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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #3075 - λυμαίνομαι
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- to affix a stigma to, to dishonour, spot, defile
- to treat shamefully or with injury, to ravage, devastate, ruin
- Book
- Word
- Parsing
λῡμαίνομαι
(A), (λῦμα A) cleanse from dirt, of fullers, Hp. Vict. 1.14; v. ἀπολυμαίνομαι.
λῡμ-αίνομαι
(B), fut. λῡμᾰνοῦμαι Isoc. 11.49, D. 24.1, etc.: aor. ἐλῡμηνάμην Hp. VM 20 (v.l. - αίνετο), Hdt. 8.28, E. Andr. 719, Isoc. 20.12, etc.: also with pass. forms, part. λυμανθέν A. Ch. 290: pf. λελύμασμαι (3 sg. λελύμανται D. 9.36, 21.173); part. - ασμένος X. HG 7.5.18, D. 45.27; inf. λελυμάνθαι Id. 20.142, PPetr. 3p.57 (iii B. C.): cf. διαλυμαίνομαι: some of these forms are also used in pass. sense, v. infr. 11: (λύμη): —
outrage, maltreat, esp. of personal injuries, scourging, binding, etc. (cf. D. 23.33), but also in moral sense: —
Constr.:
I
1. c. acc., outrage, maltreat, ὅτι τὸν ξεῖνον.. δήσας λυμαίνοιτο Hdt. 5.33; τὴν ἵππον ἐλυμήναντο ἀνηκέστως Id. 8.28; ὀργῇ χάριν δούς, ἥ σ' ἀεὶ λυμαίνεται S. OC 855; λ. λέχη dishonour.., E. Ba. 354: c. acc. cogn. added, τοιαῦτα.. Σοφοκλέης λυμαίνεται.. ἐμὲ τὸν Τηρέα Ar. Av. 100; λύμης ἥν μ' ἐλυμήνω πάρος E. Hel. 1099; also in Att. Prose, λ. νόμους Lys. 30. 26, cf. D. 18.312; τὰς ῥήσεις ἃς ἐλυμαίνου the speeches you used to murder (as an actor), ib.267; later simply, harm, injure, βλασφημεῖν καὶ -εσθαι τὸν σοφόν Phld. Lib. p.10 O., cf. Ir. p.33 W.; of things, spoil, ruin, νοῦσος λ. τὸ σῶμα Hp. Morb.Sacr. 11, cf. VM 6; τὰ -όμενα γαστέρας καὶ κεφαλὰς καὶ ψυχάς X. Mem. 1.3.6; ὀψοποιΐα λ. τὰ ὄψα ib. 3.14.5; λ. τὴν οἰκίαν Isa 6.18; τοὺς χυλούς Thphr. CP 6.17.5; τὰ παρόντα Epicur. Sent.Vat. 35; θλίβει καὶ λ. τὸ μακάριον Arist. EN 1100b28; λ. τοῦ ἀραχνίου spoil part of it, Id. HA 623a20.
2. c. dat., inflict indignities or outrages upon, νεκρῷ Hdt. 1.214, 9.79; μειρακίοις Ar. Nu. 928 (anap.); ἡ ὕβρις τοῖς ὅλοις πράγμασι λ. Isoc. 20.9; ἡ κακία λ. τοῖς ὅλοις D. 18.303; λ. τῇ καταστάσει X. HG 2.3.26; τῇ ἑαυτοῦ δόξῃ ib. 7.5.18; πονηροὶ.. αὑτοῖς -αίνονται Epicur. Sent.Vat. 53; τοῖς.. προῃρημένοις POxy. 1409.21 (iii A. D.). — The constr. with dat. is considered strictly Att., Sch. Ar. Nu. 925; but X. almost always uses the acc., which is freq. also in the Oratt.; Pl. does not use the word at all.
3. abs., cause ruin, ὅσα μετ' ἐλπίδων λυμαίνεται Th. 5.103; πᾶν τὸ λυμαινόμενόν ἐστιν ἔνδοθεν Men. 540.3; cause damage, IG 5(2).6.16 (Tegea, iv B. C.); also, inflict punishment, ib. 5 (1). 1390.26 (Andania, i B. C.).
4. c. dat. modi, λυμαίνεσθαι [τινα] λύμῃσι ἀνηκέστοισι treat with the worst ill-treatment, Hdt. 6.12; γλῶτταν ἡδοναῖς λ. defile it, Ar. Eq. 1284.
5. c. neut. Adj., τἆλλα πάντα λυμαίνεσθαι inflict all possible indignities, Hdt. 3.16; αὐτῷ τάδ' ἄλλα Βάκχιος λ. E. Ba. 632 (troch.), cf. Ar. Av. 100 (supr. 1.1).
II Act. λυμαίνω, only late, Lib. Decl. 13.6; but λυμαίνομαι is sts. Pass., δεδεμένος καὶ -όμενος Antipho 5.63; ὑπὸ τοιούτων ἀνδρῶν λυμαίνεσθε Lys. 28.14; πλάστιγγι λυμανθὲν δέμας A. Ch. 290; λελυμάνθαι D. 20.142; λελυμασμένος Paus. 7.5.4, 10.15.4; ἐλελύμαντο D.C. 39.11; cf. διαλυμαίνομαι 11.
λυμαίνομαι: imperfect ἐλυμαινομην; deponent middle; (λύμη injury, ruin, contumely); from Aeschylus and Herodotus down;
1. to affix a stigma to, to dishonor, spot, defile (Ezekiel 16:25; Proverbs 23:8; 4 Macc. 18:8).
2. to treat shamefully or with injury, to ravage, devastate, ruin: ἐλυμαίνετο τήν ἐκκλησίαν, said of Saul as the cruel and violent persecutor (A. V. made havock of), Acts 8:3.
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λυμαίνομαι
(< λύμη , outrage),
[in LXX chiefly for H7843 pi., hi., also for H3765, etc.;]
1. to outrage, maltreat: c. acc, Acts 8:3.
2. to corrupt, defile (Ezekiel 16:25, Proverbs 23:8, 4 Maccabees 18:8, al.).†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
For an early example of the rare passive use of this verb, see the citation from P Par 6 s.v. λύκος, and cf. P Petr III. 27 recto.2 λελ ̣υμάνθαι, in a broken context. For the verb construed with the acc. cf. P Leid Wvii. 39 (ii/iii A.D.) οὐ μή μου λυμάνῃς σάρκα (of fire), and for the dat. see P Oxy XII. 1409.21 (A.D. 278) λυμαινόμενος τοῖς ἐπὶ τῇ σωτηρίᾳ συνπά [ση ]ς τῆς Αἰγύπτου προη ̣ρ ̣[ημέ ]νοις, ";injuring measures designed for the safety of the whole of Egypt"; (Edd.). The form λοιμαίνομαι, which occurs six times in B, may be illustrated from a ii/B.C. complaint regarding property, P Grenf I. 17.15 (as completed by Gerhard Erbstreit) ἕτερα γράμματα λοιμαινάμενοι ἔβλαψαν τὰ δι᾽ αὐτῶν διάφορα : see Mayser Gr. p. 111, Moulton Gr. ii. p. 83. From the inscrr. we may cite Syll 584.3 (i/B.C. ?) μηδὲ σκεῦος τῶν τῆς θεοῦ λυμαίνεσθαι, ib. 653.26 (B.C. 91) ἐξουσίαν ἐχέτω λυμαίνεσθαι, ib. 888.11 (ii/A.D.) λυμήνασθαι δὲ μηδὲ λωβήσασθαι μηδέν, Cagnat IV. 961.5 τούτ [ω ]ν [δέ τι ] ὃς ἂν λυμ [ή ]νηται, ἐξώλη [εἶναι ] καὶ γένος αὐτοῦ.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
