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Tuesday, September 2nd, 2025
the Week of Proper 17 / Ordinary 22
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Read the Bible

Revised Standard Version

Deuteronomy 14:15

the ostrich, the nighthawk, the sea gull, the hawk, after their kinds;

Bible Study Resources

Concordances:

- Nave's Topical Bible - Animals;   Birds;   Cuckoo;   Hawk;   Night Hawk;   Ostriches;   Owl;   Sanitation;   Thompson Chain Reference - Animals;   Beasts;   Birds;   Hawks;   Unclean;   The Topic Concordance - Meat;   Uncleanness;   Torrey's Topical Textbook - Owl, the;  

Dictionaries:

- American Tract Society Bible Dictionary - Birds;   Clean and Unclean;   Night-Hawk;   Baker Evangelical Dictionary of Biblical Theology - Touch;   Easton Bible Dictionary - Animal;   Clean;   Cuckoo;   Food;   Hawk;   Night-Hawk;   Owl;   Fausset Bible Dictionary - Cuckoo;   Night Hawk;   Holman Bible Dictionary - Birds;   Clean, Cleanness;   Cuckow;   Horned Owl;   Nighthawk;   Owl;   Screech Owl;   Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible - Crimes and Punishments;   Cuckow;   Deuteronomy;   Food;   Leviticus;   Ostrich;   Owl;   Poverty;   Morrish Bible Dictionary - Animals, Clean and Unclean;   Birds, Clean and Unclean;   Cuckoo,;   Hawk;   Hawk, Night,;   Ostrich;   Owl;   People's Dictionary of the Bible - Clean and unclean;   Cuckoo;   Watson's Biblical & Theological Dictionary - Hawk;   Night-Hawk;   Ostrich;  

Encyclopedias:

- Condensed Biblical Cyclopedia - Kingdom of Judah;   International Standard Bible Encyclopedia - Abomination, Birds of;   Birds, Unclean;   Cormorant;   Cuckow;   Fowl;   Hawk;   Night-Hawk;   Sea-Mew;   The Jewish Encyclopedia - Birds;   Clean and Unclean Animals;   Cuckoo;   Dietary Laws;   Hawk;   Ostrich;   Pharisees;  

Parallel Translations

Christian Standard Bible®
ostriches,
Hebrew Names Version
and the bas haya`anah, and the takhmos, and the sea-mew, and the netz after its kind,
King James Version
And the owl, and the night hawk, and the cuckow, and the hawk after his kind,
Lexham English Bible
and the ostrich and the short-eared owl and the seagull and the hawk according to its kind,
English Standard Version
the ostrich, the nighthawk, the sea gull, the hawk of any kind;
New Century Version
horned owls, screech owls, sea gulls, any kind of hawk,
New English Translation
the ostrich, the owl, the seagull, the falcon after its species,
Amplified Bible
and the ostrich, the owl, the seagull, the hawk of any variety,
New American Standard Bible
and the ostrich, the owl, the seagull, and the hawk in their kinds,
Geneva Bible (1587)
Nor the ostrich, nor the nightcrow, nor the semeaw, nor the hawke after her kinde,
Legacy Standard Bible
and the ostrich, the owl, the gull, and the hawk in their kinds,
Complete Jewish Bible
ostriches, screech-owls, seagulls, any kind of hawk,
Darby Translation
and the female ostrich, and the male ostrich, and the sea-gull, and the hawk after its kind;
Easy-to-Read Version
horned owls, screech owls, sea gulls, any kind of hawk,
George Lamsa Translation
The little owl, the night hawk, and the bee eater,
Literal Translation
and the ostrich, and the great owl, and the sea gull, and small hawks by their kinds,
Miles Coverdale Bible (1535)
the Estriche, the Night crowe, the Cocow, the Sparow hauke with his kynde,
American Standard Version
and the ostrich, and the night-hawk, and the sea-mew, and the hawk after its kind,
Bible in Basic English
And the ostrich and the night-hawk and the sea-hawk and birds of that sort;
Bishop's Bible (1568)
The Estritch, the Nightcrowe, the Cockowe, and the Sparowehauke after their kinde.
JPS Old Testament (1917)
and the ostrich, and the night-hawk, and the sea-mew, and the hawk after its kinds;
King James Version (1611)
And the owle, & the night hawke, and the cuckow, and the hawke after his kinde,
Brenton's Septuagint (LXX)
and the sparrow, and the owl, and the seamew,
English Revised Version
and the ostrich, and the night hawk, and the seamew, and the hawk after its kind;
Berean Standard Bible
the ostrich, the screech owl, the gull, any kind of hawk,
Wycliffe Bible (1395)
and a strucioun, and a nyyt crowe, and a lare,
Young's Literal Translation
and the owl, and the night-hawk, and the cuckoo, and the hawk after its kind;
Update Bible Version
and the ostrich, and the night-hawk, and the sea-mew, and the hawk after its kind,
Webster's Bible Translation
And the owl, and the night-hawk, and the cuckow, and the hawk after his kind,
World English Bible
and the ostrich, and the night-hawk, and the sea-mew, and the hawk after its kind,
New King James Version
the ostrich, the short-eared owl, the sea gull, and the hawk after their kinds;
New Living Translation
the eagle owl, the short-eared owl, the seagull, hawks of all kinds,
New Life Bible
the ostrich, the owl, the sea gull, every kind of hawk,
New Revised Standard
the ostrich, the nighthawk, the sea gull, the hawk of any kind;
J.B. Rotherham Emphasized Bible
and the female ostrich, and the male ostrich and the sea-gull, - and the hawk, after its kind;
Douay-Rheims Bible
And the ostrich, and the owl, and the larus, and the hawk according to its kind:
New American Standard Bible (1995)
and the ostrich, the owl, the sea gull, and the hawk in their kinds,

Contextual Overview

1 "You are the sons of the LORD your God; you shall not cut yourselves or make any baldness on your foreheads for the dead. 2 For you are a people holy to the LORD your God, and the LORD has chosen you to be a people for his own possession, out of all the peoples that are on the face of the earth. 3 "You shall not eat any abominable thing. 4 These are the animals you may eat: the ox, the sheep, the goat, 5 the hart, the gazelle, the roebuck, the wild goat, the ibex, the antelope, and the mountain-sheep. 6 Every animal that parts the hoof and has the hoof cloven in two, and chews the cud, among the animals, you may eat. 7 Yet of those that chew the cud or have the hoof cloven you shall not eat these: the camel, the hare, and the rock badger, because they chew the cud but do not part the hoof, are unclean for you. 8 And the swine, because it parts the hoof but does not chew the cud, is unclean for you. Their flesh you shall not eat, and their carcasses you shall not touch. 9 "Of all that are in the waters you may eat these: whatever has fins and scales you may eat. 10 And whatever does not have fins and scales you shall not eat; it is unclean for you.

Bible Verse Review
  from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge

Job 30:29

the night: Tachmas, probably the bird which Hasselquist calls strix orientalis, or oriental owl.

the cuckoo: Shachpaph, probably the sea-gull or mew.

Reciprocal: Leviticus 11:16 - General Job 39:26 - the hawk

Cross-References

Genesis 14:2
these kings made war with Bera king of Sodom, Birsha king of Gomor'rah, Shinab king of Admah, Sheme'ber king of Zeboi'im, and the king of Bela (that is, Zo'ar).
Genesis 14:3
And all these joined forces in the Valley of Siddim (that is, the Salt Sea).
Deuteronomy 15:2
And this is the manner of the release: every creditor shall release what he has lent to his neighbor; he shall not exact it of his neighbor, his brother, because the LORD's release has been proclaimed.
1 Kings 15:18
Then Asa took all the silver and the gold that were left in the treasures of the house of the LORD and the treasures of the king's house, and gave them into the hands of his servants; and King Asa sent them to Ben-ha'dad the son of Tabrim'mon, the son of He'zi-on, king of Syria, who dwelt in Damascus, saying,
Psalms 112:5
It is well with the man who deals generously and lends, who conducts his affairs with justice.
Acts 9:2
and asked him for letters to the synagogues at Damascus, so that if he found any belonging to the Way, men or women, he might bring them bound to Jerusalem.

Gill's Notes on the Bible

:-

Barnes' Notes on the Bible

Compare Leviticus 11:0. The variations here, whether omissions or additions, are probably to be explained by the time and circumstances of the speaker.

Deuteronomy 14:5

The “pygarg” is a species of gazelle, and the “wild ox” and “chamois” are swift types of antelope.

Deuteronomy 14:21

The prohibition is repeated from Leviticus 22:8. The directions as to the disposal of the carcass are unique to Deuteronomy, and their motive is clear. To have forbidden the people either themselves to eat that which had died, or to allow any others to do so, would have involved loss of property, and consequent temptation to an infraction of the command. The permissions now for the first time granted would have been useless in the wilderness. During the 40 years’ wandering there could be but little opportunity of selling such carcasses; while non-Israelites living in the camp would in such a matter be bound by the same rules as the Israelites Leviticus 17:15; Leviticus 24:22. Further, it would seem (compare Leviticus 17:15) that greater stringency is here given to the requirement of abstinence from that which had died of itself. Probably on this, as on so many other points, allowance was made for the circumstances of the people. Flesh meat was no doubt often scarce in the desert. It would therefore have been a hardship to forbid entirely the use of that which had not been killed. However, now that the plenty of the promised land was before them, the modified toleration of this unholy food was withdrawn.


 
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