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Contemporary English Version
Exodus 25:17
Bible Study Resources
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You shall make a mercy seat of pure gold. Two and a half cubits shall be its length, and a cubit and a half its breadth.
And thou shalt make a mercy seat of pure gold: two cubits and a half shall be the length thereof, and a cubit and a half the breadth thereof.
"And you will make an atonement cover of pure gold, two and a half cubits its length and a cubit and a half its width.
"Then make a lid of pure gold for the Ark; this is the mercy seat. Make it forty-five inches long and twenty-seven inches wide.
"You are to make an atonement lid of pure gold; its length is to be three feet nine inches, and its width is to be two feet three inches.
"You shall make a mercy seat (cover) of pure gold, two and a half cubits long and one and a half cubits wide.
"And you shall make an atoning cover of pure gold, two and a half cubits long and one and a half cubits wide.
Also thou shalt make a Mercie seate of pure golde, two cubites and an halfe long, and a cubite and an halfe broade.
"You shall make a mercy seat of pure gold, two and a half cubits long and one and a half cubits wide.
(ii) "You are to make a cover for the ark out of pure gold; it is to be three-and-three-quarters feet long and two-and-a-quarter feet high.
And thou shalt make a mercy-seat of pure gold: two cubits and a half the length thereof, and a cubit and a half the breadth thereof.
Then make a lid, the mercy-cover. Make it from pure gold. Make it 2 1/2 cubits long and 1 1/2 cubits wide.
"You shall make a mercy seat of pure gold. Two cubits and a half shall be its length, and a cubit and a half its breadth.
And you shall make a mercy seat of pure gold, two and a half cubits long, and a cubit and a half broad.
"Make a lid of pure gold, 45 inches long and 27 inches wide.
Make a mercy seat of pure gold, forty-five inches long and twenty-seven inches wide.
And you shall make a mercyseat of pure gold, its length two and a half cubits, and its width a cubit and a half.
Thou shalt make a Mercyseate also of pure golde, two cubytes and a half longe, and a cubyte & a half brode.
And thou shalt make a mercy-seat of pure gold: two cubits and a half shall be the length thereof, and a cubit and a half the breadth thereof.
And you are to make a cover of the best gold, two and a half cubits long and a cubit and a half wide.
And thou shalt make a mercy seate of pure golde: two cubites and a halfe long, and a cubite and a halfe brode.
And thou shalt make an ark-cover of pure gold: two cubits and a half shall be the length thereof, and a cubit and a half the breadth thereof.
And thou shalt make a Mercieseat of pure gold: two cubites and a halfe shalbe the length thereof, and a cubite and a halfe the breadth thereof.
And thou shalt make a propitiatory, a lid of pure gold; the length of two cubits and a half, and the breadth of a cubit and a half.
And thou shalt make a mercy-seat of pure gold: two cubits and a half shall be the length thereof, and a cubit and a half the breadth thereof.
And you are to construct a mercy seat of pure gold, two and a half cubits long and a cubit and a half wide.
And thou schalt make a propiciatorie of clenneste gold; `that is a table hilinge the arke; the lengthe therof schal holde twei cubitis and an half, the broodnesse schal holde a cubit and half.
`And thou hast made a mercy-seat of pure gold, two cubits and a half its length, and a cubit and a half its breadth;
And you shall make a mercy-seat of pure gold: two cubits and a half [shall be] the length thereof, and a cubit and a half the width thereof.
And thou shalt make a mercy-seat [of] pure gold: two cubits and a half [shall be] its length, and a cubit and a half its breadth.
You shall make a mercy seat of pure gold. Two and a half cubits shall be its length, and a cubit and a half its breadth.
"You shall make a mercy seat of pure gold; two and a half cubits shall be its length and a cubit and a half its width.
"Then make the Ark's cover—the place of atonement—from pure gold. It must be 45 inches long and 27 inches wide.
Then make a mercy-seat from pure gold, two and a half cubits long and one and a half cubits wide.
Then you shall make a mercy seat of pure gold; two cubits and a half shall be its length, and a cubit and a half its width.
And thou shalt make a propitiatory, of pure gold, - two cubits and a half, the length thereof, and, a cubit and a half, the breadth thereof,
Thou shalt make also a propitiatory of the purest gold: the length thereof shall be two cubits and a half, and the breadth a cubit and a half.
Then you shall make a mercy seat of pure gold; two cubits and a half shall be its length, and a cubit and a half its breadth.
"Now make a lid of pure gold for the Chest, an Atonement-Cover, three and three-quarters feet long and two and one-quarter feet wide.
"You shall make a mercy seat of pure gold, two and a half cubits long and one and a half cubits wide.
Contextual Overview
Bible Verse Review
from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge
mercy seat: Exodus 26:34, Exodus 37:6, Exodus 40:20, Leviticus 16:12-15, 1 Chronicles 28:11, Romans 3:25, Hebrews 4:16, Hebrews 9:5, 1 John 2:2
Reciprocal: Exodus 25:21 - mercy seat Exodus 39:35 - the mercy seat Leviticus 16:2 - the mercy seat Ezekiel 28:14 - the anointed Ephesians 3:10 - intent
Cross-References
Abraham died at the ripe old age of one hundred seventy-five.
Gill's Notes on the Bible
And thou shall make a mercy seat of pure gold,.... Or "covering" n; so Jarchi and Aben Ezra; for so the word properly signifies; and what is meant was no more than a cover of the ark, which was open at the top, and this was the lid of it, and exactly answered to it, as appears by the dimensions afterwards given of it; and because the root of this word in one form signifies to propitiate or make atonement, some render it the "propitiatory" or "propitiation" o; which is favoured by the apostle in Hebrews 9:5 and to which he seems to refer, Romans 3:25 and the rather since God is represented sitting on this, as showing himself propitious and well pleased with men, by his communing with them from hence; the Septuagint version takes in both senses, rendering it the "propitiatory covering" p: this being called by what name it will, was typical of Christ; he is the seat of mercy, or, as it is in the New Testament expressed, the throne of grace; whereon, or in whom God shows himself to be gracious and merciful to the children of men; all the stores of mercy are in him, and all the vessels of mercy are put into his hands; the mercy of God is displayed in the mission of him as a Saviour, and is glorified by him in a way consistent with his justice and holiness; through him only special mercy is communicated to sinful men, to whom God is only merciful in Christ: and Christ himself is all mercy to his people; his ways of old were mercy and truth, and all his works, especially his great work of redemption, are done in mercy and pity to them; he shows himself to be merciful to them, by sympathizing with them, and supporting them under all their temptations and afflictions, in granting them all the necessary supplies of grace here, and by bestowing eternal life on them hereafter: he is their "covering", the covering of their persons by his righteousness, imputed to them, and of their sins, by his blood shed for them, and sprinkled on them, and of the law, by his satisfaction for the transgressions of it; whereby they are secured from the avenging justice of God, and wrath to come: and he is the "propitiation" or "propitiatory", who has made atonement and reconciliation for sin; and in and through whom God shows himself propitious to his people, he being pacified, his wrath appeased, and his justice satisfied by his obedience and sufferings: and this mercy seat, being of "pure gold", without any alloy or mixture in it, may denote the purity of Christ's obedience, righteousness, and sacrifice, in the completeness of salvation by him, without any works of righteousness of men; the worth and excellency of Christ, and of these blessings of his, and the preciousness of his blood, and the continued virtue and efficacy of it, and of his righteousness and sacrifice, by which the propitiation is made:
two cubits and a half shall be the length thereof, and a cubit and a half the breadth thereof: which are exactly the dimensions of the ark, to which this was a lid or cover, see Exodus 25:10 in the mystical sense it intimates, that Christ, in his nature, obedience, sufferings, and death, is the end of the law for righteousness, which is entirely commensurate, and answers to all its demands: his holy nature is answerable to the holiness and spirituality of the law; his righteousness to all that obedience it requires, and his sufferings and death to the penalty of it; so that, through Christ, we have a righteousness to justify us before God, as long and as broad as the law is, though the commandment is exceeding broad, Psalms 119:96. Aben Ezra observes, that there is no mention made of the thickness of the mercy seat; and the same Jarchi takes notice of, but adds, that, according to their Rabbins, it was an hand's breadth, and the Targum of Jonathan says,
"and its thickness an hand's breadth.''
n כפרת "opertorium", Montanus; "tegmen sive operimentum", Vatablus; "operculum", Piscator. o "Propitiatorium", V. L. Pagninus, Munster, Tigurine version. p ιλαστηριον επιθεμα Sept. "operculum propitiatorium", Junius & Tremellius.
Barnes' Notes on the Bible
A mercy seat of pure gold - (Compare Exodus 37:6-9.) In external form, the mercy-seat was a plate of gold with the cherubim standing on it, the whole beaten out of one solid piece of metal Exodus 37:7; it was placed upon the ark and so took the place of a cover. “mercy” seat expresses well the distinct significance and recognized designation of the Hebrew name.
Exodus 25:18-20
The cherubim of the mercy-seat were human figures, each having two wings. They must have been of small size, proportioned to the area of the mercy-seat. Comparing the different references to form in this place, in 2 Samuel 22:11 Psalms 18:10, in Ezekiel 1:0; Ezekiel 10:0 and in Revelation 4:1-11, it would appear that the name “cherub” was applied to various combinations of animal forms. Among the Egyptians, the Assyrians and the Greeks, as well as the Hebrews, the creatures by far most frequently introduced into these composite figures, were man, the ox, the lion, and the eagle, as being types of the most important and familiarly known classes of living material beings. Hence, the cherubim, described by Ezekiel, have been regarded as representing the whole creation engaged in the worship and service of God (compare Revelation 4:9-11; Revelation 5:13); and it would be in harmony with this view to suppose that the more strictly human shape of the cherubim of the mercy seat represented the highest form of created intelligence engaged in the devout contemplation of the divine law of love and justice. (Compare 1 Peter 1:12.) It is worthy of notice that the golden cherubim from between which Yahweh spoke Exodus 25:22 to His people bore witness, by their place on the mercy-seat, to His redeeming mercy; while the cherubim that took their stand at the gate of Eden, Genesis 3:24, to keep the way to the tree of life, witnessed to His condemnation of sin in man.
Exodus 25:18
Of beaten work - i. e. elaborately worked with the hammer.
Exodus 25:19
Even of the mercy seat - See the margin. The sense appears to be that the cherubim and the mercy-seat were to be worked out of one mass of gold. (Compare Exodus 37:7.)
Exodus 25:21
The testimony - See Exodus 25:16 note. Compare Exodus 40:20.
Clarke's Notes on the Bible
Verse Exodus 25:17. A mercy-seat — כפרת capporeth, from כפר caphar, to cover or overspread; because by an act of pardon sins are represented as being covered, so that they no longer appear in the eye of Divine justice to displease, irritate, and call for punishment; and the person of the offender is covered or protected from the stroke of the broken law. In the Greek version of the Septuagint the word ιλαστηριον, hilasterion, is used, which signifies a propitiatory, and is the name used by the apostle, Hebrews 9:5. This mercy-seat or propitiatory was made of pure gold; it was properly the lid or covering of that vessel so well known by the name of the ark and ark of the covenant. On and before this, the high priest was to sprinkle the blood of the expiatory sacrifices on the great day of atonement: and it was in this place that God promised to meet the people, (see Exodus 25:22;) for there he dwelt, and there was the symbol of the Divine presence. At each end of this propitiatory was a cherub, between whom this glory was manifested; hence in Scripture it is so often said that he dwelleth between the cherubim. As the word ιλαστηριον, propitiatory or mercy-seat, is applied to Christ, Romans 3:25, whom God hath set forth to be a PROPITIATION (ιλαστηριον) through faith in his blood-for the remission of sins that are past; hence we learn that Christ was the true mercy-seat, the thing signified by the capporeth, to the ancient believers. And we learn farther that it was by his blood that an atonement was to be made for the sins of the world. And as God showed himself between the cherubim over this propitiatory or mercy-seat, so it is said, God was in Christ reconciling the world unto himself; 2 Corinthians 5:19, &c. Leviticus 7:38; Leviticus 7:38.
