, and Ozis; but their Scripture names are Abishua, Bukki, and Uzzi, 1 Chronicles 6:50. And according to him, after Uzzi came Eli to be high priest, and therefore must be the first of the line of Ithamar that was in that office. His two sons are mentioned as officiating as priests in Shiloh, at the time Elkanah used to go yearly thither to worship and sacrifice; who were very wicked men, as appears by an after account of them; and it is generally thought that this is observed here, to show that the wickedness of these priests did not hinder this good man from doing his duty; nor did he make use of it as an excuse for not attending the worship of the sanctuary.

a Theatrum Terrae Sanct. p. 30. So Sandys's Travels, l. 3. p. 157. b Travels of the Patriarchs, &c. p. 122. c Valer. Maxim. l. 1. c. 3. Vid. D. Herbert de Cherbury de Relig. Gent. c. 3. p. 22. d Diodor. Sicul. Bibliothec. l. 3. p. 212. Harpocration in voce

σαβοι, Lucian. Concil. deor. sect. 4. Cicero de legibus. l. 2. Aristophan vespae, v. 9, 10. Aves, 582. & Scholia in ib. Lysistrate, p. 860. & Scholia in ib. e Antiqu. l. 5. c. 11. sect. 5.

Barnes' Notes on the Bible

It is likely that during the unsettled times of the Judges Judges 21:25 the attendance of Israelites at the three Festivals Exodus 34:23; Deuteronomy 16:16 fell into desuetude or great irregularity, and this one feast (see the marginal reference), which may have coincided with the Feast of Pentecost or tabernacles, may have been substituted for them.

The Lord of Hosts - This title of Yahweh which, with some variations, is found upward of 260 times in the Old Testament, occurs here for the first time. The meaning of the word “hosts” is doubtless the same as that of “army” Daniel 4:35 and includes all the myriads of holy Angels who people the celestial spheres 1 Kings 22:19. It is probably with reference to the idolatrous worship of the Host of heaven that the title the “Lord of Hosts” was given to the true God, as asserting His universal supremacy (see Nehemiah 9:6). In the New Testament the phrase only occurs once James 5:4.

And the two sons ... - It should be, “and there the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, were priests to the Lord,” i. e. performed the functions of priests, in the old age of Eli 1 Samuel 4:18, who is represented 1 Samuel 1:9 as sitting on a seat in the temple. The reading of the Greek Version “Eli was there, and his two sons, Hophni and Phinehas, priests of the Lord,” is quite unnecessary, and indeed destroys the sense. The information here given concerning the sons of Eli is followed up in 1 Samuel 2:12 ff.

Clarke's Notes on the Bible

Verse 1 Samuel 1:3. Went up out of his city yearly to worship — As the ark was at Shiloh, there was the temple of God, and thither all the males were bound by the law to go once a year, on each of the great national festivals: viz., the passover, pentecost, and feast of tabernacles.

The Lord of hosts — יהוה צבאות Yehovah tsebaoth, Jehovah of armies. As all the heavenly bodies were called the hosts of heaven, צבא השמים tseba hashshamayim, Jehovah being called Lord of this host showed that he was their Maker and Governor; and consequently He, not they, was the proper object of religious worship. The sun, moon, planets, and stars, were the highest objects of religious worship to the heathens in general. The Jewish religion, teaching the knowledge of a Being who was the Lord of all these, showed at once its superiority to all that heathenism could boast. This is the first place where Lord of hosts is mentioned in the Bible; and this is so much in the style of the prophets Isaiah, Jeremiah, &c., that it gives some weight to the supposition that this book was written by a person who lived in or after the times of these prophets. See the preface.