the Week of Proper 21 / Ordinary 26
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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #2521 - κάθημαι
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- to sit down, seat one's self
- to sit, be seated, of a place occupied
- to have a fixed abode, to dwell
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κάθημαι,
Ion. κάτ-, 2 sg. κάθησαι (Ion. κάτ- Hdt. 3.134) X. Cyr. 3.1.6, prob.in Call. Sos. vi4, κάθῃ Hyp. Fr. 115, Acts 23:3, dub.l.in Com.Adesp. 1203, (προ-) Them. Or. 13.171a codd.; 3 sg. κάθηται Ar. Lys. 597, Pl. Ap. 35c, D. 9.70, SIG 987.26 (Chios, iv B.C.); Ion. 3 pl. κατέαται Hdt. 2.86; imper. κάθησο Il. 2.191, E. IA 627; κάθου Ar. Fr. 620, Anaxandr. 13, Men. 1017, Alex. 224; κάθουσο Sch. Theoc. 11.42; 3 sg. καθήσθω A. Pr. 916; 3 pl. καθήσθωσαν IG 9(2).1109.38 (Thess.); subj. καθῶμαι, κάθῃ Cratin. 277, καθῆται Ar. Eq. 754; opt. καθοίμην Id. Ra. 919, prob.in Id. Lys. 149; inf. καθῆσθαι; part. καθήμενος: impf. ἐκαθήμην Ar. Ec. 152, D. 48.31, etc., ἐκάθητο h.Bacch. 14, Ar. Av. 510, Th. 5.6, ἐκάθησθε Ar. Ach. 638, ἐκάθηντο, Ion. ἐκατέατο v.l. in Hdt. 3.144, 8.73; also without syll. augm. καθῆστο Il. 1.569, E. Ba. 1102, Ph. 1467, Pl. R. 328c, Isa 6.19, καθῆτο D. 18.169,217; Ion. κατῆστο Hdt. 1.46, καθῆσθε D. 25.21 (with vv. ll.), καθῆντο Ar. Ec. 302, v.l. in Th. 5.58; καθήατο Il. 11.76; Ion. κατέατο Hdt. 3.144, 8.73, 9.90 (v.l. καθ-): the later fut. καθήσομαι LXX Leviticus 8:35, Luke 22:30 is corrupt in E. Fr. 960: —
1. to be seated, sit, αὐτός τε κάθησο καὶ ἄλλους ἵδρυε λαούς Il. 2.191; κάθησ' ἑδραία E. Andr. 266: freq. in part., πέτρῃ ἔπι προβλῆτι καθήμενος Il. 16.407; ἐπ' ἀκτῆς κλαῖε κ. Od. 5.82; κ. οἶος ἐν Ἴδῃ Il. 8.207; ἐν ἀγῶνι κ. 23.448; κλαῖον δ' ἐν λεχέεσσι κ. Od. 10.497; θύρῃσι κ. 17.530; ἐπὶ ταῖσι θύραις Ar. Nu. 466; αὐτόθεν ἐκ δίφροιο κ. even from his seat as he sat there, Od. 21.420; καθήμεθ' ἄκρων ἐκ πάγων S. Ant. 411; ἐκ μέσου κατῆστο sate aloof, remained neutral, Hdt. 3.83, cf. 4.118, 8.73; ἐν θρόνῳ κ. Id. 2.149; θρόνῳ κ. E. El. 315; κ. πρὸς τάφῳ Id. Hel. 1084; πρὸς τὸ πῦρ Ar. V. 773; ἐπὶ δίφρου Pl. R. 328c; ἐπὶ τῶν ἵππων X. Cyr. 4.5.54; ἐπὶ τοῦ ἅρματος Acts 8:28; ἐς τοὐργαστήριον Alciphr. 3.27: c. acc. cogn., ἕδραν κ. E. Heracl. 55: c. acc. loci, sit on, ὀφρύην ib. 394.
2. esp. of courts, councils, assemblies, etc., sit: οἱ καθήμενοι the judges, the court, And. 1.139, D. 6.3, etc.; δικαστὰς οὐχ ὁρῶ καθημένους Ar. Nu. 208; ὑμεῖς οἱ καθήμενοι you who sit as judges, Th. 5.85; οὐκ ἐπὶ τούτῳ κ. ὁ δικαστής Pl. Ap. 35c; κ. ὑπὲρ τῶν νόμων D. 58.25; of the βουλή, And. 1.43; βουλῆς περὶ τούτων καθημένης D. 21.116; of an assembly, X. An. 5.10.5; οἱ κ. the spectators in a theatre, Hegesipp. 1.29.
3. sit still, sit quiet, ὕψι περ ἐν νεφέεσσι καθημένω Od. 16.264; σφοῖσιν ἐνὶ μεγάροισι καθήατο (for ἐκάθηντο) Il. 11.76; ἐν πένθεϊ μεγάλῳ κατῆστο Hdt. 1.46; μετὰ κόπον κ. rest after labour, S. Fr. 479.3: and, in bad sense, sit doing nothing, lie idle, Il. 24.403, Hdt. 3.134; of an army, Id. 9.56, Th. 4.124; of a boat's crew, PCair.Zen. 107.6 (iii B.C.); οὐδὲν ποιοῦντες ἐνθάδε καθήμεθα, μέλλοντες ἀεί D. 11.17, cf. 2.23, S. Fr. 142.20, etc.; also, of an army, to have its quarters, be encamped, περὶ τὰς Ἀχαρνάς Th. 2.20, cf. 101; ἐχθρῶν ὑπ' αὐτοῖς τείχεσιν καθημένων E. Ph. 752.
4. reside in a place, LXX Nehemiah 11:6; λαὸς καθήμενος ἐν σκοτίᾳ Matthew 4:16; settle, εἰς Σινώπην Muson. Fr. 9p.43H.
5. lead a sedentary, obscure life, ἐν σκότῳ καθήμενος Pi. O. 1.83; ἔσω καθημένη A. Ch. 919; αἱ βαναυσικαὶ [ τέχναι ] ἀναγκάζουσι καθῆσθαι X. Oec. 4.2; to be engaged or employed, esp. in a sedentary business, ἐπ' αὐτῷ τούτῳ Hdt. 2.86; κ. ἐπὶ τῇ τραπέζῃ, of bankers, D. 49.42, cf. 45.33; ἐπ' ἐργαστηρίου Id. 59.67; ἐπὶ τοῦ.. ἰατρείου Aeschin. 1.40; καθῆσθαι ἐν πόλει, opp. ζῆν ἐν Χωρίῳ, Muson. Fr. 11p.59H.
6. sit as a suppliant, ἐν Δελφοῖσι Hdt. 5.63, cf. Orac.ib. 7.140.
7. of districts and countries, lie, Χωρία ὁμοίως καθήμενα Thphr. HP 8.8.7. to be low-lying, τὰ λεῖα καὶ καθήμενα Ael. VH 3.1, cf. NA 16.12; πεδίον κ. Him. Or. 14.17; πόπανον.. κ. δωδεκόμφαλον prob. flat in the middle, IG 22.1367.
8. of a statue, to be placed, Pl. Smp. 215b, Arist. Pol. 1315b21.
9. of things, to be set or placed, λαγῴοις ἐπ' ἀμύλῳ καθημένοις Telecl. 32, cf. Pherecr. 108.17; τὸ πηδάλιον κ. πλάγιον Arist. Mech. 851a4, cf. ib. 13.
κάθημαι, 2 person singular κάθῃ a later form for κάθησαι (Acts 23:3), imperative κάθου for κάθησο (yet cf. Kühner, as below) (cf. Lob. ad Phryn., p. 359; Krüger, § 38, 6f i., p. 147; Kühner, § 301 i., p. 671; Winers Grammar, § 14, 4; (Buttmann, 49 (42))) (subjunctive 2 person plural κάθησθε, Luke 22:30 Tr marginal reading; but WH text κάθησθε; see Veitch, under the word; Krüger, § 38, 6, 1 (cf. καθίζω), infinitive καθῆσθαι, participle καθήμενος); imperfect ἐκαθήμην; and once the rare (cf. Veitch, p. 347) future καθήσομαι, Luke 22:30 T Tr text WH marginal reading (so WH in Matthew 19:28 also; cf. καθίζω, at the end); (ἧμαι); a verb of which only the present and imperfect are in use in classical Greek (cf. Buttmann, 60 (52)); the Sept. for יָשַׁב;
1. to sit down, seat oneself: followed by ἐν with the dative of place (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 52, 4, 9), Mark 4:1; Luke 22:55 (here T Tr WH μέσος); εἰς, Mark 13:3 (Buttmann, § 147, 16); μετά with the genitive of person, Matthew 26:58; κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μου, i. e. be a partner of my power, Matthew 22:44; Mark 12:36 (Tr text WH marginal reading κάθισον); Luke 20:42; Acts 2:34; Hebrews 1:13 (Psalm 109:1
2. to sit, be seated, of a place occupied: followed by ἐν with the dative of place (Winer's Grammar, as under 1), Matthew 11:16; Matthew 26:69; ἐν τῇ δεξιά τοῦ Θεοῦ, Colossians 3:1; ἐν τοῖς δεξιοῖς, Mark 16:5; ἐπί τίνος, Matthew 24:3; Matthew 27:19; (Acts 20:9 R G); ἐπί τοῦ θρόνου (but also, especially in the critical editions, with the dative and the accusative (see below); cf. Alford on the following passages), Revelation 4:2 etc.; τῆς νεφέλης (or with the accusative), Revelation 14:15, and in other examples; ἐπί τίνι, Acts 3:10; ἐπί τί (cf. Buttmann, 338 (291)), Matthew 9:9; Mark 2:14; Luke 5:27; John 12:15; Revelation 4:4; Revelation 6:2 (R dative (as in the following)) Revelation 6:4; Revelation 11:16; Revelation 17:3; Revelation 19:11; παρά τήν ὁδόν, Matthew 20:30; Mark 10:46; Luke 18:35; πρός τό φῶς, Luke 22:56; ἐπάνω τίνος, Matthew 23:22; Revelation 6:8; περί τινα, Mark 3:32, 34; ἀπέναντι τίνος, Matthew 27:61; ἐκ δεξιῶν τίνος, Matthew 26:64; Mark 14:62; Luke 22:69; ἐκεῖ, Mark 2:6; οὗ, where, Acts 2:2 (L καθεζόμενοι); Revelation 17:15; without specification of place, Mark 5:15; Luke 5:17; Luke 8:35; John 2:14; John 9:8; 1 Corinthians 14:30. κάθημαι as descriptive of a certain state or condition is used of those who sit in discharging their office, as judges, κάθῃ κρίνων, Acts 23:3; of a queen, equivalent to to occupy the throne, to reign (A. V. I sit a queen), Revelation 18:7; of money-changers, John 2:14; of mourners and penitents: ἐν σάκκῳ, clothed in sackcloth, ἐν σποδῷ, covered with ashes, Luke 10:13; of those who, enveloped in darkness, cannot walk about, Matthew 4:16; Luke 1:79 (Isaiah 42:7); of a lame man, Acts 14:8. equivalent to to have a fixed abode, to dwell: ἐπί πρόσωπον τῆς γῆς, Luke 21:35; Revelation 14:6 (where Rec. κατοικοῦντας); ἐπί θρόνον, Revelation 20:11 G T (WH marginal reading; but see above); ἐν Ἱερουσαλήμ, Nehemiah 11:6; (ἐν ὄρει Σαμαρείας, Sir. 50:26. Compare: συγκάθημαι).
καθημέρανκαθημέραν, equivalent to καθ' ἡμέραν, see ἡμέρα, 2, p. 278{a}.
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κάθ -ημαι ,
[in LXX chiefly for H3427;]
in cl. pres. and impf. only (prop. pf. and plpf. of καθέζομαι ; cf. Bl., § 24), in LXX and NT fut. also, to sit, be seated: Matthew 11:16; Matthew 22:44 (LXX), Mark 2:6, John 6:3, Acts 2:2, James 2:3 (on the vulgar imper. κάθου , v. Kennedy, Sources, 162), Revelation 4:3, al.; seq. prep. c. acc, ἐπί , Matthew 9:9, Mark 2:14, John 12:16; παρά , Matthew 13:1, Mark 10:46; περί , Mark 3:32; Mark 3:34; πρός , Luke 22:56; ὑπό , James 2:3; εἰς , Mark 13:3; μετά , c. gen. pers., Matthew 26:58; ἐκ δεξιῶν , Matthew 22:44; ἐπάνω , c. gen., Matthew 28:2; ἀπέναντι , c. gen., Matthew 27:61; ἐπί , c. dat., Acts 3:10; id. c. gen., Acts 8:28; ἐκεῖ , Matthew 15:29; pleonastic (M, Pr., 230, 241; Dalman, Words, 22), Matthew 13:2, Acts 23:3, Revelation 18:7; metaph., Matthew 4:16, Luke 1:79 (LXX); of one's domicile (Nehemiah 11:6, Sirach 50:26; Hdt., v, 63), Luke 21:31, Acts 2:2, Revelation 14:6 (cf. συν -κάθημαι ).
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P Petr III. 42 H (8)f .21 (mid. iii/B.C.) ἡμέρας κ ̄ ἐκάθητο, P Par 18.11 κάτισον ἕς (l. κάθησον ἕως) ἴδωμεν τί μέλλομεν ποιεῖν, BGU IV. 1141.33 (B.C. 14) εὑρι ̣σ ̣κ ̣ω ̣ι ̣ αὐτὸν καθήμενο (ν), ib. 1078.8 (A.D. 39) οὐ γὰρ ἀργὸν δεῖ με καθῆσθαι. With the use of κάθημαι in Acts 23:3, cf. the curious interview between an Emperor (? Commodus) and a certain Appianus, who has been condemned to death, where, in view of an impending riot, a soldier is represented as saying to the Emperor—κύριε, κάθῃ Ῥωμαῖοι γονγύζο [υσ ]ι, ";Lord, while you are sitting in judgement, the Romans are murmuring"; (Edd.) (P Oxy I. 33 verso iii. 13, late ii/A.D.). For the form κάθου (Mark 12:36, Acts 2:34, from Psa. 110꞉1 [MT Psalms 111:1]), see Maidhof, p. 300 : cf. Menander Fragm. p. 254, where Kock quotes other three passages from comic poets. With Pelagia-Legenden, p. 4.4 καθημένη εἰς βαδιστήν, ";seated on an ass,"; Musonius p. 43.18 καθῆσθαι εἰς Σινώπην, ";to settle in S.,"; cf. Mark 13:3, Acts 8:40. Musonius p. 59.7, uses the word of an idle, sedentary life. For the Aramaism in Mark 4:1 see s.v. ἐμβαίνω. MGr κάθομαι.
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