the Week of Proper 22 / Ordinary 27
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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #891 - ἄχρι
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- until, unto, etc.
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did not use
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ἄχρι and ἄχρις
(v. sub fin.):
I Adv.
1. to the uttermost, τένοντε καὶ ὀστέα λᾶας ἀναιδὴς ἄχρις ἀπηλοίησεν Il. 4.522; ἀπὸ δ' ὀστέον ἄχρις ἄραξε 16.324, cf. 17.599.
2. after Hom., before Preps., ἄχρι εἰς Κοτύωρα X. An. 5.5.4; ἄ. ἐς ποταμόν Tab.Heracl. 1.17; ἄχρι πρὸς τὸν σκοπόν, πρὸς τὴν πόλιν, Luc. Nigr. 36, Herm. 24; ἄχρις ἐπ' ἄκνηστιν A.R. 4.1403; ἐπ' ὀστέον IG 12(7).115.9 (Amorgos); ἄχρι ἐπὶ πολὺ τῶν πλευρῶν Thphr. Char. 19.3; ἄχρις ἐς ἠῶ Q.S. 6.177; ἄχρι ὑπὸ τὴν πυγήν Luc. DMort. 27.4: less freq. after the Noun, ἐς τέλος ἄχρις Q.S. 2.617, cf. Nonn. D. 5.153, etc.: rarely c. acc., ἄχρι.. θρόνον ἦλθεν IG 14.2012 (Sulp. Max.): with an Adv., ἄχρι πόρρω still farther, Luc. Am. 12; ἄχρι δεῦρο S.E. M. 8.401.
II Pr with gen., even to, as far as,
1 of Time, until, ἄχρι μάλα κνέφαος until deep in the night, Od. 18.370; ἄχρι τῆς τήμερον ἡμέρας D. 9.28; ἀπὸ τῆς ἀρχῆς ἄχρι τῆς τελευτῆς Id. 18.179; ἄχρι γήρως Apollod.Com. 2; ἄχρι δὲ τούτου until then, Sol. 13.35; ἄχρι τοῦ νῦν Timostr. 1, Romans 8:22; ἄχρι νῦν Luc. Tim. 39, LXX Genesis 44:28; ἄχρι παντός continually, Plu. Cic. 6.
2. of Space, as far as, even to, ἄχρι τῆς ἐσόδου τοῦ ἱροῦ Hdt. 2.138 (who elsewh. has μέχρι) ; ἄ. τῆς ὁδοῦ IG 12.893; ἄ. τῆς πυλίδος SIG 2587.25; ἄ. τοῦ Πειραιῶς D. 18.301; ἔδακνεν ἄχρι τῆς καρδίας Com.Adesp. 475; ἄχρις ἥπατος Ti.Locr. 101a, cf. 100e; ἄχρι τῆς πόλεως D.H. 2.43; ἄ. τοῦ δεῦρο Gal. 10.676: after its case, ἰνίου ἄχρις Euph. 41.
3. of Measure or Degree, ἄχρι τούτου up to this point, D. 23.122; ἄχρι τοῦ μὴ πεινῆν X. Smp. 4.37; ἄχρι τοῦ θορυβῆσαι D. 8.77; ἄ. θανάτου Acts 22:4; ἄχρι τῆς πρὸς τὸν πλησίον δοξοκοπίας Polystr. p.19 W.
III as Conj., ἄχρι, ἄχρις with or without οὗ,
1 of Time, until, so long as, ἄχρι οὗ ὅδε ὁ λόγος ἐγράφετο X. HG 6.4.37; ἄχρις ὅτου Epigr.Gr. 314.24 (Smyrna); ἄχρι οὗ ἄν or ἄχρι ἄν with Subj., ἄχρι ἂν σχολάσῃ till he should be at leisure, X. An. 2.3.2; ἄχρις οὗ ἂν δοκέῃ Hp. Fist. 3; ἄχρις ἂν αἱ ἡμέραι παρέλθωσιν Id. Int. 40; ἄχρι ἂν ἔχῃ τὸ ἴδιον ἐντελές [ἡ ἱστορία ] Luc. Hist.Conscr. 9: without ἄν, ἄχρις ῥεύσῃ Bion 1.47; ἄχρι οὗ τελευτήσῃ (v.l. -σει) Hdt. 1.117; ἄχρι οὗ ἐπιλάμψῃ Plu. Aem. 17; ἄχρι ἄν, c. inf., Epist. Mithr. in SIG 741.37: c. inf. only, ἄχρις ἱκέσθαι ὀστέον Q.S. 4.361.
2. of Space, so far as, διώξας, ἄχρι οὗ ἀσφαλὲς ᾤετο εἶναι X. Cyr. 5.4.16: c. subj., αὐξάνεται εἰς μῆκος, ἄχρι οὗ δὴ ἐφίκηται τοῦ ἡλίου Thphr. HP 5.1.8; cf. μέχρι throughout. — poets use ἄχρι or ἄχρις, as the metre requires: in Ion. μέχρι is preferred (v. supr.): but ἄχρι, -ις are more common in Hom. than μέχρι: the only Att. forms are ἄχρι, μέχρι, before both consonants and vowels, cf. Phryn. 6, Moer. 34; and so in Att. Inscrr. (where it is somewhat less freq. than μέχρι): ἄχρι ἄν with hiatus in IG 2.2729, Hegesipp.Com. 1.26; but ἄχρις Men. Sam. 179. — Never in Trag. (ἄχρι, = ṃṃ-χρι, cf. μέχρι.)
ἄχρι and ἄχρις (the latter of which in the N. T. is nowhere placed before a consonant, but the former before both vowels and consonants, although euphony is so far regarded that we almost constantly find ἄχρι ἧς ἡμέρας, ἄχρις οὗ, cf. Buttmann, 10 (9); (Winer's Grammar, 42); and ἄχρι οὗ is not used except in Acts 7:18 and Revelation 2:25 by L T Tr WH and Luke 21:24 by T Tr WH; (to these instances must now be added 1 Corinthians 11:26 T WH;
1. as a preposition it takes the genitive (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 54, 6), and is used a. of place: Acts 11:5; Acts 13:6; Acts 20:4 (T Tr marginal reading WH omit; Tr text brackets); Acts 28:15; 2 Corinthians 10:13; Hebrews 4:12 (see μερισμός, 2); Revelation 14:20; Revelation 18:5.
b. of Time: ἄχρι καιροῦ, until a season that seemed to him opportune, Luke 4:13 (but cf. καιρός, 2 a.); until a certain time, for a season, Acts 13:11; (ἄχρι (vel μέχρι, which see 1 a.) τοῦ θερισμοῦ, Matthew 13:30 WH marginal reading cf. ἕως, II. 5); ἄχρι ἧς ἡμέρας until the day that etc. Matthew 24:38; Luke 1:20; Luke 17:27; Acts 1:2; (ἄχρι (Rec. et al. ἕως) τῆς ἡμέρας ἧς, Acts 1:22 Tdf.); ἄχρι ταύτης τῆς ἡμέρας and ἄχρι τῆς ἡμέρας ταύτης, Acts 2:29; Acts 23:1; Acts 26:22; ἄχρι (ἄχρις R G) ἡμερῶν πέντε even to the space of five days, i. e. after (A. V. in) five days, Acts 20:6; ἄχρις (ἄχρι T Tr WH) αὐγῆς, Acts 20:11; ἄχρι τοῦ νῦν, Romans 8:22; Philippians 1:5; ἄχρι τέλους, Hebrews 6:11; Revelation 2:26; see besides, Acts 3:21; (Acts 22:22); Romans 1:13; Romans 5:13; 1 Corinthians 4:11; 2 Corinthians 3:14; Galatians 4:2; Philippians 1:6 (ἄχρι L T WH).
c. of Manner and Degree: ἄχρι θανάτου, Acts 22:4 (even to delivering unto death); Revelation 2:10 (to the enduring of death itself); Revelation 12:11; and, in the option of many interpreters, Hebrews 4:12 (see μερισμός, 2).
d. joined to the relative οὗ (ἄχρις οὗ for ἄχρι τούτου, ᾧ) it has the force of a conjunction, until, to the time that: followed by the indicative preterite, of things that actually occurred and up to the beginning of which something continued, Acts 7:18 (ἄχρις οὗ ἀνέστη βασιλεύς);
2. ἄχρις without οὗ has the force of a simple conjunction, until, to the time that: followed by subjunctive aorist, Luke 21:24 R G; Revelation 7:3 L T Tr WH;
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ἄχρι
(and Epic ἄχρις , bef. vowel (v. MM, s.v.), Romans 11:25 T, Galatians 3:19 T, WH, mg., Hebrews 3:13);
1. adv., utterly (Hom.).
2. Prep. c. gen., until, unto, as far as;
(a) of time Acts 3:21; Acts 22:22, Romans 1:13; Romans 5:13, 1 Corinthians 4:11, 2 Corinthians 3:14, Galatians 4:2, Philippians 1:6; ἄ . καιροῦ , Luke 4:13, Acts 13:11; ἄ . ἧς ἡμέρας , Matthew 24:38, Luke 1:20; Luke 17:27, Acts 1:2 (τῆς ἡ . ἧς ), Acts 1:22; ἄ . ταύτης τ . ἡμέρας (τ . ἡ . ταύτης ), Acts 2:29; Acts 23:1; Acts 26:22; ἄ . ἡμερων πέντε , Acts 20:6; ἄ . αὐγῆς , Acts 20:11; ἄ . τοῦ νῦν , Romans 8:22, Philippians 1:5; ἄ . τέλους , Hebrews 6:11, Revelation 2:26;
(b) of space: Acts 11:5; Acts 13:6; Acts 20:4 (R, txt., WH, mg.) Acts 28:15, 2 Corinthians 10:13-14, Hebrews 4:12, Revelation 14:20; Revelation 18:5;
(c) of measure or degree: ἄ . θανάτου , Acts 22:4, Revelation 2:10; Revelation 12:11.
3. As conj., until;
(a) ἄχρι alone: c. subj. aor., Galatians 3:19 (ἄ . οὗ T, WH, mg.); id. without ἄν (Bl., § 65, 10), Revelation 7:3; Revelation 15:8; Revelation 20:3; Revelation 20:5; c. indic. fut., Revelation 17:17;
(b) ἄ . οὗ (i.e. ἄ .. τούτου ᾧ ): c. indic. aor., Acts 7:18; impf., Acts 27:33; c. subj. aor. (Bl., ut supr.), Luke 21:24, Romans 11:25, 1 Corinthians 11:26; 1 Corinthians 15:25, Galatians 3:19, T, WH, mg.; id. with ἄν , Revelation 2:25; c. indic. pres., while, Hebrews 3:13 (cf. μέχρι ).†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
No example of ἄχρις has yet been produced from the Ptolemaic papyri. In the Roman period both forms are found, their usage being apparently determined as a rule by the same considerations of euphony as in the NT. For ἄχρι οὖ cf. P Oxy I. 104.18 (a will, A.D. 96) ἄχρι οὗ ἐκπληρώσωσι ἀργυρίου δραχμαὶ τριακόσιαι , BGU I. 19i. 5 (A.D. 135) ἄχρι οὗ γράψω τῷ κρατίστῳ ἡγεμόνι and P Oxy III. 507.30 (A.D. 169) ἄχρι οὗ ἀποδῶ σοι τὸ κεφάλαιον , etc. Without οὗ , cf. P Oxy III. 491.8 (A.D. 126) οὐ ]δ᾽ ἄλλως ̣ καταχρηματίζειν ἄχρι ἑκάτερος αὐτῶν πληρώσῃ ἔτη εἴκ [οσι πέντε , ib. IX. 1215 (ii/iii A.D.) (please come to me) ἄχρι τὰ πράγματα κατασταλῇ (illit. letter). For ἄχρις ἄν cf. BGU III. 830.13 (i/ A.D.) ἄχρις ἄν σοι ἔλθω , al. Ἄχρι of measure is illustrated by Ostr 1129.5 (A.D. 207) ἄχρι τοῦ ὀψωνίου , P Tebt II. 301.21 (A.D. 190) ἔσχον τούτου [τὸ ἴ ]σον ἄχρι ἐχετάσεως , ";I have received a copy of this for investigation"; (Edd.). With the phrase ἄχρι τον νῦν in Romans 8:22, Philippians 1:5, cf. BGU I. 256.9 (time of Antoninus Pius) μέχρ [ι ] τ [οῦ ] νῦν : ἄχρι is only an ablaut variant of μέχρι —see Brugmann–Thumb, p. 631.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.