士师记 19:1

Chinese NCV (Simplified)

利未人和他的妾在以色列中沒有王的日子，有一個利未人寄居在以法蓮山地的偏遠地區；他從猶大的伯利恆給自己娶了一個女子作妾。

Parallel Translations

Chinese Union (Simplified)
当 以 色 列 中 没 有 王 的 时 候 ， 有 住 以 法 莲 山 地 那 边 的 一 个 利 未 人 ， 娶 了 一 个 犹 大 伯 利 恒 的 女 子 为 妾 。

Contextual Overview

¹ At that time Israel did not have a king. There was a Levite who lived in the faraway mountains of Ephraim. He had taken a slave woman from the city of Bethlehem in the land of Judah to live with him, ² but she was unfaithful to him. She left him and went back to her father's house in Bethlehem in Judah and stayed there for four months. ³ Then her husband went to ask her to come back to him, taking with him his servant and two donkeys. When the Levite came to her father's house, she invited him to come in, and her father was happy to see him. ⁴ The father-in-law, the young woman's father, asked him to stay. So he stayed for three days and ate, drank, and slept there. ⁵ On the fourth day they got up early in the morning. The Levite was getting ready to leave, but the woman's father said to his son-in-law, "Refresh yourself by eating something. Then go." ⁶ So the two men sat down to eat and drink together. After that, the father said to him, "Please stay tonight. Relax and enjoy yourself." ⁷ When the man got up to go, his father-in-law asked him to stay. So he stayed again that night. ⁸ On the fifth day the man got up early in the morning to leave. The woman's father said, "Refresh yourself. Wait until this afternoon." So the two men ate together. ⁹ When the Levite, his slave woman, and his servant got up to leave, the father-in-law, the young woman's father, said, "It's almost night. The day is almost gone. Spend the night here and enjoy yourself. Tomorrow morning you can get up early and go home." ¹⁰ But the Levite did not want to stay another night. So he took his two saddled donkeys and his slave woman and traveled toward the city of Jebus (also called Jerusalem).

Bible Verse Review
  from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge

when there: Judges 17:6, Judges 18:1, Judges 21:25

mount: Judges 17:1, Judges 17:8, Joshua 24:30, Joshua 24:33

a concubine: Heb. a woman or, a wife. Genesis 22:24, Genesis 25:6, 2 Samuel 3:7, 2 Samuel 5:13, 2 Samuel 16:22, 2 Samuel 19:5, 2 Samuel 20:3, 1 Kings 11:3, 2 Chronicles 11:21, Esther 2:14, Song of Solomon 6:8, Song of Solomon 6:9, Daniel 5:3, Malachi 2:15, Beth-lehem-judah, Judges 17:8, Genesis 35:19, Matthew 2:6

Reciprocal: Genesis 16:3 - his Judges 3:27 - mountain Judges 17:7 - General Judges 18:2 - mount Judges 18:13 - mount Ephraim Ruth 1:1 - a famine 1 Samuel 1:1 - mount 1 Samuel 9:4 - mount 1 Kings 4:8 - The son of Hur 2 Chronicles 19:4 - mount

Cross-References

Genesis 18:22
So the men turned and went toward Sodom, but Abraham stood there before the Lord .

Genesis 19:1
The two angels came to Sodom in the evening as Lot was sitting near the city gate. When he saw them, he got up and went to them and bowed facedown on the ground.

Genesis 19:5
They called to Lot, "Where are the two men who came to you tonight? Bring them out to us so we can have sexual relations with them."

Job 31:32
No stranger ever had to spend the night in the street, because I always let travelers stay in my home.

Hebrews 13:2
Remember to welcome strangers, because some who have done this have welcomed angels without knowing it.

Gill's Notes on the Bible

And it came to pass in those days, when there was no king in Israel,.... The same is observed in Judges 17:6 and refers to the same times, the times before the judges, between them and the death of Joshua, during which time there was no supreme magistrate or ruler in Israel, which is meant; and this is observed, as before, to account for wickedness being committed with impunity, such as adultery, sodomy, murder, c. afterwards related:

that there was a certain Levite sojourning on the side of Mount Ephraim in a city that was on one side of that mountain; it seems not to have been a Levitical city, because he was only a sojourner in it; perhaps he chose to reside there, as being near to the tabernacle of Shiloh, which was in that tribe;

who took to him a concubine out of Bethlehemjudah; the same place from whence the wicked Levite came, spoken of in the preceding chapters, and who was the means of spreading idolatry in Israel; and here a wicked concubine of a Levite comes from the same, and was the cause of great effusion of blood in Israel; which two instances may seem to reflect dishonour and disgrace on Bethlehem, which were wiped off by the birth of some eminent persons in it, as Boaz, Jesse, David, and especially the Messiah. The woman the Levite took from hence is in the Hebrew called, "a wife, a concubine" h; for a concubine was a secondary wife, taken without espousals and a dowry: some think they were espoused, though there was no dowry, and were reckoned truly wives, though they had not all the honour and privilege as others; and that this woman was accounted the wife of the Levite, appears from his being called her husband frequently; and her father is said to be his father-in-law, and he his son-in-law; nor could she have been chargeable with adultery otherwise.

h So Pagninus, Tigurine version, Drusius.

Barnes' Notes on the Bible

A concubine - See the margin. The name does not imply any moral reproach. A concubine was as much the man’s wife as the woman so called, though she had not the same rights. See Judges 19:3-4.

Clarke's Notes on the Bible

CHAPTER XIX

A Levite and his concubine disagree; and she leaves him and

goes to her father's house, 1, 2.

He follows to bring her back, and is kindly entertained by her

father five days, 3-8.

He returns; and lodges the first night at Gibeah, in the tribe

of Benjamin, 9-21.

The men of Gibeah attack the house, and insist on abusing the

body of the Levite; who, to save himself, delivers to them his

concubine, whose life falls a victim to their brutality, 22-27.

The Levite divides her dead body into twelve pieces, and sends

one to each of the twelve tribes; they are struck with horror,

and call a council on the subject, 28-30.

NOTES ON CHAP. XIX

Verse Judges 19:1. There was no king in Israel — All sorts of disorders are attributed to the want of civil government; justice, right, truth, and humanity, had fallen in the streets.

Took to him a concubine — We have already seen that the concubine was a sort of secondary wife; and that such connections were not disreputable, being according to the general custom of those times. The word פילגש pilegesh, concubine, is supposed by Mr. Parkhurst to be compounded of פלג palag, "to divide, or share;" and נגש nagash, "to approach;" because the husband shared or divided his attention and affections between her and the real wife; from whom she differed in nothing material, except in her posterity not inheriting.