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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary
Strong's #907 - βαπτίζω
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βαπτ-ίζω,
1. dip, plunge, ξίφος εἰς σφαγήν J. BJ 2.18.4; σπάθιον εἰς τὸ ἔμβρυον Sor. 2.63: — Pass., of a trephine, Gal. 10.447; βάπτισον σεαυτὸν εἰς θάλασσαν Plu. 2.166a; β. Διόνυσον πρὸς τὴν θάλασσαν ib. 914d: — in Pass., to be drowned, Epict. Gnom. 47; of ships, sink or disable them, Plb. 1.51.6, 16.6.2 (Pass.); ἐβάπτισαν τὴν πόλιν flooded the city, metaph., of the crowds who flocked into Jerusalem at the time of the siege, J. BJ 4.3.3; β. τινὰ εἰσφοραῖς D.S. 1.73; β. τινὰ ὕπνῳ AP 11.49 (Even.); ὕπνῳ βεβαπτισμένος Archig. and Posidon. ap. Aët. 6.3: — Pass., ὡς ἐκ τοῦ βεβαπτίσθαι ἀναπνέουσι Hp. Epid. 5.63; to be drenched, Eub. 68: metaph., βεβαπτισμένοι soaked in wine, Pl. Smp. 176b; ὀφλήμασι βεβ. over head and ears in debt, Plu. Galb. 21; γνοὺς βαπτιζόμενον τὸ μειράκιον seeing that he was getting into deep water, Pl. Euthd. 277d; β. εἰς ἀναισθησίαν καὶ ὕπνον J. AJ 10.9.4; ὁ τῷ θυμῷ βεβαπτισμένος καταδύεται Ach.Tat. 6.19; ψυχή βεβαπτισμένη λύπῃ Lib. Or. 64.115.
2. draw wine by dipping the cup in the bowl, Aristopho 14.5; φιάλαις β. ἐκ.. κρατήρων Plu. Alex. 67.
3. baptize, τινά Mark 1:4; ἐν ὕδατι εἰς μετάνοιαν Matthew 3:11 : — Pass., βαπτισθήτω ἕκαστος εἰς ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν Acts 2:38; εἰς Χριστόν Romans 6:3, etc.: — Med., dip oneself, LXX 4 Ki. 5.14; get oneself baptized, Acts 22:16; 1 Corinthians 10:2 : — Pass., perform ablutions,.Luke 11:38.
βαπτίζω
(< βάπτω ),
[in LXX: 2 Kings 5:14 (H2881), Isaiah 21:4, Judith 12:7, Sirach 31:30 *;]
to dip, immerse, sink;
1. generally (in Polyb., iii, 72, of soldiers wading breast-deep; in i, 51, of the sinking of ships); metaph., to overwhelm (Isa, i.c.; cf. MM, Exp., x); c. cogn. acc, βάπτισμα β ., Mark 10:38-39 Luke 12:50. Mid.,
2. to perform ablutions, wash oneself, bathe (Ki, Jth, Sir, ll c.): Mark 7:4; aor. pass. in same sense, Luke 11:38.
3. Of ablution, immersion, as a religious rite, to baptize;
(a) absol.; Mark 1:4, John 1:25-26; John 1:28; John 3:22-23; John 3:26; John 4:2; John 10:40, 1 Corinthians 1:17; ὁ βαπτίζωι (= ὁ βαπτιστής , M, Pr., 127), Mark 6:14; Mark 6:24; c. acc, John 4:1, Acts 8:38, 1 Corinthians 1:14; 1 Corinthians 1:16; C. cogn acc, τὸ βάπτισμα , Acts 19:4 (cf. Mark 10:38, supr.); pass., to be baptized, receive baptism: Matthew 3:13-16 Mark 16:16, Luke 3:7; Luke 3:12; Luke 3:21; Luke 7:29 (τ . βάπτισμα ) Luke 7:30, Acts 2:41; Acts 8:12-13; Acts 8:36; Acts 9:18; Acts 10:47; Acts 16:15; Acts 16:33; Acts 18:8; mid., Acts 22:16 (M, Pr., 163);
(b) with prepositions: ἐν , of the element, Matthew 3:6; Matthew 3:11, Mark 1:4-5; Mark 1:8, Luke 3:15, John 1:26; John 1:31; John 1:33; John 3:23, Acts 1:5; Acts 2:38; Acts 10:48; Acts 11:16, 1 Corinthians 10:2; εἰς , of the element, purpose or result (Lft., Notes, 155), Matthew 3:11; Matthew 28:19, Mark 1:9, Acts 8:16; Acts 19:3; Acts 19:5, Romans 6:3, 1 Corinthians 1:13; 1 Corinthians 1:15; 1 Corinthians 10:2; 1 Corinthians 12:13, Galatians 3:27; c. dat., ὕδατι , Luke 3:16, Acts 1:5; Acts 11:16; ὑπὲρ τῶν νεκρῶν , perh. to fulfil the wish of a dead friend, 1 Corinthians 15:29 (v. ICC, in l; cf. DB, 1, 238 ff.; DCG, i, 169a; ii, 605b; Cremer, 126).†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
As late as iv/A.D. the word is used in a magic papyrus, P Lond 46.69 (= I. p. 67) of a ";submerged"; boat—ἀπὸ νεναυαγηκ (ότος ) πλοίου ἀπὸ πάκτωνος βεβαπτισμ (ένου ). Lucian Timon 44 makes the Misanthrope threaten ὠθεῖν καὶ ἐπὶ κεφαλὴν βαπτίζοντα . So in a fragment of Epictetus (Stobaeus no. 47—Schenkl p. 474), quoted by D. S. Sharp, Epictetus and the NT, p. 66, ὥσπερ οὐκ ἂν ἐβούλου ἐν νηῒ μεγάλῃ καὶ γλαφυρᾷ καὶ πολυχρύσῳ πλέων βαπτίζεσθαι . With its use to express ceremonial ablution—as Luke 11:38 and the new Gospel-fragment P Oxy V. 840.15 μ [ή ]τε μὴν τῶν μαθητῶν σου τοὺς π [όδας βα ]πτισθέντων —we may compare another magic papyrus P Lond 121.441 (iii/A.D.) (= I. p. 98) λουσάμενος καὶ βαπτισάμενος . Our earliest quotation is from P Par 47.13 (c. B.C. 153) (= Selections, p. 22) κἂν ι ̣̔̓δῇς ὅτι μέλλομεν σωθῆναι , τότε βαπτιζώμεθα . The translation of the letter, which is very illiterate, is by no means clear, but βαπτιζόμεθα must mean ";flooded,"; or overwhelmed with calamities. That the word was already in use in this metaphorical sense (cf. Diod. i. 73. 6), even among uneducated people, strikingly illustrates our Lord’s speaking of His Passion as a ";baptism"; (Mark 10:38).
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
the Second Week after Easter