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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #1380 - δοκέω
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- to be of opinion, think, suppose
- to seem, to be accounted, reputed
- it seems to me
- I think, judge: thus in question
- it seems good to, pleased me, I determined
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this Strong's Number
δοκέω
Il. 7.192, Att. impf. ἐδόκουν, δοκέεσκον AP 5.298 (Agath.): —
I Med., δοκέοντο Opp. C. 4.296: part. δοκεύμενος ib. 109: the fut. and other tenses are twofold:
1 fut. δόξω and aor. 1 ἔδοξα Pi. N. 4.37, h.Merc. 208, etc.: pf. δέδοχα inferred from plpf. ἐδεδόχεσαν D.C. 44.26: — Pass., aor. ἐδόχθην Plb. 21.10.8, etc., (κατ-) Antipho 2.2.2: pf. δέδογμαι Hdt. 8.100, etc.: plpf. ἐδέδοκτο Id. 9.74.
2. regul. forms (chiefly Trag., Com., and late Prose), fut. δοκήσω A. Pr. 388, Ar. Nu. 562, etc. (once in Hdt., 4.74); Dor. δοκησῶ or -ᾱσῶ Theoc. 1.150: aor. ἐδόκησα, δόκ- Od. 10.415, Pi. O. 13.56, A. Th. 1041, Ar. Ra. 1485, etc.: pf. δεδόκηκα A. Eu. 309 (lyr.): —
1. Pass., aor. ἐδοκήθην E. Med. 1417 (anap.): pf. δεδόκημαι Pi. N. 5.19, E. Med. 763 (anap.), Ar. V. 726, also in Hdt. 7.16. γ; but δεδοκημένος (q. v.) belongs to δέχομαι. I expect (Iterat. of δέκομαι, cf. δέχομαι 11.3): hence, think, suppose, imagine, (opp. φρονέω, S. Aj. 942 (lyr.), Pherecr. 146.4): 1 c. acc. et inf., δοκέω νικησέμεν Ἕκτορα Il. 7.192; οὔ σε δοκέω πείθεσθαι Hdt. 1.8, cf. 11, 27, al., Antipho 2.4.5, etc.: rarely with inf. omitted, δοκῶ.. οὐδὲν ῥῆμα.. κακὸν [εἶναι ] S. El. 61; τούτους τι δοκεῖτε [εἶναι ] X. An. 5.7.26; freq. in relating a dream or vision, τεκεῖν δράκοντ' ἔδοξεν she thought a serpent produced young, A. Ch. 527; ἐδόκουν αἰετὸν.. φέρειν methought an eagle was carrying, Ar. V. 15; ὁρᾷς γὰρ οὐδὲν ὧν δοκεῖς σάφ' εἰδέναι E. Or. 259: with inf. only, ἔδοξ' ἰδεῖν methought I saw, ib. 408; ἔδοξ' ἀκοῦσαι Pl. Prt. 315e; ἔδοξ' ἐν ὕπνῳ.. οἰκεῖν ἐν Ἄργει E. IT 44 (sts. also, as in signf. 11, ἐδοξάτην μοι δύο γυναῖκε.. μολεῖν A. Pers. 181; ἐν τῷ σταδίῳ.. μέ τις ἐδόκει στεφανοῦν Alex. 272.4). think to do, purpose, ὅταν δ' ἀείδειν.. δοκῶ A. Ag. 16.
2. abs., have or form an opinion, περί τινος Hdt. 9.65; mostly in parenthetic phrases, ὡς δοκῶ Pl. Phdr. 264e; δοκῶ alone, Hdt. 9.65, Ar. Pax 47, Pl. Prm. 126b; πῶς δοκεῖς; to call attention to something remarked, τοῦτον, πῶς δοκεῖς; καθύβρισεν E. Hipp. 446, cf. Hec. 1160, Diph. 96, etc.; πόσον δοκεῖς; Ar. Ec. 399.
3. δοκῶ μοι I seem to myself, methinks, c. inf., ἐγώ μοι δοκέω κατανοέειν τοῦτο Hdt. 2.93, etc.; ἡδέως ἄν μοι δοκῶ κοινωνῆσαί τινος X. Cyr. 8.7.25, cf. Oec. 6.11; οὔ μοι δοκῶ I think not.., Pl. Tht. 158e; δοκῶ μοι parenthetic, Id. Thg. 121d. δοκῶ μοι I am determined, resolved, c. inf. pres., Ar. V. 177, etc.: c. inf. fut., Aeschin. 3.53, etc.: c. inf. aor., dub. in Ar. Av. 671, etc.: rarely without μοι, think fit, σὺ δ' αὐτὸς ἤδη γνῶθι τίνα πέμπειν δοκεῖς A. Th. 650.
4. seem, pretend, c. inf. (with or without neg.), ὁρέων μὲν οὐδέν, δοκέων δὲ [ὁρᾶν ] dub. l. in Alcm. 87; οὔτε ἔδοξε μαθέειν Hdt. 1.10; οὐδὲ γιγνώσκειν δοκῶν Pherecr. 163; τὰ μὲν ποιεῖν, τὰ δὲ δοκεῖν Arist. Pol. 1314a39; ἤκουσά του λέγοντος, οὐ δοκῶν κλύειν E. Med. 67; πόσους δοκεῖς.. ὁρῶντας.. μὴ δοκεῖν ὁρᾶν; Id. Hipp. 462, cf. Ar. Eq. 1146, X. HG 4.5.6.
5. Pass., to be considered, δοκεῖσθαι οὕτω Pl. R. 612d; τὰ νῦν δοκούμενα περί τινος the current opinions, ib. 490a.
6. Med., Opp. C. 4.296; δοκεύμενος.. ἀλύξειν ib. 109.
II of an Object,
1. seem, c. dat. pers. et inf. pres., δοκέεις δέ μοι οὐκ ἀπινύσσειν Od. 5.342; δόκησε δ' ἄρα σφίσι θυμὸς ὣς ἔμεν ὡς εἰ.. their heart seemed just as if.., felt as though.., 10.415: c. inf. fut., seem likely, δοκέει δέ μοι ὧδε λώϊον ἔσσεσθαι Il. 6.338: c. inf. aor. (never in Hom.), τί δ' ἂν δοκεῖ σοι Πρίαμος (sc. ποιῆσαι); A. Ag. 935; seem or be thought to have done, esp. of suspected persons, Th. 2.21; to be convicted, ἂν ἁλῷ καὶ δοκῇ τοὔργον εἰργάσθαι D. 23.71.
2. abs., seem, as opp. to reality, τὸ δοκεῖν καὶ τὰν ἀλάθειαν βιᾶται Simon. 76; οὐ δοκεῖν ἄριστος ἀλλ' εἶναι θέλει A. Th. 592, cf. Pl. Grg. 527b; in full, τὸ δοκεῖν εἶναι A. Ag. 788 (anap.).
3. seem good, be resolved on, εἰ δοκεῖ σοι ταῦτα ib. 944; τοιαῦτ' ἔδοξε τῷδε Καδμείων τέλει Id. Th. 1030.
4. freq. impers., δοκεῖ μοι it seems to me, methinks, ὥς μοι δοκεῖ εἶναι ἄριστα Il. 12.215; ὡς ἐμοὶ δοκεῖ as I think, A. Th. 369, etc.; τὸ σοὶ δοκοῦν your opinion, Pl. R. 487d: freq. in inf. in parenth. clause, ὡς ἐμοὶ δοκέειν to my thinking, Hdt. 9.113; δοκέειν ἐμοί Id. 1.172; ἀλλ', ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν, τάχ' εἴσει A. Pers. 246, etc.; without μοι, X. An. 4.5.1. it seems good to me, it is my pleasure, δοκεῖ ἡμῖν χρῆσθαι Th. 4.118, cf. A. Ag. 1350: freq. of a public resolution, τοῖσι Ἕλλησι δόξαι.. ἀπαιτέειν Hdt. 1.3, etc.; ἔδοξεν Ἀργείοισιν A. Supp. 605, cf. Th. 1010; esp. in decrees and the like, ἔδοξε τῇ βουλῇ, τῷ δήμῳ, Ar. Th. 372, Th. 4.118, cf. IG 1.32, etc.; τὰ δόξαντα S. El. 29, D. 3.14; παρὰ τὸ δοκοῦν ἡμῖν Th. 1.84, etc.: — Pass., δέδοκται Hdt. 4.68; οὕτω δέδοκται; S. Ph. 1277, etc.; εἰ ἐπαινῆσαι δεδόκηται Pi. N. 5.19; δεδόχθω τὸ ἄτοπον τοῦτο Pl. Lg. 799e, etc.; τοῦτ' ἐστ' ἐμοὶ δεδογμένον E. Heracl. 1; δεδογμέν' [ἐστί].. τήνδε κατθανεῖν S. Ant. 576, cf. OC 1431; τὰ δεδογμένα Hdt. 3.76; δεδόχθαι τῇ βουλῇ καὶ τῷ δήμῳ IG 22.1.12, etc. c. acc. abs., δόξαν when it was decreed or resolved, δόξαν αὐτοῖς ὥστε διαναυμαχεῖν Th. 8.79; δόξαν δέ σφι (sc. λιπέσθαι) Hdt. 2.148; δόξαν ἡμῖν ταῦτα Pl. Prt. 314c, cf. X. An. 4.1.13; ἰδίᾳ δοκῆσάν σοι τόδ'..; E. Supp. 129; also δεδογμένον αὐτοῖς Th. 1.125, etc.; but also δόξαντος τούτου X. HG 1.1.36; δόξαντα ταῦτα καὶ περανθέντα ib. 3.2.19.
5. to be reputed, c. inf., Pi. O. 13.56, P. 6.40; ἄξιοι ὑμῖν δοκοῦντες Th. 1.76; δοκοῦντες εἶναί τι men who are held to be something, men of repute, Pl. Grg. 472a; τὸ δοκεῖν τινὲς εἶναι.. προσειληφότες D. 21.213; τὸ φρονεῖν ἐδόκει τις εἶναι περιττός Plu. Arist. 1; οἱ δοκοῦντες Heraclit. 28 (dub.), E. Hec. 295; τὰ δοκοῦντα, opp. τὰ μηδὲν ὄντα, Id. Tr. 613; μετ' ἀρετῆς δοκούσης ἐς ἀλλήλους γίγνεσθαι Th. 3.10; to be an established, current opinion, Arist. APo. 76b24, al.; τὰ δοκοῦντα Id. Metaph. 1088a16, al.: — Pass., οἱ δεδογμένοι ἀνδροφόνοι those who have been found guilty of homicide, D. 23.28; also αἱ δοκούμεναι Πέρσαις τέχναι Polem. Call. 60. (The two senses of δοκέω are sts. contrasted, τὰ ἀεὶ δοκοῦντα.. τῷ δοκοῦντι εἶναι ἀληθῆ that which seems true is true to him who thinks it, Pl. Tht. 158e; τὸ δοκοῦν ἑκάστῳ τοῦτο καὶ εἶναι τῷ δοκοῦντι ib. 162c.)
δοκέω, δοκῶ; imperfect ἐδόκουν; 1 aorist ἔδοξα; (akin to δέχομαι or δέκομαι, whence δοκός an assumption, opinion (cf. Latindecus, decet, dignus; Curtius, § 15; cf. his Das Verbum, i., pp. 376, 382)); (from Homer down);
1. to be of opinion, think, suppose: followed by an accusative with an infinitive, Mark 6:49 (R G L Tr); 2 Corinthians 11:16; 1 Corinthians 12:23; with an infinitive relating to the same subject as that of δοκέω itself, Luke 8:18 (ὁ δοκεῖ ἔχειν); Luke 24:37 (ἐδόκουν πνεῦμα θεωρεῖν); John 5:39; John 16:2; Acts 12:9; Acts 27:13; 1 Corinthians 3:18; 1 Corinthians 7:40; 1 Corinthians 8:2; 1 Corinthians 10:12; 1 Corinthians 14:37; Galatians 6:3; Philippians 3:4; James 1:26; μή δόξητε λέγειν ἐν ἑαυτοῖς do not suppose that ye may think, Matthew 3:9; cf. Fritzsche at the passage followed by ὅτι, Matthew 6:7; Matthew 26:53; (Mark 6:49 T WH); Luke 12:51; Luke 13:2, 4; Luke 19:11; John 5:45; John 11:13 (
2. intransitive, to seem, be accounted, reputed: Luke 10:36; Luke 22:24; Acts 17:18; Acts 25:27; 1 Corinthians 12:22; 2 Corinthians 10:9; Hebrews 12:11; ἔδοξα ἐμαυτῷ δεῖν πρᾶξαι, I seemed to myself, i. e. I thought, Acts 26:9 (cf. Buttmann, 111 (97)); οἱ δοκοῦντες ἄρχειν those that are accounted to rule, who are recognized as rulers, Mark 10:42; οἱ δοκοῦντες εἶναι τί those who are reputed to be somewhat (of importance), and therefore have influence, Galatians 2:6 (9) (Plato, Euthyd., p. 303 c.); simply, οἱ δοκοῦντες those highly esteemed, of repute, looked up to, influential, Galatians 2:2 (often in Greek writings as Euripides, Hec. 295, where cf. Schafer; (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 45, 7)). By way of courtesy, things certain are sometimes said δοκεῖν, as in Hebrews 4:1 (cf. Cicero, offic. 3, 2, 6ut tute tibi defuisse videare); 1 Corinthians 11:16 (but cf. Meyer at the passage); cf. Winer's Grammar, § 65, 7 c.
3. impersonally, δοκεῖ μοι, it seems to me; i. e.
a. I think, judge": thus in questions, τί σοι (ὑμῖν) δοκεῖ; Matthew 17:25; Matthew 18:12; Matthew 21:28; Matthew 22:17, 42; Matthew 26:66; John 11:56; κατά τό δοκοῦν αὐτοῖς as seemed good to them, Hebrews 12:10 (Lucian, Tim. § 25, and παρά τό δοκοῦν ἡμῖν, Thucydides 1, 84).
b. ἔδοξε μοι it seemed good to, pleased, me; I determined: followed by an infinitive, Luke 1:3; Acts 15:22, 25, 28, 34 Rec.; also often in Greek writings. Compare: εὐδοκέω, συνδοκέω, εὐδοκέω. [SYNONYMS: δοκεῖν 2, φαίνεσθαι: φαίνεσθαι (primarily of luminous bodies) makes reference to the actual external appearance, generally correct but possibly deceptive; δοκεῖν refers to the subjective judgment, which may or may not conform to the fact. Hence, such a combination as δοκεῖ φαίνεσθαι is no pleonasm. Cf. Trench, § lxxx.; Schmidt, chapter 15.]
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δοκέω , -ῶ
(< δόκος , opinion, < δέκομαι , Ion, form of δέχ -),
[in LXX for H2895, H5068, etc.;]
1. to be of opinion, suppose: Matthew 24:44, Luke 12:40, Hebrews 10:29; c. inf., Matthew 3:9, Luke 8:18; Luke 24:37, John 5:39; John 16:2, Acts 12:9; Acts 27:13, 1 Corinthians 3:18; 1 Corinthians 7:40; 1 Corinthians 8:2; 1 Corinthians 10:12; 1 Corinthians 14:37, Galatians 6:3, Philippians 3:4, James 1:26; c. acc et inf., 1 Corinthians 12:23, 2 Corinthians 11:16; seq. ὅτι , Matthew 6:7; Matthew 26:53, Mark 6:49, Luke 12:51; Luke 13:2; Luke 13:4; Luke 19:11, John 5:45; John 11:13; John 11:31; John 13:29; John 20:15, 1 Corinthians 4:9, 2 Corinthians 12:19, James 4:5.
2. to seem, be reputed: Acts 25:27; c. inf., Mark 10:42, Luke 10:36; Luke 22:24, Acts 17:13; Acts 26:9, 1 Corinthians 11:16; 1 Corinthians 12:22, 2 Corinthians 10:9, Galatians 2:6; Galatians 2:9, Hebrews 4:1; Hebrews 12:11; οἱ δοκοῦντες , those of repute, Galatians 2:2. Impers., it seems, c. dat. pers.;
(a) to think: Matthew 17:25; Matthew 18:12; Matthew 21:28; Matthew 22:17; Matthew 22:42; Matthew 26:66, John 11:56, Hebrews 12:10;
(b) to please, seem good to: c. inf., Luke 1:3, Acts 15:22; Acts 15:25; Acts 15:23; Acts 15:34.†
SYN.
(δοκέω 1 G1380): ἡγέομαι 2 G2233, νομίζω 2 G3543, οἴομαι G3633; ἡ . and ν . properly express belief resting on external proof, ἡ . denoting the more careful judgment; δ . and οἴ . imply a subjective judgment which in the case of οἴ . is based on feeling, in δ . on thought (v. Schmidt, c. 17).
(δοκέω 2. G1380): φαίνομαι G5316; φ ,., from the standpoint of the object, "expresses how a matter phenomenally shows and presents itself"; δ ., from the standpoint of the observer, expresses one's subjective judgment about a matter (v. Tr., Syn., LXXx; Cremer, 204).
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
The verb is naturally common, e.g. P Par 49.16 (B.C. 164–58) εἶπα αὐτῷ μὴ ἐμὲ ἀξιοῦν, ἀλλά, δόξαντα ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ ἐν τῇ αὐλῇ εἶναι, παραγίνεσθαι, P Oxy VII. 1027.9 (i/A.D.) ὑπόμνημα ἀφ᾽ οὗ ἔδοξεν δυνήσασθαι ἐμποδισθῆναί μου τὴν πρᾶξιν, ";a memorandum by means of which he hoped that my execution might be prevented"; (Ed.), ib. 1032.38 (A.D. 162) ἐάν σου τῇ τύχῃ δόξῃ, ";if your fortune sees fit."; For other exx. of this last phrase we may cite P Petr I. 26.7 (B.C. 241) ἐάν σοι δοκεῖ, P Oxy IV. 718.24 (A.D. 180–92) ἐάν σοι δόξῃ, and ib. IX. 1220.5 (iii/A.D.) ἦ δοκῖ σοι, κύριέ μου, πέμψε μοι κέρμα; ";would you be pleased, sir, to send me some money?"; (Ed.). In P Oxy IX. 1218.7 (iii/A.D.) δοκῶ is used absolutely, as in 1 Corinthians 4:9—ἡ μήτηρ μου Θαῆσις εἰς Ἀντινόου, δοκῶ, ἐπὶ κηδίαν ἀπῆλθεν, ";my mother Thaësis went, I think, to Antinoöpolis for a funeral"; (Ed.) : cf. P Amh II. 64.6 (A.D. 108) δο ̣κ ̣ω ̣̑ μοι. For the more official usage of δοκέω = ";censeo,"; see OGIS 233.10 (B.C. 226–3) ἔδοξε τῆι ἐκκλησίαι πρυτάνεων εἰπάντων κτλ., Priene 105.78 (c. B.C. 9) ἔδοξεν τοῖς ἐπὶ τῆς Ἀσίας Ἕλλησιν · γνώμη κτλ. : cf. P Tebt II. 335.15 (a petition to the Praefect (?)—middle of iii/A.D.) εἰ δ ̣έ τι τοιοῦτον ἔδοξας κελεύειν, ";if you really did vouchsafe to give such orders"; (Edd.). For δοκέω followed by the acc. and inf., as in 2 Corinthians 11:16, cf. P Tebt II. 413.6 (ii/iiiA.D.) μὴ δόξῃς με, κυρί [α ], ἠμεληκέναι σου τῶν ἐντολῶν, ";do not think, mistress, that I am negligent of your commands"; (Edd.). In P Ryl II. 229.15 (A.D. 38) we find it with partic.—δοκῶ γὰρ συναιρόμενος πρὸς σὲ λογάριον, ";for I expect to make up an account without you"; (Edd.). The personal constr. c. inf. predominates : note BGU IV. 1141.9 (c. B.C. 14) οὐδὲ σὲ γὰρ δοκῶι εἰς ἐνφα [ν ]ιστοῦ τόπον με ἔχειν, ib. .15 ἐγὼ μὲν οὐ δοκῶι ἄξιος εἶναι ὑβρίζεσθαι —per contra add P Oxy VI. 937.17 (iii/A.D.) παρατηρεῖσθαι αὐτὴν μὴ δόξῃ αὐτῷ τῷ Ἀ. λαβ ̣ῆ [σ ]αι τὴν φιάλην, ";to keep a watch on it, lest A. should determine to take the bowl"; (Edd.), CP Herm 26.8 (a procès verbal) ὃ ἐὰν αὐτοῦ δόξῃ τῷ μεγέθι, ";whatever his highness shall determine.";
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