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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary
Strong's #1473 - ἐγώ
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ἐγώ,
I: Pron. of the first person: — mostly ἐγών before vowels (so in Dor., before consonants, Epich. 85, Sophr. 81, Ar. Ach. 748, 754), rarely in Trag., A. Pers. 932 (lyr.); Boeot. ἱών A.D. Pron. 51.4: — strengthd. ἔγωγε, I at least, for my part, indeed, for myself (more freq. in Att. than in Hom.): Dor. ἐγώνγα Alcm. 51, Ar. Ach. 736, Lys. 986, dat. ἐμίνγα IG 22.1126.7 (Amphict. Delph.): Boeot. ἱώνγα Corinn. 21; ἱώνει Ead. 10; ἰώγα Ar. Ach. 898: Lacon. and Tarent. ἐγώνη, Hsch., A.D. Conj. 255.29.
II oblique cases from a difft. root, gen. ἐμοῦ, enclit. μου; Ion. and ἐμέο, ἐμεῦ, μευ, also ἐμέθεν Il. 1.525, E. Hel. 177 (lyr.); Aeol. ἔμεθεν Sapph. Supp. 23.7; ἐμεῖο IG 3.1337; μεθέν Sophr. 20; Dor. ἐμέος, ἐμεῦς, Epich. 144; Boeot. ἐμοῦς Corinn. 37; also ἐμῶς, ἐμίο, ἐμίω, ἐμίως A.D. Pron. 74.17: — dat. ἐμοί, enclit. μοι (which may be compared with Skt. gen. me in κλῦθί μοι Il. 5.115, al.); ὅ μοι πόσις Schwyzer 683 (Cypr.); Dor. ἐμίν Epich. 99, AJA 29.461 (Rhodian, v B. C.), Ar. Ach. 733, Theoc. 4.30; Tarent. ἐμίνη Rhinth. 13: acc. ἐμέ, enclit. με; Cypr. μι Inscr.Cypr. 59,60 H.
III dual, nom. and acc., νῶι, we two, Il. 5.34, etc.; acc. νῶιν Zenod.ad Il. 8.377; Att. νώ Pl. Phdr. 278b (also Il. 5.219, Od. 15.475); νῶε Antim. 39, Corinn. 5: gen., dat. νῶιν; νῷν S. Ant. 3; νῶι dat., Orph. L. 773; νῶιν, = ἡμῖν, Q.S. 1.213, etc. pl., nom. ἡμεῖς (ἡμέες f.l. in Hdt. 2.6, al., rejected by A.D. Pron. 93.1); Aeol. ἄμμες Od. 9.303, Alc. 18.3, Pi. P. 4.144; Dor. ἁμές Alcm. 65, Epich. 42, Ar. Lys. 168: — gen. ἡμῶν (also ἥμων A.D. Synt. 130.23); Ion. ἡμέων Hdt. 1.112, etc.; ἡμείων Od. 24.170, Herod. 1.46; Aeol. ἀμμέων Alc. 88, Milet. 3 No.152.29; ἄμμων ib.74, A.D. Pron. 95.3; Dor. ἁμέων Alcm. 66; ἁμῶν [ Epich. ] 266, Ar. Lys. 168, Theoc. 2.158; Cret., Boeot. ἁμίων SIG 528.5, A.D. Pron. 95.21: — dat. ἡμῖν, in S. also ἡμίν (ῐ) (or ἧμιν Aristarch.ad Il. 1.214, A.D. Pron. 95.3); also rarely in Com., Phryn.Com. 37, Ar. Av. 386 (dub.); Aeol. ἄμμῐν, ἄμμῐ, Il. 1.384, Alc. 80, al., Pi. P. 4.155, A. Th. 156 (lyr.), Milet. 3 No.152; ἄμμεσιν Alc. 100; Dor. also ἁμίν or ἇμιν, Alcm. 77, 78, A. Eu. 347 (lyr.), Ar. Lys. 1081; with ῑ, Id. Ach. 821, Theoc. 7.145: — acc. ἡμᾶς (also ἧμᾰς Od. 16.372); Ion. ἡμέας Il. 8.211, SIG 273.25 (Milet., iv B. C.); ἥμεας Od. 4.294 (cf. Hdn.Gr. 2.140); Aeol. ἄμμε Il. 1.59, Sapph. 115, Theocr.8.25; Dor. ἁμέ SIG 1 (Abu Simbel, vi B. C.), Epich. 173, Ar. Ach. 759 codd., Lys. 95. — On these dialectic varieties, v. A.D. Pron. 50 sqq. (Cf. Skt. ahám (ἐγών), acc. pl. asmâ´n; for νώ cf. Skt. nau): — freq. in answers, as an affirmative, esp. in form ἔγωγε, S. Tr. 1248, Pl. Tht. 149b, etc.; οὗτος ἐ. here am I, Pi. O. 4.26; ὅδ' ἐκεῖνος ἐ. S. OC 138 (lyr.); rarely with Art., τὸν ἐμέ myself, Pl. Tht. 166a, Sph. 239b (but ὁ ἐ. the Self, the Ego, Dam. Pr. 444); τίς ὢν οὗτος ὁ ἐγὼ τυγχάνω; Plu. 2.1119a; τί ἐστι φίλος; ἄλλος ἐ. Pythag. ap. Herm. in Phdr. p.166 A.; τί τοῦτ' ἐμοί; ἡμῖν τί τοῦτ' ἔστ'; Lat. quid mea hoc refert ? Ar. Th. 498, etc.; ἐγώ; in a question, Ar. Eq. 1336, al.; ἡμεῖς the self, ἔνθα δὴ ἡμεῖς μάλιστα Plot. 1.1.7.
ἐγώ ,
gen., etc., ἐμοῦ , ἐμοί , ἐμέ (enclitic μου , μοι , με ), pl., ἡμεῖς , -ῶν , -ῖν , -ᾶς , pers. pron.
I. (a) The nom, is usually emphatic, when expressed as subjc., as in Matthew 3:11, Mark 1:8, Luke 3:16, al. But often there is no apparent emphasis, as Matthew 10:16, John 10:17; ἰδοὺ ἐ . (= Heb. H2005, cf. 1 Samuel 3:8), Acts 9:10; ἐ . (like Heb. H589), I am, John 1:23 (LXX), Acts 7:32 (LXX).
(b) The enclitic forms (v. supr.) are used with nouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs, where there is no emphasis: ἐν τ . πατρί μου , John 14:20; μου τ . λόγους , Matthew 7:24; ὀπίσω μου , Matthew 3:11; ἰσχυρίτερός μου , ib.; λέγει μοι , Revelation 5:5; also with the prep. πρός , as Mark 9:19, al. The full forms (ἐμοῦ , etc.) are used with the other prepositions, as δι᾿ ἐμοῦ , ἐν ἐμοί , εἰς ἐμέ , etc., also for emphasis, as Luke 10:16, John 7:23, Mark 14:7, al.
(c) The gen. μοῦ and ἡμῶν are often used for the poss. pronouns ἐμός , ἡμέτερος : τ . λαόν μου , Matthew 2:6; μου τῃ ἀπιστιᾳ , Mark 9:24.
(d) τί ἐμοὶ καὶ σοί (= Heb. H1980 H4100, Judges 11:12, al.), i.e. what have we in common: Matthew 8:29, Mark 1:24; Mark 5:7, Luke 8:28, John 2:4; τί γάρ μοι , 1 Corinthians 5:2.
(e) The interchange of ἐγώ and ἡμεῖς , common in Papyri, appears in Pauline Epp. (v. M, Pr., 86 f., M, Th., 131 f.).
(f) κἀγώ (= καὶ ἐγώ ), and I, even I, I also: Matthew 2:8, Luke 2:48, John 6:56, Romans 3:7, 1 Corinthians 7:40, al.; κἀγώ . . . καί , both . . . and, John 7:28.
κἀμέ = καὶ ἐμέ , see ἐγώ .
κἀμοι = καὶ ἐμοί , see ἐγώ .
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
Deissmann (LAE p. 134 ff.) has drawn attention to the parallels to the solemn use of the first personal pronoun in the Fourth Gospel that may be adduced from inscriptions and magical texts. Thus in an inscr. in honour of Isis from Ios, written in ii/iii A.D., the contents of which are pre-Christian, we find—Εἶσις ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ τ [ύρανν ]ος πάσης χόρας. . ἐγὼ νόμους ἀνθρώποις ἐθέμην. . ἐγώ εἰμι Κρόνου θυγάτηρ πρεσβυτάτη al. And similarly in the magical papyrus P Lond 46.145 ff. (iv/A.D.) (= I. p. 69) ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ἀκέφαλος δαίμων. . ἐγώ εἰμι ἡ ἀλήθεια ὁ μεισῶν ἀδικήματα γείνεσθαι ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ al. With the construction of the phrase τί ἐμοὶ καὶ σοί; in John 2:4 we may compare BGU IV. 1141.38 (B.C. 14) ἐδίδουν αὐτῷ διαστολὰς μηδὲν αὐτῶι καὶ ἐκείνωι εἶναι : for its meaning see F. C. Burkitt in JTS xiii. p. 594 f., where it is rendered, ";What have I and thou to do with that?";
On the difficult question of the substitution of ἡμεῖς for ἐγώ see Proleg. p. 86 f., and the Appended Note on ";Did St. Paul use the Epistolary Plural?"; in Milligan Thess. p. 131 f., where the following passages are cited in support of the view that the two numbers can be used interchangeably—P Hib I. 44.1, .4, .5 (B.C. 253) ἐγράψαμεν. . ὁρῶντες. . ὤιμην, P Tebt I. 58.6, .15 (B.C. 111) εὑρήκαμεν. . εὗρον, P Par 43.1 f. (B.C. 154) (= Witkowski.2, p. 79) εἰ ἔρρωσθαι, ἔρρωμαι δὲ καὐτοί, P Flor I. 34.7 (A.D. 342) ὁμολογῶ ὄμνυντες.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
the Fourth Week after Epiphany