the Week of Proper 21 / Ordinary 26
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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #645 - ἀποσπάω
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- to draw off, tear away
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ἀπο-σπάω, fut. -σπάσω [ᾰ ],
I
1. tear or drag away from, τινός S. Aj. 1024, Pl. R. 491b, etc.; ἀ. τινὰ ἀπὸ γυναικὸς καὶ τέκνων Hdt. 3.1, cf. 102; ἀποσπάσας.. περόνας ἀπ' αὐτῆς S. OT 1268; μή μου τὸ τέκνον ἐκ χερῶν ἀποσπάσῃς E. Hec. 277: rarely ἀ. τινά τι tear a thing from one, S. OC 866; ἀ. τινά tear him away, Hdt. 6.91; ἀ. τι τῆς λείας detach, abstract some of it, Plb. 2.26.8: metaph., ἀ. τινὰ ἐλπίδος S. OT 1432; and reversely also ἀ. τῆς φρενὸς αἵ μοι μόναι παρῆσαν ἐλπίδων Id. El. 809; detach, withdraw, πλήρωμα a gang of labourers, PPetr. 3p.129 (iii B.C.); τινὰ ἀπό τινος BGU 1125.9 (i B.C.), cf. infr. 5; μαθητάς Acts 20:30; ἀ. πολίτας τῆς θαλάσσης Plu. Them. 19; ἀπὸ τοῦ φρονεῖν τινά Ar. Ra. 962: — Med., τὴν μάχην οὕτω μακρὰν τῆς ναυτικῆς βοηθείας Plu. Pomp. 76: — Pass., to be dragged away, detached, separated from, τινός Pi. P. 9.33, E. Alc. 287, etc.; ἐξ ἱροῦ Hdt. 1.160; ἀπὸ τῶν ἱερῶν Th. 3.81; of a bone, to be torn off, Hp. Art. 13; ἀκρώμιον -σπασθέν Id. Mochl. 6.
2. ἀ. τινὰ κόμης drag away by the hair, A. Supp. 909.
3. ἀ. πύλας, θύρας, tear off the gates, doors, Hdt. 1.17, 3.159, etc.: metaph., πινακηδὸν ἀποσπῶν [ῥήματα ] Ar. Ra. 824.
4. ἀ. τὸ στρατόπεδον draw off, divert the army, X. HG 1.3.17: abs., ἀποσπάσας having drawn off, Id. An. 7.2.11: — Pass., of troops, to become separated or broken, Th. 7.80, Plb. 1.27.9.
5. withdraw, reclaim, POxy. 496.9.
6. ἀπεσπασμένος, ὁ, eunuch, LXX Leviticus 22:24.
II intr. (sc. ἑαυτόν), separate (i.e. be separated) from, Ael. NA 10.48, Luc. Icar. 11, D.C. 56.22; and in X. An. 1.5.3 the best Mss. give πολὺ γὰρ ἀπέσπα (for ἀπέπτα) φεύγουσα [στρουθός].
ἀποσπάω, ἀποσπῶ; 1 aorist ἀπέσπασα; 1 aorist passive ἀπεσπασθην; to draw off, tear away: τήν μάχαιραν, to draw one's sword, Matthew 26:51 (ἐκσπαν τήν μάχαιραν (or ῤομφαίαν), 1 Samuel 17:51 (Alex., etc.); σπαν, 1 Chronicles 11:11; Mark 14:47); ἀποσπᾶν τούς μαθητάς ὀπίσω ἑαυτῶν to draw away the disciples to their own party, Acts 20:30 (very similarly, Aelian v. h. 13, 32). Passive reflexively: ἀποσπασθεντες ἀπ' αὐτῶν having torn ourselves from the embrace of our friends, Acts 21:1; ἀπεσπάσθη ἀπ' αὐτῶν he parted, tore himself, from them about a stone's cast, Luke 22:41; cf. Meyer at the passage (In secular authors from (Pindar and) Herodotus down.)
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ἀπο -σπάω , -ῶ ,
[in LXX for H5423: ni., hi., etc.;]
to draw off or away, tear away (MM, s.v.): Acts 20:30; μάχαιραν , draw a sword, Matthew 26:51; pass., to be parted or withdrawn (Field, Notes, 134; but v. Thayer, s.v.), Luke 22:41, Acts 21:1.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
For the use of this verb in Acts 20:30 ἀποσπᾶν τοὺς μαθητὰς ὀπίσω ἑαυτῶν, cf. P Petr III. 43(3).12 (iii/B.C.), ἔγραψάς μοι μὴ ἀποσπάσαι τὸ π [λή ]ρωμα ἐκ Φιλωτερίδος ἕως οὗ τὰ ἔργα συντελέσαι, ";you wrote me not to withdraw the gang (of workmen engaged in the copper mines) from Philoteris before they had finished the work"; (Edd.). ";Withdraw,"; with no suggestion of violence, though with breach of contract, is the sense in numerous formal documents. Thus P Oxy IX. 1206.13 (A.D. 335) in a case of adoption. BGU IV. 1125.9 (B.C. 13), in the indenture of a slave : οὐκ ἀποσπάσω αὐτὸν ἀπὸ σοῦ [ἐντὸ ]ς τοῦ χρόνου. P Oxy II. 275.22 (A.D. 66), where in a contract of apprenticeship a father is not to have the power of removing his son from his master until the completion of the period—οὐκ ἐξόντος τῷ Τρύφωνι ἀποσπᾶν τὸν παῖδα ἀπὸ τοῦ Πτολεμαίου μέχρι τοῦ τὸν χρόνον πληρωθῆναι, so 28 and ib. IV. 724.13 (A.D. 155), also X. 1295.4, .6 (ii/iii A.D.), where a widow threatens to take away her son from a man in whose charge he had been left. Add the illiterate P Gen I. 54.21, [ο ]ὐκ αἰδυνήθημεν ἕνα ἄνθροπον ἀποσπάσαι ἐκεῖθεν, and BGU I. 176.9 (Hadrian). In the marriage contract, P Oxy III. 496.9 (A.D. 127), provision is made that in the event of a separation taking place, the bride shall have the power to ";withdraw"; a certain female slave, who forms part of her dowry—ἐπει [δὰν ]ἡ ἀπαλλαγὴ [γ ]ένηται γ ̣αμ ̣ο ̣υ ̣[μέ ]ν ̣η ̣ sc. ἡ γ. ) μὲν ἀποσπάτω τ ̣ὴ ̣ν ̣ δ [ο ]υ ̣λην, and so .15. Perhaps the verb itself must not be credited with the stronger sense imparted by the context in P Oxy I. 37i. 14 (A.D. 49) λειμανχουμέν [ο ]υ τοῦ σωματ [ί ]ου ἀπέσπασεν ὁ Πεσοῦρις, ";as the foundling was being starved Pesouris carried it off,"; so ii. 1, and still more in ib. 38.9 (A.D. 49–50), ἐπικεχειρηκότος ἀποσπάσαι εἰς δουλαγωγία [ν ] τὸν ἀφήλικά μου υἱόν. The passive, as in Luke 22:41, Acts 21:1, appears in an inscr. from the Fayûm (B.C. 57–6) in Chrest. I. 70.24 (p. 99), οὐ δυνάμενοι δὲ τοῦ ἱεροῦ ἀποσπᾶσθαι, which in Wilcken’s opinion means no more than the detention of these priests in the temple by ritual duties, preventing them from appearing in person. It would seem that the ordinary use of this verb does not encourage the stronger meaning Grimm finds in the Lucan passages, where the RV is adequate. For ἀποσπᾶν c. acc. rei, see Gosp. Petr. 6.1 (ed. Swete), ἀπέσπασαν τοὺς ἥλους.
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