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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary
Strong's #225 - ἀλήθεια
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ἀλήθ-εια [ ᾰλ], ἡ, Dor. ἀλάθεια (also ἀλαθείᾱ B. 12.204); ἀλάθεα Alc. 57, Theoc. 29.1 is neut. pl. of ἀλᾱθής; (and Farly Att. acc. to Hdn.Gr. 2.454) ἀληθείᾱ; Ion. ἀληθείη:
I truth, opp. lie or mere appearance:
1, in Hom. only opp. a lie, freq. in phrase ἀληθείην καταλέξαι Il. 24.407,al.; ἀ. ἀποειπεῖν 23.361; παιδὸς πᾶσαν ἀ. μυθεῖσθαι to tell whole truth about the lad, Od. 11.507; ἀλάθει' ἀτρεκής Pi. N. 5.17, cf. B. l.c.; prov., οἶνος καὶ ἀ. ` in vino veritas', Alc.l.c., etc.; ἁπλᾶ γάρ ἐστι τῆς ἀ. ἔπη A. Fr. 176, cf. E. Ph. 469; χρᾶσθαι τῇ ἀ. Hdt. 1.116; εἰπεῖν τὴν ἀ. Id. 6.69; ἡ ἀ. περί τινος Th. 4.122, S. Tr. 91; ἀ. ἔχειν to be true, Arist. Pol. 1281a42: pl., ταῖς ἀ. χρῆσθαι Isoc. 9.5; τὰς ἀ. λέγειν Men. 87, 925; τὰς ἀ. ἀκοῦσαι τῶν γενομένων Alcid. Od. 13: — Ἀλήθεια or περὶ Ἀληθείας, title of works by Protag., Pl. Tht. 161c, Cra. 391c; by Antipho Soph., FOxy. 1364, cf. Hermog. Id. 2.11, etc.
2. after Hom. also truth, reality, opp. appearance, σὺν ἀλαθείᾳ καλῶν B. 3.96; ἡ ἀ. τῶν πραχθέντων Antipho 2.4.1; τῶν ἔργων ἡ ἀ. Th. 2.41; μιμήματα ἀληθείας Pl. Plt. 300c: — in adverb. usages, τῇ ἀ. in very truth, Th. 4.120, etc.; ταῖς ἀ. Isoc. 15.283, cf. Philem. 130, Plb. 10.40.5, Babr. 75.20; rarely (without the Art.) ἀληθείᾳ Pl. Prt. 343d: — with Preps., ἐν τῇ ἀ. Pl. La. 183d; ἐπὶ τῆς ἀληθείας καὶ τοῦ πράγματος in truth and reality, D. 21.72; ἐπ' ἀληθείᾳ for the sake of truth, A. Supp. 628, Ar. Pl. 891; also, according to truth and nature, Theoc. 7.44: — μετ' ἀληθείας X. Mem. 2.1.27, D. 2.4: — κατὰ τὴν ἀ. Isoc. 1.2.46, etc.; κατ' ἀλήθειον Arist. Pol. 1278b33, etc.: — ξὺν ἀληθείᾳ A. Ag. 1567: — πρὸς ἀλήθειαν D.S. 5.67, etc.
3. real war, opp. exercise or parade, Plb. 10.20.4,al.; ἐπ' αὐτῆς τῆς ἀ. Id. 1.21.3.
4. true event, realization of dream or omen, Hdt. 3.64, Damon ap.Sch. Ar. Pl. 1003.
II of persons, truthfulness, sincerity, Hdt. 1.55; ἀλαθείᾳ φρενῶν A. Ag. 1550, cf. Pl. R. 331c, Arist. EN 1108a20.
III *)a. personified, Emp. 1, Parm. 1.29, etc. symbol of truth, jewel worn by Egyptian high-priest, D.S. 1.48, 75, Ael. VH 14.34: of the Thummim, LXX Leviticus 8:8.
ἀλήθεια , -ας , ἡ
(< ἀληθής ),
[in LXX chiefly for H571 (on which, v. Cremer, 627 f.), H530;]
truth (v. DB, iv, 818 f.).
1. Objectively, "the reality lying at the basis of an appearance; the manifested, veritable essence of a matter" (Cremer, 86): Romans 9:1, al.; of religious truth, Romans 1:2, al.; esp. of Christian doctrine, Galatians 2:5, al.; ἀ . θεοῦ , Romans 15:8.
2. Subjectively, truthfulness, truth, not merely verbal (cl.), but sincerity and integrity of character: John 8:44, 3 John 1:3.
3. In phrases (MM, VGT, s.v.): ἐπ᾽ ἀληθείας , Mark 12:14, al.; ἀ . λέγειν (εἰπεῖν , λαλεῖν ), Romans 9:1, 2 Corinthians 12:6, Ephesians 4:25, al.; ἀ . ποιεῖν , John 3:21, 1 John 1:6 (cf. DE, iv, 818 b, ff.).
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
The noun occurs requently in prepositional phrases, μετὰ πάσης ἀληθείας , etc. Ἐπ᾽ ἀληθείας is found in P Amh II. 6833 (late i/A.D.) ὀμνύομεν . . . εἶ μὴν ἐξ ὑγειοῦς καὶ ἐπ᾽ ἀληθείας ἐπιδεδωκ [έ ]ναι : so P Oxy III. 480.9 (A.D. 132), and Syll 226174 (iii/B.C.) οὐ γεγενημένου τούτου ἐπ᾽ ἀληθείας , etc. This NT phrase is thoroughly idiomatic, we see, and not ";translation Greek"; in Mark. Other combinations are ἐξ ἀ ., P Oxy VII. 103233 (A.D. 162) ἐ [κ ] τῆς ἀ ., P Flor I. 3214 (A.D. 298) ἐξόμνυμι . . . ἐξ ἀ . καὶ πίστεως . (For this collocation of nouns, cf. P Oxy I. 705 (iii/A.D.) πίστιν καὶ ἀλήθ [ειαν ἔ ]χει , ";is credited and accepted,"; of a contract (Edd.).) With 2 John 1:1, 3 John 1:1 ὃν ἐγὼ ἀγαπῶ ἐν ἀληθείᾳ , cf. the Gemellus letters, P Fay 118.26 (A.D. 110) ἀσπάζου τοὺς φιλοῦντές σε πάντες πρὸς ἀλήθιαν , and ib. 119.26 (c. A.D. 100) τοὺς φιλοῦντες ἡμᾶς πρὸς ἀλήθιαν . In much the same sense we find ταῖς ἀληθ (είαις ), P Ryl II. 105.26 (A.D. 136). For the noun without prepositions we may quote P Oxy II. 283.13f. (A.D. 45) ἐξ οὗ δεήσει γνωσθῆναι πᾶσαν τὴν περὶ τῶν προγεγραμμένων ἀλήθειαν , P Giss I. 84.14 (ii/A.D.) φι ]λοῦσ ̣ι νῦν οὗτοι τὴν ἀλήθ [ε ]ιαν εἰπε ̣ι ̣̑ν ̣, P Lond 412.5 (A.D. 351) = (II. p. 280) εἰ μὴ ὑπῆρχεν ἡμεῖν ἡ τῶν νόμων ἀλήθει [α ], ib. 8973 (A.D. 84) ( = III. p. 206) νυνεὶ δὲ ὑμεῖς τὴν ἀλήθειαν γράψαται , etc. From v/vi A.D. comes an interesting Christian prayer in P Oxy VI. 9255 φανέρωσόν μοι τὴν παρὰ σοὶ ἀλήθιαν εἰ βούλῃ με ἀπελθεῖν εἰς Χιούτ . The form of the petition closely follows those of paganism.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
the Week of Proper 22 / Ordinary 27