Exodus 1:13

World English Bible

Contextual Overview

⁸ Now there arose a new king over Egypt, who didn't know Joseph. ⁹ He said to his people, "Behold, the people of the children of Israel are more and mightier than we. ¹⁰ Come, let us deal wisely with them, lest they multiply, and it happen that when any war breaks out, they also join themselves to our enemies, and fight against us, and escape out of the land." ¹¹ Therefore they set taskmasters over them to afflict them with their burdens. They built storage cities for Pharaoh: Pithom and Raamses. ¹² But the more they afflicted them, the more they multiplied and the more they spread out. They were grieved because of the children of Israel. ¹³ The Egyptians ruthlessly made the children of Israel serve, ¹⁴ and they made their lives bitter with hard service, in mortar and in brick, and in all manner of service in the field, all their service, in which they ruthlessly made them serve.

Bible Verse Review
  from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge

Reciprocal: Exodus 1:14 - was with rigour Exodus 3:9 - and I have Leviticus 25:43 - rule 2 Samuel 7:10 - as beforetime 1 Kings 12:11 - I will add 1 Chronicles 17:9 - as at the 2 Chronicles 10:4 - grievous 2 Chronicles 10:11 - I will put Job 24:12 - groan Psalms 107:39 - oppression Ecclesiastes 4:1 - and considered Isaiah 52:5 - make Ezekiel 34:4 - but with John 8:33 - and were Revelation 11:8 - Egypt

Gill's Notes on the Bible

And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigour. Or with breach c, with what might tend to break their strength; they laid heavier burdens upon them, obliged them to harder service, used them more cruelly and with greater fierceness, adding to their hard service ill words, and perhaps blows.

c בפרך "in fractione", Cajetan. apud Rivet.

Clarke's Notes on the Bible

Verse Exodus 1:13. To serve with rigour — בפרך bepharech, with cruelty, great oppression; being ferocious with them. The word fierce is supposed by some to be derived from the Hebrew, as well as the Latin ferox, from which we more immediately bring our English term. This kind of cruelty to slaves, and ferociousness, unfeelingness, and hard-heartedness, were particularly forbidden to the children of Israel. See Leviticus 25:43, Leviticus 25:46, where the same word is used: Thou shalt not rule over him with RIGOUR, but shalt fear thy God.