Verse-by-Verse Bible Commentary
Ezekiel 9:11

Clarke's Commentary

Verse Ezekiel 9:11. I have done as thou hast commanded me. — Angels and men must all give account of their conduct to God; for although he is every where, and his eye sees all things, yet they must personally account for all that they have done. I have done as thou hast commanded me. The penitents are all signed; the penitents are all safe. This is good news for them that mourn.

Bridgeway Bible Commentary

Execution of the sinners (9:1-11)

God’s punishment of Jerusalem was illustrated by a vision in which God sent his executioners to carry out his work of judgment on the sinful people. First, however, he sent a special servant to put a mark on those who opposed the city’s wickedness, so that they might be preserved through the coming bloodshed (9:1-4). The first place where the judgment fell was the temple, where the nation’s leaders had led the people astray with their wickedness and idolatry. The temple was soon defiled with the corpses scattered around its courts (5-7).
The northern kingdom had been destroyed long ago, and now many from the southern kingdom were killed or taken captive. Ezekiel feared that with the slaughter in Jerusalem the last remains of the ancient nation would be wiped out (8). God assured the prophet that his judgment was just. The people acted as if God did not matter; now they were to suffer the consequences. But safety was guaranteed for those believers who stood firm for God amid the nationwide ungodliness (9-11).

Coffman's Commentaries on the Bible

“And it came to pass while they were smiting, and I was left, that I fell upon my face, and cried, and said, Ah Lord Jehovah, wilt thou destroy all the residue of Israel in thy pouring out of thy wrath upon Jerusalem? Then said he unto me, The iniquity of the house of Israel and Judah is exceeding great, and the land is full of blood, and the city full of wresting of judgment: for they say, Jehovah hath forsaken the land, and Jehovah seeth not. And as for me also, mine eye shall not spare, neither will I have pity, but I will bring their ways upon their head. And, behold, the man clothed in linen, who had the inkhorn by his side, reported the matter saying, I have done as thou hast commanded me.”

EZEKIEL’S INTERCESSION OF NO AVAIL

“This passage shows how wrong are those evaluations of Ezekiel that see him only as a merciless religious zealot. The prophets of God had a heart for the people to whom they had to preach condemnation and judgment.”Charles Lee Feinberg in Ezekiel (Moody Press), p. 57. Ezekiel loved his people and their sacred city Jerusalem; and it is possible that he still might have been thinking that the “righteous remnant” so often mentioned by Isaiah, and which also vividly appears now and then in his own writings, would undoubtedly be found “in Jerusalem.”

However, the events which Ezekiel saw in this vision appeared to the prophet as the end of any such possibility as that of a “righteous remnant” remaining in Jerusalem. No! The “righteous remnant” would be found among the captives in Babylon, not in Jerusalem; and the complete end of Jerusalem, as it began to unfold before the eyes of Ezekiel, broke his heart, because he probably thought there might not be left any remnant at all; and that appears to be the reason for his passionate, tearful and heartbroken intercession.

“I fell upon my face, and cried, and said, Ah Lord, wilt thou destroy all the residue of Israel” The background of this plea is most certainly that of Ezekiel’s knowledge of God’s promise that a “righteous remnant” would remain, There is a similarity here to Abraham’s intercession for Sodom and Gomorrah. Both intercessions were offered in the form of a question. Both were based upon previous promises of God. Here, the promise was that God would spare a remnant. With Abraham, the promise that God would destroy Sodom and Gomorrah. Here the tearful question is “Wilt thou destroy the residue of Israel?” With Abraham, the question was, “Wilt thou destroy the righteous with the wicked?” There is also a third similarity, namely, in the fact that both intercessions failed. Both Jerusalem and Sodom were destroyed, exactly as God promised. God did not violate his promise in either case. There were not ten righteous persons in Sodom; and God preserved a “righteous remnant,” as he promised, only it was not in Jerusalem, but in Babylon!

“The iniquity of the house of Israel and Judah is exceeding great” God here gave the grounds for the utter necessity of Jerusalem’s destruction. At first, we are surprised that God did not here enumerate such things as Israel’s worshipping other gods, or their defiling the temple, or of their neglect of sacrifices, despite the fact of such sins being the source of all their wickedness. The wickedness mentioned here was, (1) the land was filled with blood; (2) the city is full of injustice, and (3) they do not believe in an omniscient, personal God to whom every man must give an account. “These terrible conditions were the end result of the peoples’ false religion.”John T. Bunn in the Broadman Bible Commentary (Nashville: Broadman Press, 1871), p. 257.

Nothing is any more important in the life of any man or any nation than his religion. The relationship to God is the governor and determiner of everything else. If that relationship is correct, so will be his life; if it is wrong, no other obligation or duty will be honored for one minute longer than the personal wishes of the sinner may dictate.

Illustration: This writer once visited a young woman just married who was severely prejudiced against her husband’s religion; and she vowed that, “I am going to take him away from that church.”

She did so. Seven years later, she called, pleading for aid to save her marriage. He had developed an affair with another woman; and the answer to her was, “What did you expect? When any person forsakes his duty to God, why should he honor any other duty?”

“Mine eye shall not spare, neither will I have pity” This was God’s answer to Ezekiel. Jerusalem would be subjected to the destruction which they so richly deserved. “God would have his servants humbly acquiesce in his judgments and trust God to do exactly what is right.”D. G. Watt in The Preacher’s Complete Homiletic Commentary (Funk and Wagnalls), p. 108.

Ezekiel’s passionate intercession evidently caused him to forget the sparing of those who received the mark upon their foreheads; and, to soften the dreadful news of Jerusalem’s fall, God permitted him to hear the report of the Angel of Jehovah in Ezekiel 9:11.

Those who received that mark were the true “righteous remnant”; and they were in no danger whatever of being forsaken.

“I have done as thou hast commanded me” Yes indeed, some of the righteous remnant were in Jerusalem right up to the fall and through the dreadful events that followed, among whom, we feel sure the great prophet Jeremiah was numbered.

“The execution of God’s command in Ezekiel 9:4 to mark the faithful was passed over as being self-evident until this verse (v. 11), where the accomplishment of it was reported.”Carl Friedrich Keil, Keil-Delitzsch Old Testament Commentary (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company), p. 130. It might have been mentioned indirectly here in order to encourage Ezekiel and to let him know that, after all, that “righteous remnant” was still and would continue to be intact.

Calvin's Commentary on the Bible

This sentence confirms what I said yesterday about God’s paternal anxiety towards the faithful. For the Prophet taught, before God would permit the Chaldeans to destroy the city, that an angel was sent before to succor the elect, and thus to oppose himself to the violence of the enemies: where we have said that it is shown to us as in a glass that God holds this order in his judgments, that his fatherly love towards the faithful always precedes them, so that he does not permit anything to happen to them but what tends to their safety. For this reason the angel now says, that he had done as he was commanded. Doubtless the obedience of the angel is reported to us, because it answers to the will of God. Hence, therefore, we gather that the safety of the faithful is always precious to God, and therefore they will always be safe and secure when we think heaven and earth mingled together. This then is the explanation. Now follows —

Smith's Bible Commentary

Chapter 9

He cried also in my ear with a loud voice, saying, Cause them that have the charge over the city to draw near, even every man with his destroying weapon in his hand ( Ezekiel 9:1 ).

So he heard Him now crying. He's not ordering Ezekiel. Ezekiel is hearing God cry to these others, "Cause them that have charge over the city to draw near, even every man with his destroying weapon in his hand." He is calling now these angels of God who are to bring the judgment against the people.

And, behold, six men came from the way of the higher gate, which lies towards the north, and every man had a slaughter weapon in his hand; and one man among them was clothed with linen ( Ezekiel 9:2 ),

Even Jesus Christ, really, one of the theophanies, we find Him in many parallel passages to this.

he had a writer's inkhorn by his side: and they went in, and stood beside the brass altar. And the glory of the God of Israel was gone up from the cherub, whereupon he was, to the threshold of the house ( Ezekiel 9:2-3 ).

Now, the Spirit of God and the glory of God is now departing from Israel. No longer in the holy of holies, has now moved to the threshold of the house of God. Soon we'll find it moving to the east gate and then to the mountain, the Mount of Olives, towards the east and then departing completely. And so, God's glory, the cherubim leaving now. Dwelt there in the holy of holies of the temple, but now God's glory, the presence of God, is leaving.

And to the others he said in my hearing, Go ye after him through the city ( Ezekiel 9:5 ),

No, let's see.

And the LORD said unto him, Go through the midst of the city ( Ezekiel 9:4 ),

Talking to the one which had the writer's inkhorn by His side.

And the LORD said unto him, Go through the midst of the city, through the midst of Jerusalem, and set a mark upon the foreheads of the men that sigh and that cry for all of the abominations that be done [in the middle thereof or] in the midst thereof ( Ezekiel 9:4 ).

So, this one with the inkhorn was to go through and mark all of those who were grieving over the abominations that existed. Those whose hearts were grieved by the things that were going on.

I'll tell you, when I read the newspapers and I read what's going on in our country, I grieve. God said, "Go mark those that have been grieving."

And to the others he said in my hearing, Go ye after him through the city, and smite: and let not your eye spare, neither have pity: Slay utterly the old and the young, both maids, and little children, the women: but come not near any man upon whom is the mark; and begin at my sanctuary ( Ezekiel 9:5-6 ).

You remember that Peter said, "The time has come when judgment must begin at the house of Lord." It's a reference to Ezekiel, where God said, "Begin at My sanctuary." But Peter said, "If judgment begins at the house of the Lord, where will the sinner and the ungodly appear?" Now also these that are marked in the New Testament, in the book of Revelation, we have an interesting parallel in the book of Revelation, chapter 7, where there are four angels that are holding the four winds, ready to bring destruction upon the earth, and there is an angel that says, "'Don't release those winds until the servants of God have been marked in their forehead.' And I counted the number that were marked and there were a hundred forty-four thousand, that they should not be hurt by the plagues that were yet to come to pass" ( Revelation 7:3-4 ).

So, God's preservation again of a remnant. God had His faithful remnant in Jerusalem, "Mark them, and when the judgment comes, when you are to slay, don't touch those with a mark." And so, again, God preserving His remnant in the book of Revelation, chapter 7. Parallel passages.

He said unto them, Defile the house, by filling the courts with the slain ( Ezekiel 9:7 ):

Now, if you touched a dead carcass, you were to be defiled for a day. You weren't to be allowed to come into the temple to worship if you'd touched a dead body. But he said, "Defile the temple, just kill the people in the courts of it, let it all be defiled."

And they went forth, and they slew in the city. And it came to pass, while they were slaying them, that I was left, and I fell upon my face, and I cried, and I said, Ah Lord GOD! will you destroy all the residue of Israel in the pouring out of your fury upon Jerusalem? And he said unto me, The iniquity of the house of Israel and of Judah is exceeding great, the land is full of blood, the city is full of perverseness: for they say, The LORD hath forsaken the earth, and the LORD does not see. And as for me also, my eye shall not spare, neither will I have pity, but I will recompense their way upon their head. And, behold, the man that was clothed with linen, which had the inkhorn by his side, reported the matter, saying, I have done as you have commanded me ( Ezekiel 9:7-11 ). "

Dr. Constable's Expository Notes

The man with the inkhorn returned to the Lord and reported that he had carried out his assignment as instructed. There were some that he was able to mark, and they remained alive. This was the faithful remnant that was a very small group at this time (cf. Romans 9:27-29; Romans 11:4-5).

Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible

And, behold, the man clothed with linen, which [had] the inkhorn by his side,.... Ezekiel 9:2; to whom the orders were given to mark the mourners in the city, Ezekiel 9:4. The Syriac version is, "then I saw the man", c. which must direct him to observe and call to mind the distinguishing goodness of God to his own people:

reported the matter, saying, I have done as thou hast commanded me meaning that the righteous were marked, and had been preserved, while the others were slain. Christ, as man and Mediator, sustains the character of a servant; as such he has commands enjoined him, which he has obeyed; he has done all he was to do; he has fulfilled the whole will of God, and wrought out the complete salvation of his people; a report of which he made when here on earth, John 17:4; and will do again at the last day; when all his people will be gathered in, and he shall deliver the kingdom to the Father, and present them all to him, having been kept by his power, saying, "lo, I and the children thou hast given me", Isaiah 8:18; when all will be done as was commanded, and he undertook, and the report made accordingly. Ben Melech observes, that the "Keri", or marginal reading is,

"according to all which thou hast commanded me;''

as if he should say, there is nothing wanting of all that was commanded.

Henry's Complete Commentary on the Bible

      5 And to the others he said in mine hearing, Go ye after him through the city, and smite: let not your eye spare, neither have ye pity:   6 Slay utterly old and young, both maids, and little children, and women: but come not near any man upon whom is the mark; and begin at my sanctuary. Then they began at the ancient men which were before the house.   7 And he said unto them, Defile the house, and fill the courts with the slain: go ye forth. And they went forth, and slew in the city.   8 And it came to pass, while they were slaying them, and I was left, that I fell upon my face, and cried, and said, Ah Lord GOD! wilt thou destroy all the residue of Israel in thy pouring out of thy fury upon Jerusalem?   9 Then said he unto me, The iniquity of the house of Israel and Judah is exceeding great, and the land is full of blood, and the city full of perverseness: for they say, The LORD hath forsaken the earth, and the LORD seeth not.   10 And as for me also, mine eye shall not spare, neither will I have pity, but I will recompense their way upon their head.   11 And, behold, the man clothed with linen, which had the inkhorn by his side, reported the matter, saying, I have done as thou hast commanded me.

      In these verses we have,

      I. A command given to the destroyers to do execution according to their commission. They stood by the brazen altar, waiting for orders; and orders are here given them to cut off and destroy all that were either guilty of, or accessory to, the abominations of Jerusalem, and that did not sigh and cry for them. Note, When God has gathered his wheat into his garner nothing remains but to burn up the chaff,Matthew 3:12.

      1. They are ordered to destroy all, (1.) Without exception. They must go through the city, and smite; they must slay utterly, slay to destruction, give them their death's wound. They must make no distinction of age or sex, but cut off old and young; neither the beauty of the virgins, nor the innocency of the babes, shall secure them. This was fulfilled in the death of multitudes by famine and pestilence, especially by the sword of the Chaldeans, as far as the military execution went. Sometimes even such bloody work as this has been God's work. But what an evil thing is sin, then, which provokes the God of infinite mercy to such severity! (2.) Without compassion: "Let not your eye spare, neither have you pity (Ezekiel 9:5; Ezekiel 9:5); you must not save any whom God has doomed to destruction, as Saul did Agag and the Amalekites, for that is doing the work of God deceitfully,Jeremiah 48:10. None need to be more merciful than God is; and he had said (Ezekiel 8:18; Ezekiel 8:18), My eye shall not spare, neither will I have pity." Note, Those that live in sin, and hate to be reformed, will perish in sin, and deserve not to be pitied; for they might easily have prevented the ruin, and would not.

      2. They are warned not to do the least hurt to those that were marked for salvation: "Come not near any man upon whom is the mark; do not so much as threaten or frighten any of them; it is promised them that there shall no evil come nigh them, and therefore you must keep at a distance from them." The king of Babylon gave particular orders that Jeremiah should be protected. Baruch and Ebed-melech were secured, and, it is likely, others of Jeremiah's friends, for his sake. God had promised that it should go well with his remnant and they should be well treated (Jeremiah 15:11); and we have reason to think that none of the mourning praying remnant fell by the sword of the Chaldeans, but that God found out some way or other to secure them all, as, in the last destruction of Jerusalem by the Romans, the Christians were all secured in a city called Pella, and none of them perished with the unbelieving Jews. Note, None of those shall be lost whom God has marked for life and salvation; for the foundation of God stands sure.

      3. They are directed to begin at the sanctuary (Ezekiel 9:6; Ezekiel 9:6), that sanctuary which, in the chapter before, he had seen the horrid profanation of; they must begin there because there the wickedness began which provoked God to send these judgments. The debaucheries of the priests were the poisoning of the springs, to which all the corruption of the streams was owing. The wickedness of the sanctuary was of all wickedness the most offensive to God, and therefore there the slaughter must begin: "Begin there, to try if the people will take warning by the judgments of God upon their priests, and will repent and reform; begin there, that all the world may see and know that the Lord, whose name is Jealous, is a jealous God, and hates sin most in those that are nearest to him." Note, When judgments are abroad they commonly begin at the house of God,1 Peter 4:17. You only have I known, and therefore I will punish you,Amos 3:2. God's temple is a sanctuary, a refuge and protection for penitent sinners, but not for any that go on still in their trespasses; neither the sacredness of the place nor the eminency of their place in it will be their security. It should seem the destroyers made some difficulty of putting men to death in the temple, but God bids them not to hesitate at that, but (Ezekiel 9:7; Ezekiel 9:7), Defile the house, and fill the courts with slain. They will not be taken from the altar (as was appointed by the law, Exodus 21:14), but think to secure themselves by keeping hold of the horns of it, like Joab, and therefore, like him, let them die there,1 Kings 2:30; 1 Kings 2:31. There the blood of one of God's prophets had been shed (Matthew 23:35) and therefore let their blood be shed. Note, If the servants of God's house defile it with their idolatries, God will justly suffer the enemies of it to defile it with their violences, Psalms 79:1. But these acts of necessary justice were really, whatever they were ceremonially, rather a purification than a pollution of the sanctuary; it was putting away evil from among them. 4. They are appointed to go forth into the city,Ezekiel 9:6; Ezekiel 9:7. Note, Wherever sin has gone before judgement will follow after; and, though judgement begins at the house of God, yet it shall not end there. The holy city shall be no more a protection to the wicked people then the holy house was to the wicked priests.

      II. Here is execution done accordingly. They observed their orders, and, 1. They began at the elders, the ancient men that were before the house, and slew them first, either those seventy ancients who worshipped idols in their chambers (Ezekiel 8:12; Ezekiel 8:12) or those twenty-five who worshipped the sun between the porch and the altar, who might more properly be said to be before the house. Note, Ringleaders in sin may expect to be first met with by the judgments of God; and the sins of those who are in the most eminent and public stations call for the most exemplary punishments. 2. They proceeded to the common people: They went forth and slew in the city; for, when the decree has gone forth, there shall be no delay; if God begin, he will make an end.

      III. Here is the prophet's intercession for a mitigation of the judgement, and a reprieve for some (Ezekiel 9:8; Ezekiel 9:8): While they were slaying them, and I was left, I fell upon my face. Observe here, 1. How sensible the prophet was of God's mercy to him, in that he was spared when so many round about him were cut off. Thousands fell on his right hand, and on his left, and yet the destruction did not come nigh him; only with his eyes did he behold the just reward of the wicked,Psalms 91:7; Psalms 91:8. He speaks as one that narrowly escaped the destruction, attributing it to God's goodness, not his own deserts. Note, The best saints must acknowledge themselves indebted to sparing mercy that they are not consumed. And when desolating judgments are abroad, and multitudes fall by them, it ought to be accounted a great favor if we have our lives given us for a prey; for we might justly have perished with those that perished. 2. Observe how he improved this mercy; he looked upon it that therefore he was left that he might stand in the gap to turn away the wrath of God. Note, We must look upon it that for this reason we are spared, that we may do good in our places, may do good by our prayers. Ezekiel did not triumph in the slaughter he made, but his flesh trembled for the fear of God, (as David's, Psalms 119:120); he fell on his face, and cried, not in fear for himself (he was one of those that were marked), but in compassion to his fellow-creatures. Those that sigh and cry for the sins of sinners cannot but sigh and cry for their miseries too; yet the day is coming when all this concern will be entirely swallowed up in a full satisfaction in this, that God is glorified; and those that now fall on their faces, and cry, Ah! Lord God, will lift up their heads, and sing, Hallelujah,Revelation 19:1; Revelation 19:3. The prophet humbly expostulates with God: "Wilt thou destroy all the residue of Israel, and shall there be none left but the few that are marked? Shall the Israel of God be destroyed, utterly destroyed? When there are but a few left shall those be cut off, who might have been the seed of another generation? And will the God of Israel be himself their destroyer? Wilt thou now destroy Israel, who wast wont to protect and deliver Israel? Wilt thou so pour out thy fury upon Jerusalem as by the total destruction of the city to ruin the whole country too? Surely thou wilt not!" Note, Though we acknowledge that God is righteous, yet we have leave to plead with him concerning his judgments,Jeremiah 12:1.

      IV. Here is God's denial of the prophet's request for a mitigation of the judgement and his justification of himself in that denial, Ezekiel 9:9; Ezekiel 9:10. 1. Nothing could be said in extenuation of this sin. God was willing to show mercy as the prophet could desire; he always is so. But here the case will not admit of it; it is such that mercy cannot be granted without wrong to justice; and it is not fit that one attribute of God should be glorified at the expense of another. Is it any pleasure to the Almighty that he should destroy, especially that he should destroy Israel? By no means. But the truth is their crimes are so flagrant that the reprieve of the sinners would be a connivance at the sin: "The iniquity of the house of Judah and Israel is exceedingly great; there is no suffering them to go on at this rate. The land is filled with the innocent blood, and, when the city courts are appealed to for the defence of injured innocency, the remedy is as bad as the disease, for the city is full of perverseness, or wrestling of judgement; and that which they support themselves with in this iniquity is the same atheistical profane principle with which they flattered themselves in their idolatry, Ezekiel 8:12; Ezekiel 8:12. The Lord has forsaken the earth, and left it to us to do what we will in it; he will not intermeddle in the affairs of it; and, whatever wrong we do, he sees not; he either knows it not, or will not take cognizance of it." Now how can those expect benefit by the mercy of God who thus bid defiance to his justice? No; nothing can be offered by an advocate in excuse of the crimes while the criminal puts in such a plea as this in his own vindication; and therefore. 2. Nothing can be done to mitigate the sentence (Ezekiel 9:10; Ezekiel 9:10): "Whatever thou thinkest of it, as for me, my eye shall not spare, neither will I have pity; I have borne with them as long as it was fit that such impudent sinners should be borne with; and therefore now I will recompense their way on their head." Note, Sinners sink and perish under the weight of their own sins; it is their own way, which they deliberately chose rather than the way of God, and which they obstinately persisted in, in contempt of the word of God, that is recompensed on them. Great iniquities justify God in great severities; nay, he is ready to justify himself, as he does here to the prophet, for he will be clear when he judges.

      V. Here is a return made of the writ of protection which was issued out for the securing of those that mourned in Zion (Ezekiel 9:11; Ezekiel 9:11): The man clothed with linen reported the matter, gave an account of what he had done in pursuance of his commission; he had found out all that mourned in secret for the sins of the land, and cried out against them by a public testimony, and had marked them all in the forehead. Lord, I have done as thou hast commanded me. We do not find that those who were commissioned to destroy reported what destruction they had made, but he who was appointed to protect reported his matter; for it would be more pleasing both to God and to the prophet to hear of those that were saved than of those that perished. Or this report was made now because the thing was finished, whereas the destroying work would be a work of time, and when it was brought to an end then the report should be made. See how faithful Christ is to the trust reposed in him. Is he commanded to secure eternal life to the chosen remnant? He has done as was commanded him. Of all that thou hast given me I have lost none.