Exodus 10:1

New Living Translation

Then the Lord said to Moses, "Return to Pharaoh and make your demands again. I have made him and his officials stubborn so I can display my miraculous signs among them.

Parallel Translations

Hebrew Names Version
The LORD said to Moshe, "Go in to Par`oh, for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I may show these my signs in the midst of them,

King James Version
And the Lord said unto Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh: for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I might shew these my signs before him:

Lexham English Bible
And Yahweh said to Moses, "Go to Pharaoh, for I have made his heart insensitive and the heart of his servants in order to put these signs of mine in his midst,

New Century Version
The Lord said to Moses, "Go to the king of Egypt. I have made him and his officers stubborn so I could show them my powerful miracles.

New English Translation
The Lord said to Moses, "Go to Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart and the heart of his servants, in order to display these signs of mine before him,

Amplified Bible
Then the LORD said to Moses, "Go to Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart and the heart of his servants [making them determined and unresponsive], so that I may exhibit My signs [of divine power] among them,

New American Standard Bible
Then the LORD said to Moses, "Go to Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart and the heart of his servants, so that I may perform these signs of Mine among them,

Geneva Bible (1587)
Againe the Lorde saide vnto Moses, Goe to Pharaoh: for I haue hardened his heart, and the heart of his seruants, that I might worke these my miracles in the middes of his realme,

Legacy Standard Bible
Then Yahweh said to Moses, "Come to Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart and the heart of his servants with firmness, that I may set these signs of Mine among them,

Contemporary English Version
The Lord said to Moses: Go back to the king. I have made him and his officials stubborn, so that I could work these miracles.

Complete Jewish Bible
Adonai said to Moshe, "Go to Pharaoh, for I have made him and his servants hardhearted, so that I can demonstrate these signs of mine among them,

Darby Translation
And Jehovah said to Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh; for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his bondmen, that I might do these my signs in their midst,

Easy-to-Read Version
The Lord said to Moses, "Go to Pharaoh. I have made him and his officials stubborn. I did this so that I could show them my powerful miracles.

English Standard Version
Then the Lord said to Moses, "Go in to Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart and the heart of his servants, that I may show these signs of mine among them,

George Lamsa Translation
AND the LORD said to Moses, Go in to Pharaoh; for I have hardened his heart and the hearts of his servants, that I may perform these signs among them,

Good News Translation
Then the Lord said to Moses, "Go and see the king. I have made him and his officials stubborn, in order that I may perform these miracles among them

Christian Standard Bible®
Then the Lord said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart and the hearts of his officials so that I may do these miraculous signs of mine among them,

Literal Translation
And Jehovah said to Moses, Go in to Pharaoh, for I have made his heart heavy and the heart of his servants, so that I may set these signs of Mine in their midst;

Miles Coverdale Bible (1535)
And the LORDE saide vnto Moses: Go in vnto Pharao, for I haue hardened his hert & the hertes of his seruautes, yt I might do these my tokes amonge the,

American Standard Version
And Jehovah said unto Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh: for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I may show these my signs in the midst of them,

Bible in Basic English
And the Lord said to Moses, Go in to Pharaoh: for I have made his heart and the hearts of his servants hard, so that I may let my signs be seen among them:

Bishop's Bible (1568)
And the Lorde sayde vnto Moyses, go in vnto Pharao: for I haue hardened his heart, & the heart of his seruauntes, that I might shewe these my signes before hym,

JPS Old Testament (1917)
And the LORD said unto Moses: 'Go in unto Pharaoh; for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I might show these My signs in the midst of them;

King James Version (1611)
And the Lord said vnto Moses, Goe in vnto Pharaoh: for I haue hardned his heart, and the heart of his seruants, that I might shew these my signes before him:

Brenton's Septuagint (LXX)
And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, Go in to Pharao: for I have hardened his heart and the heart of his servants, that these signs may come upon them; in order

English Revised Version
And the LORD said unto Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh: for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I might shew these my signs in the midst of them:

Berean Standard Bible
Then the LORD said to Moses, "Go to Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart and the hearts of his officials, that I may perform these miraculous signs of Mine among them,

Wycliffe Bible (1395)
And the Lord seide to Moises, Entre thou to Farao, for Y haue maad hard the herte of hym, and of hise seruauntis, that Y do these signes `of me in hym;

Young's Literal Translation
And Jehovah saith unto Moses, `Go in unto Pharaoh, for I have declared hard his heart, and the heart of his servants, so that I set these My signs in their midst,

Update Bible Version
And Yahweh said to Moses, Go in to Pharaoh: for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his slaves, that I may show these signs of mine in his midst,

Webster's Bible Translation
And the LORD said to Moses, Go in to Pharaoh: for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants; that I might show these my signs before him:

World English Bible
Yahweh said to Moses, "Go in to Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I may show these my signs in the midst of them,

New King James Version
Joel 1:2-4">[xr] Now the LORD said to Moses, "Go in to Pharaoh; for I have hardened his heart and the hearts of his servants, that I may show these signs of Mine before him,

New Life Bible
Then the Lord said to Moses, "Go to Pharaoh. For I have made his heart and the heart of his servants hard, so that I may do My powerful works among them.

New Revised Standard
Then the Lord said to Moses, "Go to Pharaoh; for I have hardened his heart and the heart of his officials, in order that I may show these signs of mine among them,

J.B. Rotherham Emphasized Bible
Then said Yahweh unto Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh, - for, I, have suffered his heart to be dull and the heart of his servants, that I may show these my signs, in their midst;

Douay-Rheims Bible
And the Lord said to Moses: Go in to Pharao; for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants: that I may work these my signs in him,

Revised Standard Version
Then the LORD said to Moses, "Go in to Pharaoh; for I have hardened his heart and the heart of his servants, that I may show these signs of mine among them,

THE MESSAGE
God said to Moses: "Go to Pharaoh. I've made him stubborn, him and his servants, so that I can force him to look at these signs and so you'll be able to tell your children and grandchildren how I toyed with the Egyptians, like a cat with a mouse; you'll tell them the stories of the signs that I brought down on them, so that you'll all know that I am God ."

New American Standard Bible (1995)
Then the LORD said to Moses, "Go to Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart and the heart of his servants, that I may perform these signs of Mine among them,

Contextual Overview

¹ Then the Lord said to Moses, "Return to Pharaoh and make your demands again. I have made him and his officials stubborn so I can display my miraculous signs among them. ² I've also done it so you can tell your children and grandchildren about how I made a mockery of the Egyptians and about the signs I displayed among them—and so you will know that I am the Lord ." ³ So Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh and said, "This is what the Lord , the God of the Hebrews, says: How long will you refuse to submit to me? Let my people go, so they can worship me. ⁴ If you refuse, watch out! For tomorrow I will bring a swarm of locusts on your country. ⁵ They will cover the land so that you won't be able to see the ground. They will devour what little is left of your crops after the hailstorm, including all the trees growing in the fields. ⁶ They will overrun your palaces and the homes of your officials and all the houses in Egypt. Never in the history of Egypt have your ancestors seen a plague like this one!" And with that, Moses turned and left Pharaoh. ⁷ Pharaoh's officials now came to Pharaoh and appealed to him. "How long will you let this man hold us hostage? Let the men go to worship the Lord their God! Don't you realize that Egypt lies in ruins?" ⁸ So Moses and Aaron were brought back to Pharaoh. "All right," he told them, "go and worship the Lord your God. But who exactly will be going with you?" ⁹ Moses replied, "We will all go—young and old, our sons and daughters, and our flocks and herds. We must all join together in celebrating a festival to the Lord ." ¹⁰ Pharaoh retorted, "The Lord will certainly need to be with you if I let you take your little ones! I can see through your evil plan.

Bible Verse Review
  from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge

I have hardened: Exodus 4:21, Exodus 7:13, Exodus 7:14, Exodus 9:27, Exodus 9:34, Exodus 9:35, Psalms 7:11

that I: Exodus 3:20, Exodus 7:4, Exodus 9:16, Exodus 14:17, Exodus 14:18, Exodus 15:14, Exodus 15:15, Joshua 2:9, Joshua 2:10, Joshua 4:23, Joshua 4:24, 1 Samuel 4:8, Romans 9:17

Reciprocal: Exodus 10:27 - General Exodus 11:9 - Pharaoh Exodus 20:2 - brought Psalms 105:25 - He turned Joel 1:3 - General

Cross-References

Genesis 2:4
This is the account of the creation of the heavens and the earth. When the Lord God made the earth and the heavens,

Genesis 5:1
This is the written account of the descendants of Adam. When God created human beings, he made them to be like himself.

Genesis 6:9
This is the account of Noah and his family. Noah was a righteous man, the only blameless person living on earth at the time, and he walked in close fellowship with God.

Genesis 9:1
Then God blessed Noah and his sons and told them, "Be fruitful and multiply. Fill the earth.

Genesis 9:7
Now be fruitful and multiply, and repopulate the earth."

Genesis 9:19
From these three sons of Noah came all the people who now populate the earth.

Matthew 1:1
This is a record of the ancestors of Jesus the Messiah, a descendant of David and of Abraham:

Gill's Notes on the Bible

And the Lord said unto Moses, go in unto Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart,.... Or, as some render it, "though I have hardened his heart" u; or otherwise it would seem rather to be a reason he should not go, than why he should; at least it would be discouraging, and he might object to what purpose should he go, it would be in vain, no end would be answered by it; though there was an end God had in view, and which was answered by hardening his heart,

and the heart of his servants; whose hearts also were hardened until now; until the plague of the locusts was threatened, and then they relent; which end was as follows:

that I might shew these my signs before him; which had been shown already, and others that were to be done, see Exodus 7:3 or in the midst of him w, in the midst of his land, or in his heart, see Exodus 9:14.

u כי "quamvis", Piscator; so Ainsworth. w בקרבו "in medio ejus", Pagninus, Drusius; "in interioribus ejus", Montanus.

Clarke's Notes on the Bible

CHAPTER X

Moses is again sent to Pharaoh, and expostulates with him on

his refusal to let the Hebrews go, 1-3.

The eighth plague, viz., of locusts, is threatened, 4.

The extent and oppressive nature of this plague, 5, 6.

Pharaoh's servants counsel him to dismiss the Hebrews, 7.

He calls for Moses and Aaron, and inquires who they are of

the Hebrews who wish to go, 8.

Moses having answered that the whole people, with their flocks

and herds must go and hold a feast to the Lord, 9,

Pharaoh is enraged, and having granted permission only to the

men, drives Moses and Aaron from his presence, 10, 11.

Moses is commanded to stretch out his hand and bring the

locusts, 12.

He does so, and an east wind is sent, which, blowing all that

day and night, brings the locusts the next morning, 13.

The devastation occasioned by these insects, 14, 15.

Pharaoh is humbled, acknowledges his sin, and begs Moses to

intercede with Jehovah for him, 16, 17.

Moses does so, and at his request a strong west wind is sent,

which carries all the locusts to the Red Sea, 18, 19.

Pharaoh's heart is again hardened, 20.

Moses is commanded to bring the ninth plague of extraordinary

darkness over all the land of Egypt, 21.

The nature, duration, and effects of this, 22, 23.

Pharaoh, again humbled, consents to let the people go, provided

they leave their cattle behind, 24.

Moses insists on having all their cattle, because of the

sacrifices which they must make to the Lord, 25, 26.

Pharaoh, again hardened, refuses, 27.

Orders Moses from his presence, and threatens him with death

should he ever return, 28.

Moses departs with the promise of returning no more, 29.

NOTES ON CHAP. X

Verse Exodus 10:1. Hardened his heart — God suffered his natural obstinacy to prevail, that he might have farther opportunities of showing forth his eternal power and Godhead.