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Bible Commentaries
Verse 1
began. See note on Mark 1:1 .
by = in. Greek. en App-104 . as in Mark 12:36 .
man . Greek. anthropos . App-123 .
set an hedge = placed a fence.
winefat . Occurs only here in N.T. = a wine-vat. "Fat" is from A.S. foet = a vessel (compare Dutch vatten = to catch). Northern Eng. for vat.
tower = watch-house. See note on Matthew 21:33 .
let it out , &c. See note on Matthew 21:33 .
huabandmen = vine-dressers.
went into a far country = went abroad. See note on Matthew 21:33 .
Verse 2
at the season. The fourth year after planting it; no profit till then. See Leviticus 19:23 , Leviticus 19:24 .
to. Greek. pros. App-104 .
servant = bond-servant.
from. Greek. para. App-104 . Not the same word as in verses: Mark 12:25 , Mark 12:34 .
of = from. Greek. apo. App-104 . Same word as in Mark 12:38 ; not the same as in Mark 12:44 . This shows that part of, or the whole rent was to be paid in kind. See note on "let it out", Matthew 21:33 .
Verse 3
caught = took.
Verse 4
unto. Greek. pros. App-104 . As in verses: Mark 12:6 , Mark 12:13 , Mark 12:18 .
another. Greek. allos App-124 .
at him, &c. = him they stoned. This word "stoned" is omitted by all the texts.
sent him away shamefully handled. L T Tr. WH R with Syriac read "insulted him".
Verse 5
many others. All these were "His servants the prophets" up to John the Baptist. Supply the Ellipsis from Mark 12:4 thus: "Many others [He sent, whom they used shamefully], beating some and killing some".
beating. = scourging.
Verse 6
therefore. Omitted by [L] T Tr. A WH R with Syriac.
his = his own.
wellbeloved = beloved. App-135 .
last. A Divine supplement, here.
reverence = have respect to.
Verse 8
killed him . As the Lord had already revealed to the disciples (Mark 10:32-34 ).
out = outside.
Verse 9
shall = will.
the lord. Implying and leading up to the interpretation. App-98 . A.
unto others . The new Israel, as foretold in Isaiah 66:7-14 .
others . Greek. Plural of' allos . App-124 .
Verse 10
have ye not read . ? See, App-143 .
not = not even. Greek. oude. Compound of ou . See App-105 .
The Stone, &c. Quoted from Psalms 118:22 . Compare Acts 4:10-12 . See App-107 .
is = this is.
Verse 11
This was , &c. = this was from Jehovah (Greek. para. App-104 .)
the LORD ' S = Jehovah's. App-98 . B. a.
in. Greek. en . App-104 . Same word as in tiro. 23, -25, 26-, 35, 38, 39. Not the same as in verses: Mark 12:12 , Mark 12:14 ; Mar 12:-26 .
Verse 12
for = because.
knew = came to know, or perceived. Greek ginosko. See App-152 . Not the same word as in verses: Mark 12:14 , Mark 12:15 , Mark 12:24 .
against. Greek pros. App-104 .
Verse 13
Pharisees . App-120 .
to catch = that they might catch.
catch . Greek. agreuo = to take in hunting: hence, to ensnare. In Matthew 22:15 it is pagideuo = to ensnare ("entangle "). Both are Divine supplementary render ings of the same Aramaic word: Matt. giving the result of the hunting. Neither of the two words occurs elsewhere.
words = discourse. Greek logos. See note on Mark 9:32 .
Verse 14
Master. Teacher. As in Mark 12:19 , Mark 12:32 . App-98 . Mark 12:1 .
we know. Greek oida. See App-132 .
for = about, or concerning. Greek. peri . App-104 .
no man = no one. Greek oudeis, a compound of ou. App-105 .
for = because.
regardest not = lookest ( App-133 .) not (Greek. ou . App-105 ) on (Greek. eis. App-104 .)
God. Greek. Theos. App-98 .
in = with. Greek. epi. App-104 .
tribute . Occurs only here and in Matthew 17:25 with Matthew 22:17 , Matthew 22:19 . See notes there.
not. Greek. me . App-105 . Not the same word as in verses: Mark 12:10 , Mark 12:15
Verse 15
Shall we give , &c. A Divine supplement, here.
not . Greek me. App-105 . Same word as in Mark 12:24 . Not the same as in verses: Mark 12:10 , Mark 12:14 , Mark 12:34; Mark 12:34 ,
penny = denarion . See note on Matthew 22:19 . App-51 .
Verse 16
image , &c. See note on Matthew 22:20 .
Verse 17
Jesus. App-98 .
answering said. Hebrew idiom. See note, on Deuteronomy 1:41 .
marvelled = were wondering. T WH R read "wondered beyond measure" (exehaumasan, instead of ethaumasan, with Authorized Version L Tr. A and Syriac.)
Verse 18
Sadducees. (No Article.) See App-120 .
which = they who. Greek. hoitines, marking them as a class characterized by this denial.
no. Greek. me . App-105 . As in Mark 12:19 ; not the same as in verses: Mark 12:20 , Mark 12:22 , i.e. they denied it subjectively.
asked = questioned.
Verse 19
Moses . See note on Mark 1:44 and Matthew 8:4 .
If, &c . Deuteronomy 25:5 , Deuteronomy 25:6 . Assuming a simple hypothesis. See App-118 .
Verse 20
no . Greek. ou. App-105 . Some as in Mark 12:22 ; not the same as in verses: Mark 12:18 , Mark 12:19 .
Verse 21
neither. Compound of ou. App-105 .
Verse 22
woman died also = woman also died.
Verse 23
had = gat.
Verse 24
Do ye not . ? Figure of speech Erotesis ( App-6 ), for emphasis.
therefore = on account of (dia. App-104 .Mark 12:2; Mark 12:2 ) this; referring to the reasons about to be stated in the next two clauses.
know. Greek. oida. App-132 .
neither . Greek. mede. A compound of me . App-105 .
power = (inherent) power, App-172 .
Verse 26
And as touching = But concerning. Greek. peri. App-104 .
the dead = dead bodies, or corpses. With Art. See App-139 . Not the same as in Mark 12:27 .
in the bush = at (Greek. epi. App-104 .) the place concerning the bush: i.e. the passage about it in Exodus 3:6 . Compare Romans 11:2 "in Elijah"; see note there.
I and, &c. Quoted from Exodus 3:2-6 , and. Note the Figure of speech Polysyndeton. App-6 .
Verse 27
the dead = dead people. Not the same as in Mark 12:26 . No Art. See App-139 .
the living: i.e. those who live again in resurrection. See note on Matthew 9:18 . Therefore they must rise. This is the only logical conclusion of the Lord's argu ment. The whole subject is resurrection.
Ye , Note the emphasis on this pronoun. This clause is a Divine supplement, here.
Verse 28
came = came up; or came to [Him].
perceiving. Greek. oida . App-132 .
well = admirably, finely.
asked = questioned.
Which = Of what nature.
the first, &c. = the first of all the commandments.
Verse 29
Hear, O Israel, &c. Quoted from Deuteronomy 6:4 , Deuteronomy 6:5 .
The LORD. . . LORD = Jehovah . . . Jehovah. App-98 .
one . See note on Deuteronomy 6:4 .
Verse 30
love . See App-135 .
with = out of, or from. Greek. ek. App-104 .
all thy = thy whole.
and. Note the Figure of speech Polysyndetom. App-6 .
soul . Greek. psuche . App-110 .
this (is] the first commandment. Note (in the Greek) the Figure of speech Homoeoteleuton ( App-6 ), for emphasis: haute, prote, entole .
Verse 31
Thou shalt , &o. Quoted from Leviticus 19:18 .
neighbour = the one near. Compare Matthew 5:43 .Luke 10:27 , Luke 10:29 , Luke 10:36 ,
none , &c = not (Greek. ou . App-105 .) another commandment greater.
Verse 32
Mark 12:32-34 are a Divine supplement, here.
Well = "Right", or as we say "Good".
the truth = according to (Greek. epi . App-104 .) the truth: i.e. truthfully. App-175 .
for = that.
there is one God. All the texts read "that He is One "(omitting the word "God").
but He = besides Him.
Verse 33
understanding = intelligence. Greek. sunesis = a putting together. Not the same word as in Mark 12:30 , which is dianoia = mind, the thinking faculty.
more , &c. Compare 1 Samuel 15:22 .
Verse 34
discreetly = judiciously. Greek nounechos. Occurs only here in N. T,
from = away from. Greek. apo App-104 .
the kingdom of God . See App-114 .
Verse 35
while He taught in the temple . See App-156 .
Christ = the Messiah. (With Art.) See Matthew 1:1 . App-98 .
the son of David . See App-88 .
Verse 36
David himself. These are the Lord's words. He did not "accept the current view", but He spake from the Father Himself. See Deuteronomy 18:18 . John 7:16 ; John 8:28 ; John 8:46 , John 8:47 ; John 12:49 ; John 14:10 , John 14:24 ; John 17:8 . This settles the authorship of Psalms 110:0 .
said. Quoted from Psalms 110:1 . Midway between Abraham and Messiah, this Psalm was given to David.
the Holy Ghost. See App-101 .
my Lord. App-98 . A. e. The same as Hebrew. Adonai. See App-4 .
on = at. Greek ek App-104 .
till I make . See note on Matthew 22:44 ,
make = shall have set.
Verse 37
Lord. App-98 . B. b.
the common people = the great crowd. Indicating numerical, not social, distinction.
Verse 38
doctrine = teaching.
Beware = take heed. App-133 .
of = away from (Greek. apo . App-104 .): i.e. take heed [and keep] away from. Not the some word as in Mark 12:44 .
love = desire, or will to. Greek. thelo. App-102 .
go = walk about.
long clothing = robes. Greek. stolais.
Verse 39
chief seats . See note on Matthew 23:6 .
uppermost rooms = first couches or places.
at = in. Greek. en. App-104 . Not the same as in. Mark 12:17 .
Verse 40
devour = eat up. Being occupied in making wills and conveyances of property, they abused their office.
greater damnation = heavier judgment.
Verse 41
Mark 12:41-44 is parallel with Luke 21:1-4 . See notes there.
the treasury. Situated in the women's court, occupying about 200 feet square, and surrounded by a colonnade. Inside, against the wall, were thirteen receptacles, called "trumpets" (from their shape) nine being for legal dues, and four for voluntary contributions. All labelled for their special objects.
beheld = observed thoughtfully. Greek. theoreo. App-133 .
cast = are casting.
money = copper money; called prutah, two of which made a farthing.
into. Greek. eis. App-104 .
cast in = were casting [in] (as He looked on),
much = many [coins]. Referring to number, not to value.
Verse 42
a certain poor widow = one poor widow.
threw = cast, as above,
mites. Pl, of lepton = the small thin Jewish copper coin (from leptos = peeled, or pared down). Occ only here, and Luke 12:59 ; Luke 21:2 . See App-51 .
a farthing. Greek. kodrantes. A [Roman] quadrans ; i.e. a fourth, being a fourth of the Roman " as ". Hence a fourthing = our farthing. Occurs only here, and Matthew 5:26 . See App-51 .
Verse 44
of = out of. Greek ek. App-104 .
want = destitution.
all = the whole.
that = as much as.
living = life. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Effect), App-6 , for the means whereby her life was supported: i.e. her livelihood. Greek. bios. See App-170 .
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Bullinger, Ethelbert William. "Commentary on Mark 12". "Bullinger's Companion bible Notes". https://www.studylight.org/
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