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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #1939 - ἐπιθυμία
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- desire, craving, longing, desire for what is forbidden, lust
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ἐπιθῡμ-ία,
Ion. -ιη, ἡ,
I
1. desire, yearning, ἐ. ἐκτελέσαι Hdt. 1.32; ἐπιθυμίᾳ by passion, opp. προνοίᾳ, Th. 6.13: generally, appetite, Pl. Cra. 419d, etc.; αἱ κατὰ τὸ σῶμα ἐ. Id. Phd. 82c; esp. sexual desire, lust, Democr. 234 (pl.), Pl. Phdr. 232b, etc.; αἱ πρὸς τοὺς παῖδας ἐ. X. Lac. 2.14.
2.. c. gen., longing after a thing, desire of or for it, ὕδατος, τοῦ πιεῖν, Th. 2.52, 7.84, etc.; τοῦ πλέονος Democr. 224; τῆς τιμωρίας Antipho 2.1.7; τῆς μεθ' ὑμῶν πολιτείας And. 2.10; τῆς παρθενίας Pl. Cra. 406b; εἰς ἐ. τινὸς ἐλθεῖν Id. Criti. 113d; ἐν ἐ. τινὸς εἶναι Id. Prt. 318a, Tht. 143e; γεγονέναι Id. Lg. 841c; εἰς ἐ. τινὸς ἀφικέσθαι θεάσασθαι Id. Ti. 19b; ἐ. τινὸς ἐμβαλεῖν τινί X. Cyr. 1.1.5; ἐ. ἐμποιεῖν ἔς τινα an inclination towards.., Th. 4.81.
II. = ἐπιθύμημα, object of desire, ἐπιθυμίας τυχεῖν Thalesap. Stob. 3.1.172, cf. Lync. ap. Ath. 7.295a; ἀνδρὸς ἐ., of woman, Secund. Sent. 8; πενήτων ἐ., of sleep, prob. in ib. 13.
ἐπιθυμία, ἐπιθυμίας, ἡ (ἐπιθυμέω) (from Herodotus on), the Sept. chiefly for תַּאֲוָה, אַוָּה, חֲמוּד; desire, craving, longing: Luke 22:15 (on which sevin ἐπιθυμέω, at the end); Revelation 18:14; τήν ἐπιθυμίαν ἔχειν εἰς τί, the desire directed toward, Philippians 1:23; ἐν πολλή ἐπιθυμία with great desire, 1 Thessalonians 2:17; plural αἱ περί τά λοιπά ἐπιθυμίαι, Mark 4:19 (Winers Grammar, § 30, 3 N. 5); specifically, desire for what is forbidden, lust (Vulg. concupiscentia): Romans 7:7; James 1:14; 2 Peter 1:4; πάθος ἐπιθυμίας, 1 Thessalonians 4:5; ἐπιθυμία κακῇ, Colossians 3:5 (Proverbs 21:26; (Proverbs 12:12); Plato, legg. 9, p. 854 a.; πονηρά, Xenophon, mem. 1, 2, 64; ἀγαθή, Sir. 14:14 where see Fritzsche (who cites also Proverbs 11:23; Proverbs 13:12)); plural, Galatians 5:24; 1 Timothy 6:9; 2 Timothy 2:22; 2 Timothy 4:3; 1 Peter 1:14; 1 Peter 4:2; with a genitive of the object, ἐπιθυμία μιασμοῦ, for unclean contact, 2 Peter 2:10 (others with Winer's Grammar, § 34, 3 b. take μιασμοῦ as the genitive of quality); with a genitive of the subject, αἱ ἐπιθυμίαι τῶν καρδιῶν, Romans 1:24; with a genitive of the thing by which the desire is excited, ἡ ἐπιθυμία τοῦ κόσμου, 1 John 2:17; τοῦ σώματος, Romans 6:12; τῆς ἀπάτης (see ἀπάτη), Ephesians 4:22; τῆς σαρκός, τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν, 1 John 2:16 (cf. Huther ad loc.); 2 Peter 2:18; τέλειν σαρκός, Galatians 5:16; αἱ σαρκικαι ἐπιθυμίαι, 1 Peter 2:11 (ψυχικαί, σωματικαί, 4 Macc. 1:32); αἱ κοσμικαι ἐπιθυμίαι, Titus 2:12; εἰς ἐπιθυμίας to arouse lusts, Romans 13:14; ποιεῖν τάς ἐπιθυμίας, John 8:44; ὑπακούειν ταῖς ἐπιθυμίαις, Romans 6:12 (L T Tr WH); δουλεύειν ἐπιθυμίαις (see δουλεύω, 2 b.), Titus 3:3; ἄγεσθαι ἐπιθυμίαις, 2 Timothy 3:6; πορεύεσθαι ἐν ἐπιθυμίαις, 1 Peter 4:3; πορεύεσθαι κατά τάς ἐπιθυμίας, Jude 1:16, 18; 2 Peter 3:3; ἀναστρέφεσθαι ἐν ταῖς ἐπιθυμίαις τῆς σαρκός, Ephesians 2:3. (Synonym: cf. πάθος, and see Trench, § lxxxvii.)
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ἐπιθυμία , -ας , ἡ
(< έπιθυμέω ),
[in LXX chiefly for H8378, H183; also for H2531, etc.;]
desire, longing: Luke 22:15 (see ἐπιθυμέω ), Philippians 1:23, 1 Thessalonians 2:17, Revelation 18:14; p1., Mark 4:19; esp. with ref. to forbidden things, desire, lust (Vg., concupiscentia): Romans 7:7-8, James 1:14-15, 2 Peter 1:4; pl., Galatians 5:24, 1 Timothy 6:9, 2 Timothy 2:22; 2 Timothy 4:3, 1 Peter 1:14; 1 Peter 4:2; πάθος ἐπιθυμίας , 1 Thessalonians 4:5; ἐ . κακή , Colossians 3:5; c. gen., μιασμοῦ , 2 Peter 2:10 (v. Mayor, in l); τ . καρδιῶν , Romans 1:24; τ . κόσμου (aroused by the world), 1 John 2:17; τ . σώματος , Romans 6:12; τ . ἀπάτης , Ephesians 4:22 (v. ICC, in l); τ . σαρκός , 1 John 2:16, 2 Peter 2:18 (without art.), Galatians 5:16; τ . ὀφθαλμῶν , 1 John 2:16; σαρκικαὶ ἐ ., 1 Peter 2:11 (cf. 4 Maccabees 1:32); κοσμικαί , Titus 2:12; εἰς ἐπιθυμίας , Romans 13:14; ποιεῖν τὰς ἐ ., John 8:44; ὑπακούειν ταῖς ἐ ., Romans 6:12; δουλεύειν , ἄγεσθαι , ἐπιθυμίαις , Titus 3:3, 2 Timothy 3:6; πορεύειθαι ἐν ἐ ., 1 Peter 4:3; κατά , Judges 1:16; Judges 1:18, 2 Peter 3:3; ἀναστρέφεσθαι ἐν ταῖς ἐ ., Ephesians 2:3.†
SYN.: πάθος G3806 (q.v.), ὄρεξις G3715.
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
ἐπιθυμία in the widest sense of ";desire,"; which Hort finds even in James 1:14, may be illustrated from P Giss I. 79 iii. 16 (c. A.D. 117) δι᾽ ἣν ἕξομεν εὐω [νεῖν κατ᾽ ἐπ ]ιθυμίαν σου, ";and then we shall be able to buy cheaply in accordance with your desire"; (ἀθυμέω = ";draw back,"; ";hesitate,"; occurs in the same document : see s.v.), BGU III. 970.25 (ii/A.D.) μεταδῶναί μοι ἀντίρρησιν. . . πρὸς τὴν ἰδίαν ἐπιθυμίαν, and Syll 366.12 (c. A.D. 38) ἀ (λ)είπτοις (";steadfast";) ἐκείνου τῆς ἐπιθυμίας βουλήμασιν. See also the iii/A.D. love-spell from Hadrumetum edited by Deissmann BS, p. 273 ff., where the forsaken husband is described as.7 f—ἐρῶντα μαινόμενον ἀγρυπνο [ῦν ]τα ἐπὶ τῇ φιλίᾳ αὐτῆς καὶ ἐπιθυμίᾳ, ";loving, frantic, sleepless with love and desire for her.";
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.