the Week of Proper 22 / Ordinary 27
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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #4291 - προΐστημι
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- to set or place before
- to set over
- to be over, to superintend, preside over
- to be a protector or guardian
- to give aid
- to care for, give attention to
- profess honest occupations
- Book
- Word
- Parsing
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προΐστημι,
fut. -στήσω: aor. 1 προὔστησα, part. προστήσας, inf. προστῆσαι. Causal in these tenses, as also in pres. and aor. 1 Med., set before, once in Hom., προστήσας [σε] πρὸ Ἀχαιῶν Τρωσὶ μάχεσθαι Il. 4.156: c. gen., π. τὸ σῶμα τοῦ σκοποῦ put his body in the way, Antipho 3.2.4 (dub. l.), cf. Plb. 1.33.7 .
2. set over, ὃν ἡ πόλις ἀξιοῖ αὑτῆς προϊστάναι, v.l. for -εστάναι, Pl. La. 197d .
3. exhibit publicly, prostitute, π. ἐπ' οἰκημάτων D.Chr. 7.133 .
II Med., mostly aor. 1, put another before oneself, choose as one's leader, Hdt. 1.123, 4.80: c. gen., προΐστασθαι τουτονὶ ἑαυτοῦ take as one's guardian, Pl. R. 565c, cf. 442a (cj.), 599a, D. 59.37; σφῶν αὐτῶν προὐστήσαντο τιμωρὸν γενέσθαι Κηφίσιον And. 1.139; στρατηγόν τινα τοῦ πολέμου π. D. Prooem. 21 .
2. put before one, put in front, σκίπωνα προστήσασθαι Hdt. 4.172; τὰ ἅρματα X. HG 4.1.18; τὴν χεῖρα, so as to shade the eyes, Arist. Pr. 960a21 .
3. metaph., put forward as an excuse or pretence, use as a screen, τί τάδε προὐστήσω λόγῳ; E. Cyc. 319; τὰ τῶν Ἀμφικτυόνωνδόγματα προστήσασθαι D. 5.19, etc.: c. gen., [ τὴν ἀτυχίαν] τῆς κακουργίας προϊστάμενος Antipho 2.3.1; τοῦ ἀγῶνος τὴν πρὸς ἔμ' ἔχθραν προΐσταται D. 18.15 .
4. προστησώμεθα Τύρταιον put him forward, cite him as an authority, Pl. Lg. 629a .
5. prefer, value above, ὦτα τοῦ νοῦ προστησάμενοι Id. R. 531b .
6. establish a thing before another, τοὺς ἀριθμοὺς τῆς ὑποστάσεως αὐτῶν (sc. τῶν ὄντων ) Plot. 6.6.15, cf. Procl. Inst. 133 .
7. manifest, ib. 195, al. Pass., with aor. 2 Act. προὔστην: pf. προέστηκα, 2 pl. προέστατε Hdt. 5.49; inf. προεστάναι, part. προεστώς (v. infr.): fut. pf. προεστήξομαι, v. infr. 11.2: — aor. Pass. προεστάθην, v. infr. 11.3: —
come forward, v.l. for προς- in D. 60.15 .
2. c.acc., approach as a suppliant, ἥ σε . . λιπαρεῖ προὔστην χερί S. El. 1378; προστῆναι μέσην τράπεζαν dub. in Id. Fr. 660.1 (fort. προσβῆναι ): — in Hdt. 1.86, προσστῆναι is restored.
3. c. dat., stand so as to face another, σοὶ γὰρ αἴας πολέμιος προὔστη ποτέ S. Aj. 1133: — in Hdt. 1.129, προσστάς is restored.
4. stand in public, be a prostitute, Aeschin. Ep. 7.3, Vett. Val. 16.7 .
II c. gen., to be set over, be at the head of, τῆς Ἑλλάδος Hdt. 1.69, 5.49; τῶν Ἀρκάδων τοὺς προεστεῶτας Id. 6.74; esp. to be chief or leader of a party, τῶν παράλων, τῶν ἐκ τοῦ πεδίου, Id. 1.59; τοῦ δήμου Id. 3.82, Th. 3.70, Lys. 13.7; ἡμῶν Ar. V. 419; τῆς πόλεως Th. 2.65; π. αὐτῶν to be their ringleader, X. An. 6.2.9; π. χοροῦ, στρατεύματος, Id. Mem. 3.4.3; π. τῶν πολιτειῶν head the respective parties in the state, Lys. 25.9, etc.: abs., οἱ προεστῶτες, Ion. -εῶτες, the leading men, τῶν σκυθέων Hdt. 4.79, cf. Th. 3.11, etc.; οἱ προεστηκότες ἐν ταῖς πόλεσι X. HG 3.5.1; οἱ ἐν ταῖς πόλεσι προστάντες Th. 3.82; τῷ προεστῶτι καὶ ἄρχοντι Pl. R. 428e .
2. in various relations, govern, direct, οὐκ ὀρθῶς σεωυτοῦ προέστηκας you do not manage yourself well, Hdt. 2.173; π. τῆς μεταβολῆς Th. 8.75; τοῦ ἱεροῦ X. HG 3.2.31; τοῦ ἑαυτοῦ βίου Id. Mem. 3.2.2; τοῦ πράγματος D. 30.18; προεστήξομαι τῆς χωνεύσεως PCair.Zen. 481.9 (iii B. C.); ἐργασίας, τέχνης, Plu. Per. 24, Ath. 13.612a; π. ἐνδόξου καὶ καλῆς αἱρέσεως OGI 219.3 (Ilium, iii B. C. ).
3. stand before so as to guard, οἱ δορυφόροι Μασίστεω προέστησαν Hdt. 9.107, cf. E. Heracl. 306, etc.: hence, support, succour, πρόστητ' ἀναγκαίας τύχης S. Aj. 803; ὁ προστὰς τῆς εἰρήνης the champion of peace, Aeschin. 2.161; πάντων προστᾶσα [δύναμις ] Pl. Ti. 25b; π. τινός to be his protector, GDI 1726.6 (Delph., ii B. C. ), PFay. 13.5 (ii B. C.); τῆς ἐναντίας π. γνώμης Plb. 5.5.8; τοῖσιν ἐχθροῖς προὐστήτην φόνου were the authors of . ., S. El. 980; π. [νόσου ] E. Andr. 221: abs., βέλεα . . ἀρωγὰ προσταθέντα S. OT 206 (lyr.).
προΐστημι: 2 aorist infinitive προστῆναι; perfect participle προεστώς; present middle προισταμαι; from Homer, Iliad 4, 156 down;
1. in the transitive tenses to set or place before; to set over.
2. in the perfect pluperfect and 2 aorist active and in the present and imperfect middle a. to be over, to superintend, preside over (A. V. rule) (so from Herodotus down): 1 Timothy 5:17; with a genitive of the person or thing over which one presides, 1 Thessalonians 5:12; 1 Timothy 3:4f, 12.
b. to be a protector or guardian; to give aid (Euripides, Demosthenes, Aeschines, Polybius): Romans 12:8 ((others with A. V. to rule; cf. Fritzsche at the passage; Stuart, commentary, excurs. xii.)).
c. to care for, give attention to: with a genitive of the thing, καλῶν ἔργων, Titus 3:8, 14; for examples from secular writings see Kypke and Lösner; (some (cf. R. V. marginal reading) would render these two examples profess honest occupations (see ἔργον, 1); but cf. ἔργον, 3, p. 248b middle and Field, Otium Norv. pars iii, at the passage cited).
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προ -ΐστημι ,
[in LXX: 2 Samuel 13:17, Proverbs 23:5; Proverbs 26:17, Isaiah 43:24, Amos 6:10 (no proper Heb. equiv.), Da LXX Bel 1:7, 1 Maccabees 5:19, 4 Maccabees 11:27 *;]
1. trans. in fut., 1 aor., and mid. 1 aor., to put before, set over (Plat., al.).
2. Intrans., in pf., plpf., 2 aor. and mid. Pres. and impf.;
(a) to preside, rule, govern: Romans 12:8, 1 Timothy 5:17; c. gen., 1 Thessalonians 5:12, 1 Timothy 3:4-5; 1 Timothy 3:12;
(b) to direct, maintain: c. gen. rei, καλῶν ἔργων , Titus 3:8; Titus 3:14 (on R, mg., profess honest occupations, v. CGT, in l; Field, Notes, 223 f.).†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
";am before or previously."; Like προτρέπω, this Lucan word (Luke 23:12, Acts 8:9) is found in vernacular sources. Thus in a description of the repair of certain canal dykes, P Lille I. 1 verso.4 (B.C. 259–8), reference is made to the already existing dykes—τῶν δὲ προϋπαρχόντων χωμάτων ἐν τοῖς διαπλευρισμοῖς τούτοις : cf. P Tebt I. 9.3 (B.C. 119) κατασταθεὶς πρὸς [τ ]ῆι προϋπαρχούση [ι ] μοι κωμογραμματείας (l.—είαι), ";on being appointed to the post of komogrammateus previously held by me"; (Edd.), ib. 50.40 (B.C. 112–1) (= Chrest. I. p. 386) ἐκσκάψαι τὸν ὑδραγωγὸν καθὼς προϋπῆρξεν, ";to dig out the conduit as it was before"; (Edd.), and from the inscrr. Syll 462 (=.3526).32 (iii/B.C.) κα [τὰ τ ]οὺς νόμους τοὺς προϋπ [άρχ ]οντας, ib. 928 (= .3679).18 (B.C. 143) στήλην λεύ ]κου λίθου, ἣν καὶ στησάτω πλησίον τῆς προϋπαρχούση [ς ] (sc. στήλης). Vett. Val. p. 283.24 διὰ τὴν προϋπάρχουσαν ἔχθραν.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.