the Week of Proper 22 / Ordinary 27
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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #1872 - ἐπακολουθέω
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- to follow (close) upon, follow after
- to tread in one's footsteps i.e. to imitate his example
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this Strong's Number
ἐπᾰκολουθ-έω,
I
1. follow close upon, follow after, pursue, τινί Ar. V. 1328, Pl. Ap. 23c, al.; move with, τῷ ἄλλῳ σώματι Hp. Fract. 16; ἐ. ἡ χεὶρ τοῦ νεκροῦ X. Cyr. 7.3.8.
2. pursue as an enemy, Th. 4.128, 5.65, X. An. [4.1.1], etc.
3. attend to, follow mentally, understand, τῷ λόγῳ Pl. Phd. 107b; τοῖς λεγομένοις Id. Lg. 861c; αὐτοῖς λέγουσι Id. Sph. 243a; κάλλιστ' ἐπακολουθεῖς Id. Lg. 963a, etc.
4. attend to, follow, i.e. obey or comply with, ταῖς τῶν συμμάχων γνώμαις Isoc. 6.90; τοῖς πάθεσι D. 26.18; αὐτῶν τῇ προαιρέσει Philipp. ap. D. 18.167; ταῖς τῶν ποιητῶν βλασφημίαις ἐ. follow them (as authorities), Isoc. 11.38: c. dat.pers., Arist. EN 1096b7.
5. attend to, i.e. execute, a task, τῷ πραττομένῳ Pl. R. 370c; wait upon, of bees, τοῖς βασιλεῦσι Arist. GA 760b15.
6. supervise, attend to, τῇ ἐγχύσει τοῦ γλεύκους PPetr. 2p.136 (iii B.C.), cf. PAmh. 2.40.24 (ii B.C.), etc.: abs., POxy. 1024.33 (ii A.D.), etc.
7. concur, PFay. 24.19 (ii A.D.).
8. verify, check, PEleph. 10.8 (iii B.C.), PGen. 22.1 (i A.D.), etc.
II
1. accompany, result, accrue, τινί Phld. Ir. p.59 W., al.: βλάβος, ζημία ἐ., PRyl. 126.19 (i A.D.), BGU 3.14 (iii A.D.).
2. τὰ ἐπακολουθοῦντα σημεῖα confirmatory, authenticating signs (cf. 1.7), Mark 16:20.
3. of the offspring of cattle, πρόβατα σὺν τοῖς -οῦσι ἄρνασι POxy. 245.11 (i A.D.), cf. 244.9 (i A.D.).
ἐπακολουθέω, ἐπακολούθω; 1 aorist ἐπηκολούθησα; to follow (close) upon, follow after; in the N. T. only metaphorically, τοῖς ἴχνεσι τίνος, to tread in one's footsteps, i. e. to imitate his example, 1 Peter 2:21; with the dative of a person 1 Timothy 5:24 (opposed to προάγω, to go before; the meaning is, 'the sins of some men are manifest now, even before they are called to account, but the misdeeds of others are exposed when finally judgment is held'; cf. Huther (or Ellicott) at the passage); ἔργῳ ἀγαθῷ, to be devoted to good works, 1 Timothy 5:10; used, with the dative of the person to be mentally supplied, of the miracles accompanying the preaching of Christ's ministers, Mark 16:20. (Aristophanes, Thucydides, Xenophon, Plato, and following; occasionally in the Sept..)
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ἐπ -ακολουθέω , -ῶ ,
[in LXX (chiefly metaph.) for H309, H1980, etc.;]
to follow after; in NT metaph.; absol.: Mark 16:20 (illustrated by use in verifying accounts; v. MM, Exp., xiv; Milligan; NTD, 78); c. dat. pers., of sins, 1 Timothy 5:24 (cf. Ellic. and CGT, in l); τ . ἴχνεσιν , 1 Peter 2:21; ἔργῳ ἀγαθῷ , 1 Timothy 5:10.†
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From its original meaning ";follow,"; ";follow after,"; this verb came to be used in a number of closely related senses from iii/B.C. onwards. Thus it means ";am personally present at,"; ";see to,"; in P Petr II. 40(b).6 (iii/B.C.) καλῶς οὖν ποιήσεις ἀποστείλας τινὰ τῆι η ̄, ὃς ἐπακολουθήσει τῆι ἐγχύσει τοῦ γινομένου σου γλεύκους, ";it were well for you, then, to send some one on the 8th who will see to the pouring out of the must which comes to you"; (Ed.) : cf. P Oxy VII. 1024.83 (A.D. 129) ἣν καταθήσεται εἰς τὴν γῆν ὑγιῶς ἐπακολουθούντων τῶν εἰωθότων, ";under the observance of the usual officers"; (Ed.), and ib. 1031.18 (A.D. 228). Hence the meaning develops to ";conform to,"; ";concur with,"; as P Lille I. 4.22 (B.C. 218–7) τῆς πρὸς Θ. ἐπιστολῆς ὑπογέγραφα ὑμῖν τὸ ἀντίγραφον, ὅπως ἐπακολουθοῦντες ποιῆτε κατὰ [τα ]υ ̣̑τα, ";pour que vous vous y conformiez"; (Ed.), P Fay 24.19 (A.D. 158) ἐγρ (άφη) δ (ιὰ ] Σα ̣ . . .. ς νομο [γ ]ρ (άφου) ἐπακολουθοῦντος Διοδώρου ὑπηρέτου, ";written by S . . .. , scribe of the nome, with the concurrence of Diodorus, clerk,"; and similarly P Grenf II. 62.14 (A.D. 211). The derived meaning ";ensue,"; ";result,"; is common, as P Ryl II. 126.19 (A.D. 28–9) ἐξ οὗ βλάβος μοι ἐπηκλούθ (ησεν) (l. ἐπηκολ —) οὐκ ὀλίγον, ";by which no small loss resulted to me,"; BGU I. 72.12 (A.D. 191) οὗ χολικὴν βλάβην ἐπεκολούθησεν, ib. 2.14 (A.D. 209) ὡς ἐκ τούτου οὐκ ὀλίγη μοι ζημία ἐπηκολούθησεν, P Oxy X. 1255.19 (A.D. 292) τῶν μετρημάτων γ ̣[ι ]ν ̣ο ̣μ ̣ε ̣ν ̣ω ̣[ν ] εἰς τὸ μηδεμίαν μέμψιν ἐπακολουθῆσαι, and from the inscrr. Syll 325.26 (i/B.C.). Another development of meaning is ";ratify,"; as in P Gen I. 22.1 (A.D. 37–8) Ἐπίμαχος Ζωπύρου ἐ [π ]ηκολλούθηκα τῇ [πρ ]οκειμένῃ διαγραφῇ, P Oxy II. 260.20 (A.D. 59), P Ryl II. 122.20 (A.D. 127), P Flor I. 1.29 (A.D. 153), and more particularly ";verify,"; ";check"; an account, as in the signatures to a series of tax receipts P Tebt I. 100.20 f. (B.C. 117–6) Δρεῦο ̣ς ἐπηκλούθηκα (l. ἐπηκολ —), Ἀκουσίλαος ἐπηκολούθηκα. This last usage throws an interesting side-light on [Mk] 16.20 τοῦ κυρίον. . . τὸν λόγον βεβαιοῦντος διὰ τῶν ἐπακολουθούντων σημείων : the signs did not merely follow, they acted as a kind of authenticating signature to the word (cf. Milligan Documents, p. 78 f.). We need only cite further the usage in registration documents, e. g. P Oxy II. 244.9 (A.D. 23) τοὺς ἐπακολουθ (οῦντας) ἄρνας [κ ]αὶ ἐρίφους, ";the lambs and kids that may be produced"; (Edd.), ib. 245.11 (A.D. 26). See also the important discussion on the verb in Wilcken Ostr i. pp. 76 f., 640, and cf. Archiv ii. p. 103, iii. p. 14. In P Oxy VI. 909.4 (A.D. 225) the mother of certain minors is described as ἐπακολουθήτρια, ";a concurring party"; : cf. P Lips I. 9.6 (A.D. 233) and see Chrest. II. i. p. 250 f. For the subst. ἐπακολούθησις cf. P Ryl II. 233.14 (ii/A.D.) μηδὲν χωρὶς ἐπακολουθήσεως αὐτοῦ ἀγοράζεται, ";nothing is being bought without his cognizance"; (Edd.), P Oxy XII. 1473.8 (A.D. 201) γ ]ράμματα ἐκδιδομένη τῆς ἐπακολουθήσεως τῷ Ὡρείωνι, ";delivering to Horion the documents of settlement"; (Edd.). Note the syncopated form which persists in MGr ἀκλουθῶ, and cf. P Tebt I. 100.20 (quoted above) for its early date, B.C. 117&nd;16.
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