Ulangan 16:18

Bahasa Indonesia Sehari-hari

"Hakim-hakim dan petugas-petugas haruslah kauangkat di segala tempat yang diberikan TUHAN, Allahmu, kepadamu, menurut suku-sukumu; mereka harus menghakimi bangsa itu dengan pengadilan yang adil.

Parallel Translations

Alkitab Terjemahan Baru
"Hakim-hakim dan petugas-petugas haruslah kauangkat di segala tempat yang diberikan TUHAN, Allahmu, kepadamu, menurut suku-sukumu; mereka harus menghakimi bangsa itu dengan pengadilan yang adil.

Alkitab Terjemahan Lama
Arakian, maka hendaklah kamu angkat akan orang menjadi hakim dan pegawai dalam segala pintu gerbangmu, yang akan dikaruniakan Tuhan, Allahmu, kepadamu, di antara segala suku bangsa kamu, maka mereka itupun akan menghukumkan orang banyak itu dengan hukum yang adil.

Contextual Overview

¹⁸ Iudges and officers shalt thou make thee in all thy cities which the Lorde thy God geueth thee throughout thy tribes, and they shall iudge the people with iust iudgement. ¹⁹ Wrest not thou the lawe, nor knowe any person, neither take any rewarde: for giftes do blinde the eyes of the wise, & peruert the wordes of the righteous. ²⁰ That which is iust and ryght shalt thou folowe, that thou mayst lyue, and enioy the lande which the Lorde thy God geueth thee. ²¹ Thou shalt plant no groue of any trees neare vnto the aulter of the Lord thy God, which thou shalt make thee. ²² Thou shalt set thee vp no piller: which the Lorde thy God hateth.

Bible Verse Review
  from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge

Judges: Deuteronomy 1:15-17, Deuteronomy 17:9, Deuteronomy 17:12, Deuteronomy 19:17, Deuteronomy 19:18, Deuteronomy 21:2, Exodus 18:25, Exodus 18:26, Exodus 21:6, 1 Chronicles 23:4, 1 Chronicles 26:29, 2 Chronicles 19:5-11, Psalms 82:2, Psalms 82:3, Romans 13:1-6

in all thy gates: This expression may refer to the gate of the city, as the forum or place of public concourse among the Israelites, where a court of judicature was held, to try all causes and decide all affairs. The same practice obtained among other Eastern nations. The Ottoman court, it is well known, derived its appellation of the Porte, from the distribution of justice and the dispatch of public business at its gates. And the square tower which forms the principal entrance to the Alhamra, or red palace of the Moorish kings of Grenada, retains to this day the appellation of the Gate of judgment, from its having been the place where justice was at one period summarily administered.

Reciprocal: Exodus 5:6 - officers Exodus 18:21 - able men Exodus 21:22 - as the judges Exodus 22:8 - the judges Exodus 22:9 - the cause of both parties Numbers 11:16 - officers Deuteronomy 1:16 - Hear Deuteronomy 20:5 - the officers Deuteronomy 21:19 - and bring Deuteronomy 25:1 - General Ruth 4:1 - to the gate 1 Samuel 8:1 - made his 2 Samuel 23:3 - must be just 1 Kings 21:8 - the elders 2 Kings 10:1 - the rulers 2 Chronicles 19:7 - taking of gifts Ezra 7:25 - set magistrates Job 29:7 - General Psalms 58:1 - Do Psalms 69:12 - They Proverbs 31:9 - General Proverbs 31:23 - in the Jeremiah 22:3 - Execute Lamentations 5:14 - elders Ezekiel 18:8 - hath executed Amos 5:12 - in the Micah 3:1 - Is it Zechariah 7:9 - saying Matthew 21:33 - husbandmen Luke 20:9 - husbandmen John 7:24 - General John 8:11 - Neither

Gill's Notes on the Bible

Judges and officers shall thou make thee,.... Judges were fixed in the sanhedrim, or court of judicature, and those that have lawsuits come before them; officers are masters of the staff and whip, and they stand before the judges, and go into markets, streets, and shops, to order the weights and measures, and to smite all that do wrong; and all they do is by order of the judges; so Maimonides s: the qualifications of judges to be chosen and constituted by the people are thus described by him. In the sanhedrim, greater or lesser, they place only men wise and understanding, expert in the wisdom of the law, and masters of great knowledge, and that know some of the other sciences, as medicine, arithmetic, astronomy, and astrology, the ways of soothsayers, diviners, and wizards, and the vanities of idolatry, that they may know how to judge them; and they set in the sanhedrim only priests, Levites, and Israelites, who are genealogized; nor do they set an old man there, nor an eunuch, nor a king, but an high priest, if he is qualified with wisdom; and they must be free from blemishes, and of a good stature and appearance, and understand many languages, and not hear by an interpreter; and though all this was not precisely required of the sanhedrim of three judges, yet these same things ought to be in everyone of them, wisdom, and meekness, and fear, and hatred of money, and love of truth, and love of men, and to be of a good report t and these were to be placed in

all thy gates which the Lord thy God giveth thee throughout thy tribes; that is, in every city, as Onkelos, and so Jarchi; and usually the courts of judicature were held in the gates of cities, and it was only in the land of Israel, not without it, that they were obliged to set up courts of judicature, as Maimonides u observes; who also asks, how many courts were fixed in Israel, and what the number they consisted of? to which he answers, they fixed at first the great court in the sanctuary, and it was called the great sanhedrim, and its number were seventy one; and again, they set up two courts of twenty three, one at the door of the court, and the other at the door of the mountain of the house (and so in the Misnah) w; and they set up in every city in Israel, in which were one hundred and twenty (men or families) or more, a lesser sanhedrim, which sat in the gate, and their number were twenty three judges; in a city in which there were not one hundred and twenty, they placed three judges, for there is no court less than three x:

and they shall judge the people with just judgment; give a right and just sentence in all cases that come before them, according to the laws of God, and the rules of justice and equity.

s Hilchot Sanhedrin, c. 1. sect. 1. t Ib. c. 2. sect. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. u Ib. c. 1. sect. 2. w Sanhedrin, c. 10. sect. 2. x Ib. sect. 3, 4.

Barnes' Notes on the Bible

These verses are closely connected in subject with the following chapter, and introduce certain directions for the administration of justice and the carrying on of the civil government of the people in Canaan. During the lifetime of Moses, he himself, especially inspired and guided by God, was sufficient, with the aid of the subordinate judges (compare Exodus 18:13 ff), for the duties in question. But now that Moses was to be withdrawn, and the people would soon be scattered up and down the land of Canaan, regular and permanent provision must be made for civil and social order and good government.

Deuteronomy 16:21

A grove ... - Render, Thou shalt not plant for thee any tree as an idol: literally as an Asherah,” “i. e.” an image of Astarte or Ashtaroth, the Phoenician goddess (compare Deuteronomy 7:5 note, Deuteronomy 7:13 note). The word is rendered “grove” by the King James Version also in Deuteronomy 7:5; Deuteronomy 12:3; Exodus 34:13; Judges 6:25, but cannot be maintained, for the word is connected with various verbs which are quite inapplicable to a grove. The wooden idol in question was the stem of a tree, stripped of its boughs, set upright in the ground, and rudely carved with emblems.

Clarke's Notes on the Bible

Verse Deuteronomy 16:18. Judges and officers shalt thou make — JUDGES, שפטים shophetim, among the Hebrews, were probably the same as our magistrates or justices of the peace. OFFICERS, שטרים shoterim, seem to have been the same as our inquest sergeants, beadles, &c., whose office it was to go into the houses, shops, &c., and examine weights, measures, and the civil conduct of the people. When they found any thing amiss, they brought the person offending before the magistrate, and he was punished by the officer on the spot. They seem also to have acted as heralds in the army, Deuteronomy 20:5. See also Rab. Maimon in Sanhedrin. In China, for all minor offences, the person when found guilty is punished on the spot, in the presence of the magistrate or mandarin of justice.