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Bible Lexicons
Old Testament Hebrew Lexical Dictionary Hebrew Lexicon
Strong's #2320 - חֹדֶשׁ
- Brown-Driver-Briggs
- Strong
- the new moon, month, monthly
- the first day of the month
- the lunar month
- Book
- Word
did not use
this Strong's Number
2151) sdh (ההדסה HhDSh) AC: Renew CO: New moon AB: New: The first crescent of the moon as the renewal of the moon, the first day of the month. [from: dh- restoration]
V) sdh (ההדסה HhDSh) - Renew: To make something like new through repair, restoration, or replacement. KJV (10): (vf: Hitpael, Piel) renew, repair - Strongs: H2318 (חָדַשׁ)
Nm) sdh (ההדסה HhDSh) - New: Something that is new, renewed, restored or repaired. KJV (54): new, fresh - Strongs: H2319 (חָדָשׁ), H2323 (חֲדָת)
gm) sdfh (ההודסה HhWDSh) - New moon: The first crescent of the moon as the renewal of the moon, the first day of the month. KJV (276): month, new moon, monthly - Strongs: H2320 (חֹדֶשׁ)
Jeff Benner, Ancient Hebrew Research Center Used by permission of the author.
1 new moon = day, time, of new moon, as religious festival 1 Samuel 20:5,18,24,27,34 (Dr); compare ׳יאֹכְלֵם ח Hosea 5:7 a new moon shall devour them, Hi St VB, but on text see We; usually "" שַׁבָּת Amos 8:5; 2 Kings 4:23; Isaiah 1:13 (+ קְרֹאמִקְרָא), מִדֵּי חֹדֶשׁ בְּחָדְשׁוֺ Isaiah 66:23, Ezekiel 46:1,6 (both ׳יוֺם הַח), 1 Chronicles 23:31; 2 Chronicles 2:3; 2 Chronicles 8:13; 31:3; Nehemiah 10:34 (all + מוֺעֵד), Hosea 2:13; Ezekiel 45:17 (both + חג, מועד); "" מוֺעֵד alone Isaiah 1:14; Ezekiel 3:5; "" יוֺם חַגֵּנוּ Psalm 81:4; (compare ׳ראֹשׁ הַח Numbers 10:10; Numbers 28:11; on religious observance of new moon compare Di Lv p. 578 f Benz Archäol. § 69); as time of augury in Babylon (astrological prognostication) Isaiah 47:13.
2 month (as beginning with new moon, lunar month; compare Benz Archäol. § 30, but then, without reference to day of beginning);
a. as measure of time during which Genesis 38:24 (J), Numbers 11:20,21 (JE), Numbers 9:22 (P), Judges 11:37,38,39; Judges 20:47; 1 Samuel 6:1; 1 Samuel 27:7; 2 Samuel 2:11; 2 Samuel 5:5; 2 Samuel 6:11; 2 Samuel 24:8,13 = 1 Chronicles 21:12; Amos 4:7; 1 Kings 4:7; 1 Kings 5:7; 1 Kings 5:28 (3t. in verse); 1 Kings 11:16; 2 Kings 15:8; 2 Kings 23:31; 2 Kings 24:8; Ezekiel 39:12,14; 1 Chronicles 3:4; 1 Chronicles 13:14; 2 Chronicles 36:2,9; Esther 2:12 (3t. in verse). In 1 Samuel 10:27b read probably כְּמֵחֹדֶשׁ for ᵑ0כמחרישׁ, and join to 1 Samuel 11:1, so ᵐ5 We Dr (compare Genesis 38:24); in combinations, יָמִים׳ח a month (of) time (compare יֶרַח ימים Deuteronomy 21:1; 2 Kings 15:13) Genesis 29:14 (J), Numbers 11:20,26 (JE), ׳ימים ארבעה ח Judges 19:2; of age ׳מִסְמַּרחֿ number of his months =length of his life Job 14:5; Job 21:21; compare especially ׳בֶּןחֿ Leviticus 27:6; Numbers 3:15,22,28,34,39,40,43; Numbers 18:16; Numbers 26:22 (all P).
b. calendar months, (1) with names הָאָבִיב׳ח Exodus 13:4; Exodus 23:15; Exodus 34:18 (twice in verse) (all J E; = 1st month Exodus 12:2 P), Deuteronomy 16:11; זִו׳ח 1 Kings 6:1 ( = 2nd mo. ib.; = יֶרַח זִו 1 Kings 6:37); compare 1 Kings 8:2 (הַשְּׁבִיעִי׳הַח = יֶרַךְ הָאֵתָנִים), 1 Kings 6:38 (הַשְּׁמִינִי׳הַח = יֶרַח בּוּל); in the post-exilic books occur Babylonian names (see the several words): — נִיסָן׳ח Nehemiah 2:1; Esther 3:7 ( = 1st mo. Esther 3:7); סִיוָן׳ח Esther 8:9 = 3rd mo.; כִּסְלֵו׳ח Zechariah 7:1; Nehemiah 1:1 ( = 9th mo. Zechariah 7:1); טֵבֵ֑ת׳ח Esther 2:16 = 10th mo.; שְׁבָט׳ח Zechariah 1:7 = 11th mo.; אֲדָר׳ח Esther 3:7,13; Esther 8:12; Esther 9:1 in all = 12th mo., Esther 9:15,17,19,21; (compare also אֱלוּל Nehemiah 6:15, without ׳ח or יֶרַךְ; this was 6th mo.; see further Schr COT Nehemiah 1:1 Benz l.c.). (2) merely numbered (chiefly P and late) e.g. הַשֵּׁנִי׳בַּח Genesis 7:11, compare Genesis 8:4,5,14; Leviticus 16:29; Numbers 1:1,18 (all P) + often P; Deuteronomy 1:3 (P), 1 Kings 12:32; 1 Kings 12:33; 1 Kings 25:1; 1 Kings 25:3; 1 Kings 25:8; 1 Kings 25:25; 1 Kings 25:27; Jeremiah 1:3 11t. Jeremiah; Ezekiel 24:1; Ezekiel 32:1; Haggai 1:1,15; Zechariah 1:1; Zechariah 7:1,13; 1 Chronicles 12:15, compare entire list 1 Chronicles 27:2-15; 2 Chronicles 3:2 12t. 2Chronicles; Ezra 3:1 10t. Ezra; Nehemiah 7:72; Nehemiah 8:2,14; Esther 3:12; note especially הַזֶּה לָכֶם ראֹשׁ חָדָשִׁ֑ים רִאשׁוֺן הוּא לָכֶם׳הַח Exodus 12:2 (P), as implying that the 1st mo. was formerly not in the spring; observe also usage of omitting ׳ח, e.g. בָּרִאשׁוֺן = ׳הָר׳בַּח Genesis 8:13, compare Genesis 8:5; so commonly in Ezek.: — Ezekiel 1:1; Ezekiel 8:1; Ezekiel 20:1; Ezekiel 29:1,17; Ezekiel 30:20; Ezekiel 31:1; Ezekiel 33:21; Ezekiel 45:18,21,25 + Ezekiel 26:1; Ezekiel 32:17; Ezekiel 45:20 Co; (׳ח sometimes expressed, see Ezekiel 24:1; Ezekiel 32:1 above; on like usage with יום see יום). (3) special phrases and usages are: — עֹלַת חֹדֶשׁ בְּחָדְשׁוֺ לְחָדְשֵׁי שָׁנָה Numbers 28:14 (P; compare יום, and Isaiah 66:23 above
1); מִיּוֺם לְיוֺם וּמֵחֹדֶשׁ לְחֹדֶשׁ Esther 3:7 from day to day and from month to month; חָדְשָׁהּ Jeremiah 2:24 of wild she-ass's mating time.
חֹדֶשׁ m. [suff. חָדְשׁוֹ, plur. חֳדָשִׁים] the new moon, the day of the new moon, the calends of a lunar month which was a festival of the ancient Hebrews, Numbers 29:6; 1 Samuel 20:5, 18:24 Exodus 19:1, בַּתֹדֶשׁ הַשְּׁלִישִׁי “on the third calends” (the third new moon), i.e. the first of the third lunar month. Hosea 5:7, עַתָּה יאֹכְלֵם חֹדֶשׁ “now shall a new moon devour them,” i.e. they shall be destroyed at the time of the new moon.
(2) a lunar month, beginning at the new moon. Genesis 8:5; Exodus 13:5, etc. חֹדֶשׁ יָמִים the period of a month (see יָמִים ). Genesis 29:14; Numbers 11:20, 21 Numbers 11:21.
(3) [Hodesh], pr.n. f., 1 Chronicles 8:9.