the Week of Proper 22 / Ordinary 27
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Bible Lexicons
Old Testament Hebrew Lexical Dictionary Hebrew Lexicon
Strong's #7901 - שָׁכַב
- Brown-Driver-Briggs
- Strong
- to lie down
- (Qal)
- to lie, lie down, lie on
- to lodge
- to lie (of sexual relations)
- to lie down (in death)
- to rest, relax (fig)
- (Niphal) to be lain with (sexually)
- (Pual) to be lain with (sexually)
- (Hiphil) to make to lie down
- (Hophal) to be laid
- (Qal)
- Book
- Word
did not use
this Strong's Number
2834) bks (סהכב ShKB) AC: Lay CO: Bed AB: Copulation: A laying down for copulation. [from: bs]
V) bks (סהכב ShKB) - Lay: To lay down for copulation, rest or sleep. KJV (212): (vf: Paal, Niphal, Hiphil, Hophal, Pual) lie, sleep, rest - Strongs: H7901 (שָׁכַב)
Nf1) ebks (סהכבה ShKBH) - Lying: A laying with another in copulation. Also something spread out. KJV (9): copulation, lie, carnally, from - Strongs: H7902 (שִׁכְבָה)
cf2) tbfks (סהכובת ShKWBT) - Copulation: KJV (4): lie - Strongs: H7903 (שְׁכֹבֶת)
hm) bksm (מסהכב MShKB) - Bed: [Hebrew and Aramaic] KJV (52): bed, couch - Strongs: H4903 (מִשְׁכַּב), H4904 (מִשְׁכָּב)
Jeff Benner, Ancient Hebrew Research Center Used by permission of the author.
1 below), Lzb375; Ethiopic lie, Aramaic שְׁכַב, ; Nabataean משכבא couch; Arabic only pour out (water, tears), be poured out (compare
Hiph`il below, and Lag BN 63)); —
Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳שׁ Genesis 26:10 +, etc.; Imperfect יִשְׁכַּב Genesis 30:15 +, 3 masculine plural יִשְׁכְּבֻן 1 Samuel 2:22, יִשְׁכָּב֑וּן Joshua 2:8; Job 30:17, etc.; Imperative masculine singular שְׁכַב 2 Samuel 13:5; Ezekiel 4:4, שִׁכְבָה Genesis 39:7,12, etc.; Infinitive absolute שָׁכֹב Leviticus 15:24; construct שְׁכַב 1 Kings 1:21 +, suffix שָׁכְבוֺ Ruth 3:4, שִׁכְבָהּ Genesis 19:33,35, שָׁכְבְּךָ Deuteronomy 6:7 2t.; Participle שֹׁכֵב Genesis 28:13 +, feminine שֹׁכֶ֫בֶת Micah 7:5; Ruth 3:8, etc.; —
1 lie down (sometimes opposed to קוּם, הֵקִיץ):
a. Judges 5:27 (prostrated by blow, + כָּרַע, נָפַל).
b. to sleep, Genesis 19:4 (J), Genesis 28:11 (E), 1 Samuel 3:5; Deuteronomy 7:7; Proverbs 6:22 + often; read וַיִּשְׁכַּב also (for וַיַּשְׁכֵּם) 1 Samuel 9:26 ᵐ5 Th We Dr and modern; ׳שׁ + יָשֵׁן sleep 1 Kings 19:5; Psalm 3:6; Psalm 4:9, compare Proverbs 3:24 (twice in verse), + נִרְדָּם Jonah 1:5; = be lying 1 Samuel 3:2,3; 1 Samuel 26:5 (all בְּ local), 1 Samuel 26:7; 1 Samuel 4:5 (accusative of congnate meaning with verb noon-repose), 2 Samuel 13:8, compare שֹׁכֵב בְּלֶביָֿם Proverbs 23:34, of two lying (together, for warmth) Ecclesiastes 4:11; + be sleeping 1 Samuel 26:7 = keep lying, with עַד Judges 16:3; 1 Samuel 3:15; Ruth 3:13; Proverbs 6:9; emphasis on resting, Leviticus 26:6 (H), Job 11:18; token of mourning, וְשָׁכַב אָ֑רְצָה (וְלָן) 2 Samuel 12:16, compare 2 Samuel 13:21, בַּשָּׂק׳שׁ 1 Kings 21:27, בֵּין שְׁפַתָּ֑יִם׳שׁ Psalm 68:14 (of indolence?); figurative of prostration by disease Psalm 41:9; among foes Psalm 57:5; of humiliation Jeremiah 3:25; with עַל of thing: land Genesis 28:13 (J), usually bed 2 Samuel 13:5; 1 Kings 21:4; Leviticus 15:4,24,26, compare Leviticus 15:20, for midday repose 2 Samuel 4:7.
c. lie on (עַל) one's side Ezekiel 4:4 (twice in verse); Ezekiel 4:6,9 (symbolic).
d. lie, עַל person 1 Kings 3:19 (fatally), 2 Kings 4:34 (to revive).
e. lie בְּחֵיק, of lamb (i.e. be cherished) 2 Samuel 12:3, of woman Micah 7:5 (intimacy), 1 Kings 1:2 (vital warmth); lie down for copulation Genesis 19:33,35 (of woman, see
3 below; both opposed toקוּם).
2 = lodge (for night), (שָׁ֫מָּהׅ׳שׁ Joshua 2:1 (E), 2 Kings 4:11, compare 2 Kings 9:16 (yet perhaps = lie ill), Leviticus 14:47 (בְּ local).
3 of sexual relations, lie with: subject Prayer of Manasseh , with עִם Genesis 30:15,16; Genesis 39:7,12,14 (J), Exodus 22:13 (E), Deuteronomy 22:22 8t. Deuteronomy; 2 Samuel 11:4,11; 2 Samuel 12:11,24; Leviticus 15:33; with אֶת feminine with (ᵑ0אֹתָהּ, etc., originally אִתָּהּ, etc., see Dr 2 Samuel 13:14 and II. אֵת, p. 85:a above), Genesis 26:10; Genesis 34:2,7; Genesis 35:22 (all J), 1 Samuel 2:22 (omitted by ᵐ5 and modern), 2 Samuel 13:14; Ezekiel 23:8 (figurative), Leviticus 15:24 (שָׁכֹב יִשְׁכַּב), Numbers 5:19, also (with accusative of congnate meaning with verb שִׁכְבַתזֶֿרַע) Numbers 5:13; Leviticus 15:18; Leviticus 19:20; with accusative (suffix) feminine Deuteronomy 28:30 Kt (see [ שָׁגֵל]); with אֵצֶל feminine Genesis 39:10 (J); with אֵת of a man (sodomy), Leviticus 18:22; Leviticus 20:13 (both H; with accusative of congnate meaning with verb מִשְׁכְּבֵי אִשָּׁה); with עִםבְּֿהֵמָה Deuteronomy 27:21; Leviticus 22:18 (H); subject woman, with עִם of a man Genesis 19:32,34,35 (J) 2 Samuel 13:11; אֵת of a man Genesis 19:33,34 (compare 1 e above).
4. a. lie down in death, Isaiah 14:8; Isaiah 43:17 (opposed to קוּם), Ezekiel 31:18; Ezekiel 32:27,28,29,30; Job 14:12 (opposed to קוּם, הֵקִיץ), וְאֶשְׁקוֺט׳שׁ Job 3:12; be lying (dead) Isaiah 51:20; Lamentations 2:21.
b. especially in phrase עִם אֲבוֺתָיו׳שׁ lie down with his fathers, of kings 1 Kings 1:21; 1 Kings 2:10 35t. Kings Chronicles, compare Genesis 47:30 (J) Deuteronomy 31:16, and (with אֵת) 2 Samuel 7:12
c. in grave, בְּבֵיתוֺ Isaiah 14:18 (opposed to מִקִּבְרְךָ), שֹׁכְבֵי קֶבֶר Psalm 88:6; לֶעָפָר Job 7:21, ׳עַלעֿ Job 20:11; Job 21:26; in sh®°ôl Ezekiel 32:21; in Gehenna (?) Isaiah 50:11.
5 figurative = relax: Job 30:17 my gnawing pains do not sleep; = have rest, לִבּוֺ׳לֹא שׁ Ecclesiastes 2:23.
Niph`al Pu`al = be lain with (sexually; subject woman), only as Qr for Kt [שָׁגֵל]
Niph`al Pu`al q. v.
Hiph`il lay, Perfect 3 feminine singular הִשְׁכִּיבָה with accusative puer. + בְּחֵיק 1 Kings 3:20, so Imperfect 3 feminine singular suffix וַתַּשְׁכִּיבֵהוּ 1 Kings 3:20, compare (עַלמִֿטָּה) 1 Kings 17:19; 2 Kings 4:21; Infinitive absolute הַשְׁכֵּב אוֺתָם אַ֫רְצָה 2 Samuel 8:2 making them lie down on ground; Imperfect also lay בַּמִּשְׁכָּב 2 Chronicles 16:14 (of burial); נִבְלֵי שָׁמַיִם מִי יַשְׁכִּיב Job 38:37i.e. tip them so that contents may flow out (compare Arabic above).
Hoph`al Participle מֻשְׁכָּב 2 Kings 4:32 laid עַלמִֿטָּה; Perfect consecutive וְהֻשְׁכַּב Ezekiel 32:32 shall be laid (in death), with בְּתוֺךְ and אֵת person ( with); so Imperative masculine singular הָשְׁכְּבָה Ezekiel 32:19 (with אֵת person only).
שָׁכַב fut. יִשְׁכַּב, inf. שְׁכַב with suff. שִׁכְבָהּ Genesis 19:33, and שָׁכְבְּךָ (from שְׁכֹב), Deuteronomy 6:7 imp. שְׁכַב, with ה parag. שִׁכְבִה to lie, to lie down. (Syr., Ch., and Eth. ሰከበ፡ id., but Arab. سكب to pour out, which is done by inclining a vessel. The primary stock is כב, כף, which has the power of bending, inclining oneself, compare under כָּפַף, Gr. Lat. κύπτω, cubo, cumbo. As to a sibilant prefixed to a biliteral stock to form triliterals, see p. 783, A. ) Psalms 68:14, “would that ye lay amongst the stalls” (shepherds to take rest). Isaiah 50:11, “ye shall lie down in sorrow.” 1 Kings 3:19, “(the woman) had lain upon it” (the child), and had smothered it; also to lay one’s self down (fich legen), Ezekiel 4:6, “lie on thy right side,” lege dich auf die rechte Seite. Specially used
(a) of those who are going to sleep, to lay oneself down to sleep, Genesis 19:4, 28:11 1 Samuel 3:5, 1 Samuel 3:6, 1 Samuel 3:9; Psalms 3:6, 4:9 1 Kings 19:5; Job 7:4; Proverbs 3:24 and as being asleep, 1 Samuel 3:2; 2 Samuel 11:9; 1 Samuel 26:7; 1 Kings 21:27 also as taking rest, Psalms 68:14 hence to rest, Ecclesiastes 2:23, “even at night his heart doth not rest.” Job 30:17, “my gnawing (pains) take no rest.”
(b) used of those who are sick, 2 Samuel 13:6; 2 Kings 9:16.
(c) of mourners, 2 Samuel 12:16.
(d) of those who are dying (to lay oneself down), very often in speaking of the death of kings in the phrase, וַיִּשְׁכַּב עִם אֲבוֹתָיו 1 Kings 2:10, 11:43 14:20, 31 1 Kings 14:31, 15:8, 24 1 Kings 15:24, 16:6, 28 1 Kings 16:28 and of the dead, Isaiah 14:8, מֵאָז שָׁכַבְתָּ “since thou wast laid down,” hast died [wast destroyed]. Isaiah 14:18, 43:17 Job 3:13, 20:11 21:26. שֹׁכְבֶי קֶבֶר those who lie in the grave, Psalms 88:6.
(e) used of those who lie with a woman, followed by עִם Genesis 26:10, 30:15, 16 Genesis 30:16, 34:2 39:7, 12 Genesis 39:12; Exodus 22:15; Deuteronomy 22:23, seq.; 2 Samuel 12:11 and אֵת Genesis 35:22; 1 Samuel 2:22 with suff. אֹתִי, אֹתָהּ Genesis 34:2; Leviticus 15:18, 24 Leviticus 15:24 (once used of a woman, Genesis 19:32); also with an acc. Deuteronomy 28:30, in קרי (where in the text there is שָׁגַל). Hence
Niphal, to be lain with, ravished (used of a woman), Isaiah 13:16; Zechariah 14:2 and
Pual, id. Jeremiah 3:2 קרי.
Hiphil
(1) to make any one lie down, to prostrate, 2 Samuel 8:2 to lay down, 1 Kings 17:19 to cause to rest, Hosea 2:20.
(2) to pour out a vessel (i.q. Arab. سكب to pour out, see above as to this meaning), Job 38:37.
Hophal הָשְׁכַּב, part. מָשְׁכָּב to be prostrated, to lie, 2 Kings 4:32; Ezekiel 32:19, 32 Ezekiel 32:32.
Derivatives, שְׁכָבָה, שְׁכֹבֶת, מִשְׁכָּב.