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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #2281 - θάλασσα
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- the sea
- used of the sea in general
- used specifically of the Mediterranean Sea or the Red Sea
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- Parsing
did not use
this Strong's Number
θάλασσα
[θᾰ], Att. θᾰλᾰμ-ττα IG 12.57 (but θάλασσα 22.236 (338/7 B.C.)), ἡ: —
1. sea, Il. 2.294, etc.: freq. of the Mediterranean sea, ἥδε ἡ θ. Hdt. 1.1, 185, 4.39, etc.; ἡ παρ' ἡμῖν θ. Pl. Phd. 113a; ἡ θ. ἡ καθ' ἡμᾶς Plb. 1.3.9; ἡ ἐντὸς καὶ κ. ἡ. λεγομένη θ. Str. 2.5.18; ἡ ἔσω θ. Arist. Mu. 393b29; ἡ ἔξω θ., of the Ocean, Id. Mete. 350a22; ἡ Ἀτλαντικὴ θ. Id. Mu. 392b22; ἡ μεγάλη θ. Plu. Alex. 73; of a salt lake, Arist. Mete. 351a9; ἐς θάλασσαν τὴν τοῦ Εὐξείνου πόντου Hdt. 2.33; πέλαγος θαλάσσης A.R. 2.608; κατὰ θάλασσαν by sea, opp. πεζῇ, Hdt. 5.63; opp. κατὰ γῆς, Th. 7.28 codd.; κατά τε γῆν καὶ κατὰ θ. Pl. Mx. 241a; χέρσον καὶ θ. ἐκπερῶν A. Eu. 240; τῆς θ. ἀνθεκτέα ἐστί one must engage in maritime affairs, Th. 1.93; οἱ περὶ τὴν θ. sea -faring men, Arist. HA 598b24, cf. Pol. 1291b20; θ. καὶ πῦρ καὶ γυνὴ — τρίτον κακόν Men. Mon. 231, cf. 264: metaph., κακῶν θ a sea of troubles, A. Th. 758 (lyr.); ὁ Κρὴς τὴν θ. (sc. ἀγνοεῖ), of pretended ignorance, Suid.
2. sea-water, ἔστω ἐν χαλκῷ ἡ θ. Hp. Coac. 427, cf. Diph.Siph. ap. Ath. 3.121d, Moschio ib. 5.208a, Plb. 16.5.4, Dsc. 2.83.
3. well of salt water, said to be produced by a stroke of Poseidon's trident, in the Acropolis at Athens, Hdt. 8.55; θ. Ἐρεχθηΐς Apollod. 3.14.1.
4. channel, LXX 1 Kings 18:32.
5. χαλκῆ θ. laver, ib. 2 Samuel 8:8.
6. θ. κοίλη wooden theatre, Paus.Gr. Fr. 208 (= Com.Adesp. 864). — For the Lacon. form σάλασσα, v. θαλασσομέδων.
θάλασσα (cf. Buttmann, 7), θαλάσσης, ἡ (akin to ἅλς (better, allied to ταράσσω etc., from its tossing; cf. Vanicek, p. 303); the Sept. for יָם) (from Homer down), the sea; (on its distinction from πέλαγος see the latter word);
a. universally: Matthew 23:15; Mark 11:23; Luke 17:2, 6; Luke 21:25; Romans 9:27; 2 Corinthians 11:26; Hebrews 11:12; James 1:6; Jude 1:13; Revelation 7:1-3, etc.; ἐργάζεσθαι τήν θαλασσην (see ἐργάζομαι, 2 a.), Revelation 18:17; τό πέλαγος τῆς θαλάσσης (see πέλαγος, a.), Matthew 18:6; joined with γῆ and οὐρανός it forms a periphrasis for the whole world, Acts 4:24; Acts 14:15; Revelation 5:13; Revelation 10:6 (L WH brackets);
b. specifically used (even without the article, cf. Winers Grammar, 121 (115); Buttmann, § 124, 8b.) of the Mediterranean Sea: Acts 10:6, 32; Acts 17:14; of the Red Sea (see ἐρυθρός), ἡ ἐρυθρᾷ θάλασσα, Acts 7:36; 1 Corinthians 10:1; Hebrews 11:29. By a usage foreign to native Greek writings (cf. Aristotle, meteor. 1, 13, p. 351a, 8 ἡ ὑπό τόν Καυκασον λίμνη ἥν καλοῦσιν οἱ ἐκεῖ θαλατταν, and Hesychius defines λίμνη: ἡ θάλασσα καί ὁ ὠκεανός) employed like the Hebrew יָם (e. g. Numbers 34:11), by Matthew, Mark, and John (nowhere by Luke) of the Lake of Γεννησαρέτ (which see): ἡ θάλασσα τῆς Γαλιλαίας, Matthew 4:18; Matthew 15:29; Mark 1:16; Mark 7:31 (similarly Lake Constance,der Bodensee, is called mare Suebicum, the Suabian Sea); τῆς Τιβεριάδος, John 21:1; τῆς Γαλιλαίας τῆς Τιβεριάδος (on which twofold genitive cf. Winers Grammar, § 30, 3 N. 3; (Buttmann, 400 (343))), John 6:1; more frequently simply ἡ θάλασσα: Matthew 4:15, 18; Matthew 8:24, 26f, 32; Matthew 13:1, etc.; Mark 2:13; Mark 3:7; Mark 4:1, 39; Mark 5:13, etc.; John 6:16-19, 22, 25; John 21:7. Cf. Furrer in Schenkel ii. 322ff; (see Γεννησαρέτ).
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θάλασσα , -ης , ἡ ,
[in LXX chiefly for H3220;]
the sea: Matthew 23:15, Mark 11:23, Luke 21:25, Romans 9:27, Hebrews 11:12, James 1:6, Judges 1:13, Revelation 7:1, al.; τὸ πέλαγος τῆς θ . (v. Tr., ut infr.), Matthew 18:6; ὁ οὐρανὸς κ . ἡ γῆ κ . ἡ θ ., of the whole world, Acts 4:24, al. (Haggai 2:7); θ . ὑαλίνη , Revelation 4:6; Revelation 15:2; of the Mediterranean, Acts 10:6; Acts 10:32; Acts 17:14; of the Red Sea, ἐρυθρὰ θ ., Acts 7:36, 1 Corinthians 10:1-2, Hebrews 11:20; of an inland lake (as Heb. H3220), θ . τ . Γαλιλαίας , Matthew 4:18; Matthew 15:29, Mark 1:16; Mark 7:31; τ . Τιβεριάδος , John 21:1; τ . Γ . τ . T., John 6:1; of the same, simply ἡ θ ., Matthew 4:15, Mark 2:13, al.
SYN.: πέλαγος G3989, the vast expanse of open water"; θ ., "the sea as contrasted with the land" (Tr., Syn., xiii).
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
BGU II. 423.7 (ii/A.D.) (= Selections, p. 90) εὐχαριστῶ τῷ κυρίῳ Σεράπιδι, ὅτι μου κινδυνεύσαντος εἰς θάλασσαν (cf. 2 Corinthians 11:26) ἔσωσε, P Oxy VII. 1067.29 (iii/A.D.) ἀγόρασόν μοι ὀψαρίδιον ἐκ τῆς θαλάσσης (cf. John 21:10), and from the inscrr. Michel 372.11 (ii/B.C.) ἐργα [ζ ]όμενός τε κατὰ θάλασσαν ἐργασίαν, ib. 521.10 (ii/B.C.) κατὰ γῆς καὶ κατὰ θαλάσσας. For references to ἡ ἐρυθρὰ θάλασσα, as in Ac 7.86, Hebrews 11:29, cf. P Grenf I. 9.3 (iii/B.C.) ἐρ ]υθρᾶι θαλάσσηι, OGIS 186.5 (B.C. 62) ὁ συγγενὴς καὶ ἐπιστράτηγος καὶ στρατηγὸς τῆς Ἰνδικῆς καὶ Ἐρυθρᾶς θαλάσσης, ib. 190.9 (B.C. 51) ἐπὶ τῆς Ἰνδικῆς καὶ Ἐρυθρᾶς θαλάσσης : cf. also the intr. to P Ryl 11. 66 (late ii/B.c.). For the adj. θαλάττ (–σσ –)ιος, see P Oxy 1. 87.7 (A.D. 342) θαλαττίου ναυκληρίου, ";a sea-going vessel,"; ib. X. 1288.6 (iv/A.D.) εἰς διαγραφὴν πλύου θαλασσίας τιτ ̣έσματος (l. πλοίου θαλασσίου τελέσματος ̣ (?) ) (τάλ.) θ ̄, ";in payment for a sea-vessel, for charges 9 tal."; (Edd.), and for ἐπιθαλάσσιος, P Rev Lxciii . 5 (B.C. 258) ἐπιθαλασσίαν. In 3 Kings 18.32, 35, 38 θάλασσα is used = ";channel,"; doubtless because of its similarity in sound to the Heb. תְּעָלָה : see Thackeray Gr. i. p. 37
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