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Wednesday, July 16th, 2025
the Week of Proper 10 / Ordinary 15
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Read the Bible

Geneva Bible

Ezekiel 4:12

And thou shalt eate it as barley cakes, and thou shalt bake it in the dongue that commeth out of man, in their sight.

Bible Study Resources

Concordances:

- Nave's Topical Bible - Bread;   Instruction;   Prayer;   Symbols and Similitudes;   Torrey's Topical Textbook - Prophets;  

Dictionaries:

- American Tract Society Bible Dictionary - Dung;   Easton Bible Dictionary - Fuel;   Fausset Bible Dictionary - Agriculture;   Barley;   Dung;   Holman Bible Dictionary - Barley;   Beyond the River;   Dung;   Ezekiel;   Fuel;   Gestures;   Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible - Fuel;   People's Dictionary of the Bible - Dung;   Watson's Biblical & Theological Dictionary - Bread;  

Encyclopedias:

- International Standard Bible Encyclopedia - Barley;   Dung;   Fuel;   Kitto Biblical Cyclopedia - Bread;   The Jewish Encyclopedia - Food;   Fuel;  

Parallel Translations

Christian Standard Bible®
You will eat it as you would a barley cake and bake it over dried human excrement in their sight.”
Hebrew Names Version
You shall eat it as barley cakes, and you shall bake it in their sight with dung that comes out of man.
King James Version
And thou shalt eat it as barley cakes, and thou shalt bake it with dung that cometh out of man, in their sight.
English Standard Version
And you shall eat it as a barley cake, baking it in their sight on human dung."
New American Standard Bible
"You shall eat it as a barley cake, having baked it in their sight over human dung."
New Century Version
Eat your food as you would eat a barley cake, baking it over human dung where the people can see."
Amplified Bible
"You shall eat your food as barley cakes, having baked it in their sight over human dung."
World English Bible
You shall eat it as barley cakes, and you shall bake it in their sight with dung that comes out of man.
New American Standard Bible (1995)
"You shall eat it as a barley cake, having baked it in their sight over human dung."
Legacy Standard Bible
You shall eat it as a barley cake, having baked it in their sight over human dung."
Berean Standard Bible
And you shall eat the food as you would a barley cake, after you bake it over dried human excrement in the sight of the people."
Contemporary English Version
Use dried human waste to start a fire, then bake the bread on the coals where everyone can watch you.
Complete Jewish Bible
[The bread] you eat is to be baked like barley cakes; you are to bake it before their eyes, using human dung as fuel."
Darby Translation
And thou shalt eat it [as] barley-cake, and thou shalt bake it in their sight with dung that cometh out of man.
Easy-to-Read Version
You must make your bread each day. You must get dry human dung and burn it. Then you must cook the bread over this burning dung. You must eat this bread in front of the people."
George Lamsa Translation
And you shall eat it as if you ate barley cakes, having baked it in their sight with the dung that comes out of men.
Good News Translation
You are to build a fire out of dried human excrement, bake bread on the fire, and eat it where everyone can see you."
Lexham English Bible
And as a bread-cake of barley you shall eat it, and with human excrement you shall bake it before their eyes."
Literal Translation
And you shall eat cakes of barley, and you shall bake it with dung of the excrement of man, in their sight.
Miles Coverdale Bible (1535)
Barly cakes shalt thou eate, yet shalt thou first strake the ouer with mas donge, yt they maye se it.
American Standard Version
And thou shalt eat it as barley cakes, and thou shalt bake it in their sight with dung that cometh out of man.
Bible in Basic English
And let your food be barley cakes, cooking it before their eyes with the waste which comes out of a man.
JPS Old Testament (1917)
And thou shalt eat it as barley cakes, and thou shalt bake it in their sight with dung that cometh out of man.'
King James Version (1611)
And thou shalt eate it as barley cakes, & thou shalt bake it with doung that commeth out of man in their sight.
Bishop's Bible (1568)
Barly cakes shalt thou eate, and them shalt thou bake in mans doung before their eyes.
Brenton's Septuagint (LXX)
And thou shalt eat them as a barley cake: thou shalt bake them before their eyes in man’s dung.
English Revised Version
And thou shalt eat it as barley cakes, and thou shalt bake it in their sight with dung that cometh out of man.
Wycliffe Bible (1395)
And thou schalt ete it as barli breed bakun vndur the aischis; and with `a toord that goith out of a man thou schalt hile, it bifore the iyen of hem.
Update Bible Version
And you shall eat it as barley cakes, and you shall bake it in their sight with dung that comes out of man.
Webster's Bible Translation
And thou shalt eat it [as] barley cakes, and thou shalt bake it with human excrement in their sight.
New English Translation
And you must eat the food like you would a barley cake. You must bake it in front of them over a fire made with dried human excrement."
New King James Version
And you shall eat it as barley cakes; and bake it using fuel of human waste in their sight."
New Living Translation
Prepare and eat this food as you would barley cakes. While all the people are watching, bake it over a fire using dried human dung as fuel and then eat the bread."
New Life Bible
Eat your food as you would barley cakes, making it ready in front of their eyes over a fire burning human waste."
New Revised Standard
You shall eat it as a barley-cake, baking it in their sight on human dung.
J.B. Rotherham Emphasized Bible
and as a barley cake, shalt thou eat it, - and the same with dung proceeding from man, shalt thou bake, before their eyes.
Douay-Rheims Bible
And thou shalt eat it as barley bread baked under the ashes: and thou shalt cover it, in their sight, with the dung that cometh out of a man.
Revised Standard Version
And you shall eat it as a barley cake, baking it in their sight on human dung."
Young's Literal Translation
A barley-cake thou dost eat it, and it with dung -- the filth of man -- thou dost bake before their eyes.

Contextual Overview

9 Thou shalt take also vnto thee wheate, and barley, and beanes, and lentiles, and millet, and fitches, and put them in one vessell, and make thee bread thereof according to the nomber of the dayes, that thou shalt sleepe vpon thy side: euen three hundreth and ninetie dayes shalt thou eate thereof. 10 And the meate, whereof thou shalt eate, shalbe by weight, euen twenty shekels a day: and from time to time shalt thou eate thereof. 11 Thou shalt drinke also water by measure, euen the sixt part of an Hin: from time to time shalt thou drinke. 12 And thou shalt eate it as barley cakes, and thou shalt bake it in the dongue that commeth out of man, in their sight. 13 And the Lord said, So shall the children of Israel eate their defiled bread among the Gentiles, whither I will cast them. 14 Then said I, Ah, Lord God, beholde, my soule hath not bene polluted: for from my youth vp, euen vnto this houre, I haue not eaten of a thing dead, or torne in pieces, neither came there any vncleane flesh in my mouth. 15 Then he said vnto me, Loe, I haue giuen thee bullockes dongue for mans dongue, and thou shalt prepare thy bread therewith. 16 Moreouer, he said vnto me, Sonne of man, beholde, I will breake the staffe of bread in Ierusalem, and they shall eate bread by weight, and with care, and they shal drinke water by measure, and with astonishment. 17 Because that bread and water shall faile, they shalbe astonied one with another, and shall consume away for their iniquitie.

Bible Verse Review
  from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge

cakes: a "round" thing, Genesis 18:6

Reciprocal: Ezekiel 21:6 - before

Cross-References

Genesis 4:3
And in processe of time it came to passe, that Kain brought an oblation vnto the Lorde of the fruite of the ground.
Genesis 4:4
And Habel also him selfe brought of the first fruites of his sheepe, and of the fat of them, and the Lorde had respect vnto Habel, and to his offering,
Genesis 4:14
Behold, thou hast cast me out this day fro the earth, and from thy face shall I be hid, and shalbe a vagabond, and a runnagate in the earth, and whosoeuer findeth me, shall slay me.
Genesis 4:17
Kain also knewe his wife, which conceiued and bare Henoch: and he built a citie, and called the name of the citie by ye name of his sonne, Henoch.
Genesis 4:18
And to Henoch was borne Irad, and Irad begate Mehuiael, and Mehuiael begate Methushael, and Methushael begate Lamech.
Genesis 4:23
Then Lamech saide vnto his wiues Adah and Zillah, Heare my voyce, ye wiues of Lamech: hearken vnto my speach: for I would slay a man in my wound, and a yong man in mine hurt.
Genesis 4:24
If Kain shalbe auenged seuen folde, truely Lamech, seuentie times seuen folde.
Leviticus 26:20
And your strength shalbe spent in vaine: neither shall your lande giue her increase, neither shall the trees of the land giue their fruite.
Leviticus 26:36
And vpon them that are left of you, I will send euen a faintnes into their hearts in ye land of their enemies, & the sounde of a leafeshaken shal chase them, and they shall flee as fleeing from a sword, and they shall fall, no man pursuing them.
Psalms 109:10
Let his children be vagabounds & beg and seeke bread, comming out of their places destroyed.

Gill's Notes on the Bible

And thou shalt eat it [as] barley cakes,.... That is, the bread made of wheat, barley, beans, lentiles, millet, and fitches, was to be made in the form of barley cakes, and to be baked as they; not in an oven, but under ashes; and these ashes not of wood, or straw, or turf, but as follows:

and thou shalt bake it with dung that cometh out of men, in their sight: the prophet was to take human dung, and dry it, and then cover the cakes or loaves of his mixed bread with it, and burn it over them, and with it bake it; which must be a very disagreeable task to him, and make the food very nauseous, both to himself and to the Jews, in whose sight it was done; and this shows scarcity of fuel, and the severity of the famine; that they had not fuel to bake with, or could not stay till it was baked in an oven, and therefore took this method; as well as points at what they were to eat when carried captive, as follows:

Barnes' Notes on the Bible

In eastern countries where fuel is scarce the want is supplied by dried cow-dung laid up for the winter. Barley cakes were (and are) baked under hot ashes without an oven. The dung here is to be burned to ashes, and the ashes so employed.

Clarke's Notes on the Bible

Verse Ezekiel 4:12. Thou shalt bake it with dung — Dried ox and cow dung is a common fuel in the east; and with this, for want of wood and coals, they are obliged to prepare their food. Indeed, dried excrement of every kind is gathered. Here, the prophet is to prepare his bread with dry human excrement. And when we know that this did not come in contact with the bread, and was only used to warm the plate, (see Ezekiel 4:3,) on which the bread was laid over the fire, it removes all the horror and much of the disgust. This was required to show the extreme degree of wretchedness to which they should be exposed; for, not being able to leave the city to collect the dried excrements of beasts, the inhabitants during the siege would be obliged, literally, to use dried human ordure for fuel. The very circumstances show that this was the plain fact of the case. However, we find that the prophet was relieved from using this kind of fuel, for cow's dung was substituted at his request. See Ezekiel 4:15.


 
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