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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #1128 - γυμνάζω
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- to exercise naked (in a palaestra or school of athletics)
- to exercise vigorously, in any way, either the body or the mind
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this Strong's Number
γυμν-άζω,
fut. -άσω: aor. ἐγύμνασα A. Ag. 540: pf. γεγύμνακα Id. Pr. 586 (lyr.): — Med., (v. infr.): — Pass., aor. ἐγυμνάσθην [ D. ] 61.43: pf. γεγύμνασμαι (v. infr.): (γυμνός): —
I
1. train naked, train in gymnastic exercise: generally, train, exercise, τὸ σῶμα, τὴν ψυχήν, Isoc. 2.11; ἑαυτὸν καὶ τοὺς ἵππους X. An. 1.2.7; ἑαυτὸν πρός τι Arr. Epict. 2.18.27: c. inf., γ. τοὺς παῖδάς τι ποιεῖν train or accustom them to do a thing, X. Cyr. 1.6.32; γ. τινά τινι accustom him to it, ib. 1.2.10; τινὰ περί τι Isoc. 10.5; teach rhetoric, Phld. Rh. 2.50S.: — Med., exercise for oneself, practise, γυμνάσασθαι τέχνην Pl. Grg. 514e; τὰ περὶ τὰς διαίτας Str. 14.2.19; γυμνάσιον τὸ εἰωθός Ael. VH 5.6; practise gymnastic exercises, Thgn. 1335, Hdt. 7.208, Th. 1.6. etc.; δρόμῳ IG 4.955.8 (ii A. D.), etc.; generally, practise, ναῦς -ομένας X. HG 1.1.16; of a disputer, Arist. Top. 108a13, etc.: — Pass., ὁ γεγυμνασμένος the trained or practised orator, opp. ὁ εὐφυής, Id. Rh. 1410b8; γεγυμνάσθαι πρός τι, ἔντινι, be trained or practised for or in a thing, Pl. Lg. 626b, 635c; περὶ τὰ ὅπλα γυμνάζεσθαι X. HG 6.5.23: c. acc., τὰ πρὸς τὰς πολεμικὰς πράξεις γεγυμνασμένοι τὰς ἕξεις.. Arist. Pol. 1319a22; θήραν Philostr. VA 3.9: c. gen., γεγ. θαλάττης, πολέμων, σοφίας, Id. Her. 2.15, 3.1, 10.1; καρδία γεγ. πλεονεξίας τινί 2 Peter 2:14; also ὕδωρ ὑπὸ συνεχῶν πληγῶν γεγ. καὶ κεκαθαρμένον J. AJ 3.1.2.
2. prepare, βιβλίδιον PFlor. 338.4 (iii A. D.).
II metaph.,
1. wear out, harass, ἄδην με.. πλάναι γεγυμνάκασι A. Pr. 586; ἔρως πατρῴας τῆσδε γῆς σ' ἐγύμνασε Id. Ag. 540; κρυμὸς.. πλευρὰ γυμνάζει χολῆς, of pleurisy, E. Fr. 682: — Pass., τοὺς ὑπερμήκεις δρόμους.. γυμνάζεται A. Pr. 592.
2. investigate, Sammelb. 5941.12 (Pass., vi A. D.).
III = cross γυμνόω, PSI 1.70 (Pass., vi A. D.).
γυμνάζω; (perfect passive participle γεγυμνασμενοσ'; (γυμνός); common in Greek writings from Aeschylus down;
1. properly, to exercise naked (in the palaestra).
2. to exercise vigorously, in any way, either the body or the mind: ἑαυτόν πρός εὐσέβειαν, of one who strives earnestly to become godly, 1 Timothy 4:7; γεγυμνασμενος exercised, Hebrews 5:14; Hebrews 12:11; καρδίαν γεγυμνασμένην πλεονεξίας (Rec. πλεονεξίαις), a soul that covetousness or the love of gain has trained in its crafty ways, 2 Peter 2:14; cf. Winer's Grammar, § 30, 4.
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** γυμνάζω
(< γυμνός ),
[in LXX: 2 Maccabees 10:15*;]
1. properly, to exercise naked.
2. Generally, to exercise, train the body or mind: 1 Timothy 4:7, Hebrews 5:14; Hebrews 12:11, 2 Peter 2:14.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
The metaphorical use of this word, as in 1 Timothy 4:7, may be illustrated from the popular philosophy of the day—Epict. i. 26. 3 πρῶτον οὖν ἐπὶ τῆς θεωρίας γυμνάζουσιν ἡμᾶς οἱ φιλόσοφοι , ii. 18. 27 οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ ταῖς ἀληθείαις ἀσκητὴς ὁ πρὸς τὰς τοιαύτας φαντασίας γυμνάζων ἑαυτόν . In PSI I. 93.6 (iii/A.D.) πολλὰ συνεγυμνάσθην πρὸς αὐτούς is presumably, ";I had a good bout with"; certain ἐπίτροποι . So BGU II. 615.25 (ii/A.D.) συ [ν ]γυμνάσθητι ἐ [μ ]πίροις , τί δι᾽ ἡμᾶς πρᾶξε . For the literal sense cf. Syll 804.8 (ii/A.D.) δρόμῳ γυμνάζεσθαι , etc. Ib. 523.28 (iii/B.C.) ὅπως δὲ ἐπιμελῶς ἐν τοῖς μαθήμασιν γυμνάζωνται οἵ τε παῖδες καὶ οἱ ἔφηβοι , τὸν παιδονόμον καὶ τὸν γυμνασίαρχον ἐπιμελεῖσθαι —τὰ μουσικὰ μανθάνειν has occurred just before—shows the beginnings of its extension. P Flor III. 338.4 (iii/A.D.) εὐσεβὲς τὸ πρᾶγμα ποιεῖς , ἐὰν ποιήσῃς τὸ βιβλίδιον ἐκεῖνο ὡς ἐγύμνασα αὐτὸ σύν σοι ἐν τῇ πόλει —the ";practising"; of this petition by the two anxious ἀδελφοί is suggestive. The verb is unchanged in MGr, and still = ";practise.";
[Supplemental from 1930 edition]
γυμνάζω = ";discuss"; = cf. P Flor III. 338.4 (iii/A.D.) έγύμνασα αὐτὸ σύν σοι ἐν τῇ πόλει , and P Lond V. 1717.22 (c. A.D. 560–573).
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.