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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary
Strong's #1651 - ἐλέγχω
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ἐλέγχω,
Od. 21.424, etc.: fut. ἐλέγξω Ar. Nu. 1043, etc.: aor. ἤλεγξα Il. 9.522, etc.: — Pass., fut. ἐλεγχθήσομαι Antipho 2.4.10, X. Mem. 1.7.2: aor. ἠλέγχθην Antipho l.c., Pl. Grg. 458a, etc.: pf. ἐλήλεγμαι Id. Lg. 805c: 3 sg. ἐλήλεγκται Antiphol.c. (ἐξ-ηλεγμένοι is f.l. in Lys. 6.44): plpf. ἐξ-ελήλεγκτο D. 32.27: —
I disgrace, put to shame, μῦθον ἐ. treat a speech with contempt, Il. 9.522; ἐ. τινά put one to shame, Od. 21.424. — This usage is only
II
1. cross-examine, question, Hdt. 2.115, Pl. Revelation 18:1-24 d, etc.; μὴ 'λεγχε τὸν πονοῦντα A. Ch. 919; φύλαξ ἐλέγχων φύλακα S. Ant. 260; τί ταῦτ' ἄλλως ἐλέγχεις; Id. OT 333, cf. 783; ἔλεγχ', ἐλέγχου Ar. Ra. 857; ἐ. τινὰ περί τινος Id. Pl. 574; ἕνεκά τινος Antiph. 207.10; τὰς ἀρχὰς βασάνοις χρώμενοι ἐλεγχόντων Pl. Lg. 946c: c. acc. et inf., accuse one of doing, E. Alc. 1058: — Pass., to be convicted, Hdt. 1.24, 117; ἐλεγχόμενοι εἴ τι περιγένοιτο τῶν χρημάτων D. 35.36, cf. Pl. Prt. 331c, 331d: with part., ἐλεγχθεὶς διαφθείρας Antipho 2.3.9, cf. 2.4.10; ἐλεγχθήσεται γελοῖος ὤν X. Mem. 1.7.2.
2. test, bring to the proof, ἀνδρῶν ἀρετὰν παγκρατὴς ἐλέγχει ἀλάθεια B. Fr. 10.2; πρᾶγμ' ἐ. A. Ag. 1351 (Pass., τὸ πρᾶγμ' ἐλεγχθέν Ar. Ec. 485); λόγον Pl. Sph. 242b (Pass., Id. Tht. 161e): with subject. clause, ἐ. τινά, εἰ.., A. Ch. 851, Ar. Eq. 1232.
3. prove, τοῦτο ἐ. ὡς.. Pl. Phdr. 273b, cf. Sph. 256c: abs., bring convincing proof, ὡς ἡ ἀνάγκη ἐ. Hdt. 2.22; αὐτὸ τὸ ἔργον ἐ. Th. 6.86; περί τινος D. 21.5.
4. refute, confute, τινά or τι, Pl. Grg. 470c, al., D. 28.2, Luc. Nigr. 4: — Pass., Pl. Tht. 162a; χρυσὸς κληῖδας ἐλέγχει proves that they avail not, AP 5.216 (Paul. Sil.). put right, correct, prove by a reductio ad impossibile, ὅσα ἔστιν ἀποδεῖξαι, ἔστι καὶ ἐλέγξαι τὸν θέμενον τὴν ἀντίφασιν τοῦ ἀληθοῦς Arist. SE 170a24; παράδοξα ἐ. Id. EN 1146a23.
5. get the better of, στρατιὰν ὠκύτατι ἐ. Pi. P. 11.49, cf. D.P. 750, Him. Or. 1.16.
6. expose, τινὰ ληροῦντα Pl. Tht. 171d, cf. X. Mem. 1.7.2, M.Ant. 1.17; betray a weakness, Democr. 222.
7. decide a dispute, ἀνὰ μέσον τῶν δύο LXX Genesis 31:37.
ἐλέγχω ,
[in LXX chiefly for H3198 hi.;]
1. in Hom., to treat with contempt.
2. to convict: c. acc, Matthew 18:15 (RV, show him his fault), Titus 1:9; seq. περί , John 8:46; John 16:8, Judges 1:15; pass., James 2:9.
3. to reprove, rebuke: 1 Timothy 5:20, 2 Timothy 4:2, Titus 1:13; Titus 2:15, Revelation 3:19; pass., seq. περί , Luke 3:19; ὑπό , Hebrews 12:5 (LXX).
4. to expose: Ephesians 5:11; pass., John 3:20, 1 Corinthians 14:24 (RV reprove, mg. convict), Ephesians 5:13 (RV, as 1 Co, l.c., of. AR on Ephesians 5:11; MM, Exp., xii; cf. ἐξ -, δια -κατ -ελέγχομαι ).†
SYN: ἐπιτιμῶ G2008, expressing simply rebuke, which may be undeserved (Matthew 16:22) or ineffectual (Luke 23:40), while ἐλ . implies rebuke which brings conviction (v. Tr., Syn., § iv).
ἔλεγχος , -ου , ὁ
(ἐλέγχω ),
[in LXX: freq. in Pr, Jb (H3198) Wisdom of Solomon 5:1-23, Sirach 3:1-31, etc.;]
a proof, test: Hebrews 11:1.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
For the meaning ";convict,"; i.e. bring to light the true character of a man and his conduct, as in the Fourth Gospel (John 3:20; John 8:46; John 16:8), see the citation from BGU IV. 1138 s.v. ἔλεγχος, and cf. P Amh II. 33.34 (c. B.C. 157) ἐὰν δέ τις τῶν καταβλαπτόντων τὰς προσόδους ἐλεγχθῆι συνηγορήσας περὶ πράγματός τινος, αὐτόν τε πρὸς ἡμᾶς μετὰ φυλακῆς ἐπιστείλατε, ";if any of these who are injuring the revenues is in the future convicted of having acted as advocate in any case, send him to us under arrest"; (Edd.), P Strass I. 41.31 (A.D. 250) οἵτι ]νες δύνανται ἐκείνους ἐλέγξαι. In a Lycian inscr. JHS xxxiv. p. 14, No. 18.20 we find ὁ ἐλένξας = ";the prosecutor."; For the milder sense ";expose,"; ";set forth,"; which best suits this word in 1 Corinthians 14:24, Ephesians 5:11 (where see Robinson’s note), cf. such a passage from the vernacular as P Hib I. 55.3 (B.C. 250) παραγενοῦ εἰς Ταλαὼν ἤδη ἄγων καὶ τὸν ποιμένα τὸν ἐλέγξοντα περὶ ὧν μοι εἶπας, ";come to Talao at once, and bring with you the shepherd in order that he may give evidence in the matter about which you told me"; (Edd.) : see also P Oxy II. 237viii. 40 (A.D. 186) ἵν᾽ εἴ τις γένοιτο ζήτησις εἰς ὕστερον περὶ τῶν μὴ δεόντως ἀπογραψαμένων ἐξ ἐκείνων ἐλεγχθῶσ ̣ι ̣, ";may supply the proofs."; In ib.vii. 83 we have κ ̣α ̣ι ̣, ἐκέλευ [σε ]ν δι ̣̕ [ἑρ ]μ ̣η ̣νέως αὐτὴν ἐνεχθῆν ̣[α ]ι, τ ̣ι ̣ βούλεται, where the editors understand ἐνεχθῆναι as a corruption of ἐλεγχθῆναι and translate ";and he ordered that she should be asked through an interpreter what was her choice"; : cf. P Tebt II. 297.17 (c. A.D. 123) ἔγραψας τῷ στρατηγῷ ἐ ̣λ ̣[έγξαν ]τα δηλῶσαί σοι, ";you wrote to the strategus to make an inquiry, and state the facts to you"; (Edd.).
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
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