Consider helping today!
Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary
Strong's #1344 - δικαιόω
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- Book
- Word
- Parsing
δῐκαι-όω, Ion. impf. ἐδικαίευν Hdt. 1.100: fut. -ώσω Orac. ap. eund. 5.92. β, Th. 5.26; -ώσομαι Id. 3.40: aor. ἐδικαίωσα Id. 2.71: — Pass., fut. -ωθήσομαι LXX Si. 18.2: aor. ἐδικαιώθην A. Ag. 393 (lyr.): pf. δεδικαίωμαι LXX Ezekiel 21:13(18).
I set right, νόμος.. δικαιῶν τὸ βιαιότατον Pi. Fr. 169.3; δικαιωθείς proved, tested, A. l. c.
II hold or deem right, claim or demand as a right, c. inf., Hdt. 1.89, 133, Hp. Fract. 31; δεινά με δικαιοῖ δρᾶν S. OT 640, cf. 575; δικαιοῦντες μὴ ἀφαιρεθῆναι αὐτήν Th. 2.41: with inf. omitted, οὕτω δ. (sc. γενέσθαι) Hdt. 9.42; δίκας δ. (sc. γενέσθαι) ib. 93; ὅποι ποτὲ θεὸς δικαιοῖ S. Ph. 781; οὐκ ὀρθῶς δ. Th. 5.26; pronounce judgement, Id. 2.71: c. inf., ἐδικαίωσεν ἀποδοῦναι ἡμᾶς τὸ κεφάλαιον PRyl. 119.14 (i A. D.); consent, δουλεύειν Hdt. 2.172, cf. 6.86; οὐκ ἐδικαίου οὐδένα οἱ ἐσαγγεῖλαι he would not allow.. Id. 3.118: — Pass., τὸ δικαιωθὲν ὑπό τινος that which is ordained, D.H. 10.1.
III do a man right or justice: hence,
1 chastise, punish, Hdt. 1.100: — Pass., Id. 3.29, Pl. Lg. 934b, D.C. Fr. 57.47; pass sentence on, ὑμᾶς αὐτοὺς δικαιώσεσθε Th. 3.40.
2. Pass., also, have right done one, opp. ἀδικεῖσθαι, Arist. EN 1136a18.
3. pronounce and treat as righteous, justify, vindicate, LXX Exodus 23:7, Jeremiah 3:11; ἑαυτούς Luke 16:15, etc.: — freq. in Pass., ib. 7.35, etc.
δικαιόω , -ῶ
(< δίκαιος ),
[in LXX chiefly for H6663 pi., hi., (1) as Ezekiel 16:51, Jeremiah 3:11 (cf. NT usage); (2) as Deuteronomy 25:1; Exodus 23:7, Isaiah 50:8;]
1. in cl.,
(a) c. acc rei, to deem right;
(b) c. acc pers., to do one justice; pass., δικαιοῦσθαι , to be treated rightly, opp. to ἀδικεῖσθαι .
2. In NT, as in LXX, and as usual with verbs in -όω from adjectives of moral meaning;
(1) to show to be righteous: Matthew 11:19, Luke 7:35, Romans 3:4 (LXX), 1 Timothy 3:16;
(2) to declare, pronounce righteous: Luke 7:29; Luke 10:29; Luke 16:15; Luke 18:14, Romans 2:13; Romans 3:24; Romans 3:26; Romans 3:28; Romans 4:5; Romans 8:30; Romans 8:33, Titus 3:7; seq. ἀπό , Matthew 11:19, Luke 7:35, Acts 13:39, Romans 6:7; ἐκ πίστεως , Romans 3:30; Romans 5:1, Galatians 2:16; Galatians 3:8; Galatians 3:24; ἐξ ἔργων , Romans 3:20 (LXX) Romans 4:2, Galatians 2:16, James 2:21; James 2:24-25; ἐκ τ . λόγων , Matthew 12:37; διὰ τ . πίστεως , Romans 3:30; c. dat., Romans 3:24; Romans 3:28, Titus 3:7; seq. ἐν , Acts 13:39, Romans 3:4; Romans 5:9, 1 Corinthians 4:4; 1 Corinthians 6:11, Galatians 2:17; Galatians 3:11; Galatians 5:4, 1 Timothy 3:16 (v. Cremer, 193, 693; DB, ii, 826 ff.).†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
δικαιόω is used in a general sense ";think or deem right"; in P Giss I. 47.16 (time of Hadrian) with reference to a girdle (παραζώνιον) of which a man reports—ἀλλ᾽ οὐδ ̣ὲ ἐδικαίωσα ἀγοράσαι ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι δυνάμενον, ";I did not think it right to purchase it, seeing that it is liable to be rejected."; In P Ryl II. 119.14 (A.D. 54–67) the reference is to awarding a verdict in the courts : ἐδικαίωσεν ἀποδοῦναι ἡμᾶς τὸ κεφάλαιον καὶ ἀνακομίσασθαι τὴν ὑποθήκην, ";he decided that we should repay the capital sum and recover the mortgage,"; etc. The case was before a δικαιοδότης, and the verb gives an interesting contemporary illustration of Paul’s usage. From the same century comes P Tebt II. 444 τὰ δ [ιὰ ] τῆς συνγραφῆς δετακιομένα κεφάλαι (l. δεδικαιωμένα κεφάλαια), ";the sums fixed [declared just] by the contract."; The spelling may be taken as evidence that the word was good vernacular! Add the fragmentary P Oxy III. 653 (A.D. 162–3), where the Praefect refers to a trial before the Chiliarch—ὃν μεταπέμπειν δικα ̣[ιο ]υ ̣̑μεν. For the force of ἐδικαιώθη in 1 Timothy 3:16 Dibelius (HZNT ad l.) compares the use of the verb in the mystery-religions, e.g. Reitzenstein Poimandres 13.9 (p. 343) ὁ βαθμὸς οὗτος, ὦ τέκνον, δικαιοσύνης ἐστὶν ἕδρασμα. χωρὶς γὰρ κρίσεως ἰδὲ πῶς τὴν ἀδικίαν ἐξήλασεν. ἐδικαιώθημεν, ὦ τέκνον, ἀδικίας ἀπούσης, where δικαιοῦσθαι refers to ";die Wesensänderung, die im Mysterium mit dem Mysten vergeht (nahezu = ἐθεώθημεν)."; So ";Christus ward der Sphäre der ἀδικία entrückt, in die Himmelswelt emporgehoben, erhöht und vergottet.";
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
the Third Week after Epiphany