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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary
Strong's #4434 - πτωχός
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πτωχός, ή, όν, also ός, όν A. Ag. 1274, S. OC 444, 751: — beggar, Od. 14.400, 18.1, Hdt. 3.14, etc.; πρὸς γὰρ Διός εἰσιν ἅπαντες ξεῖνοί τε πτωχοί τε Od. 6.208, cf. 17.475; πτωχὸς πτωχῷ φθονέει Hes. Op. 26; π. ἀνὴρ ἀλαλήμενος ἐλθών Od. 21.327; π. καὶ ἀλήμονες ἄνδρες 19.74; πτωχοὺς ἀλᾶσθαι E. Med. 515; πτωχοῦ βίος ζῆν ἐστιν μηδὲν ἔχοντα, τοῦ δὲ πένητος ζῆν φειδόμενον Ar. Pl. 552: prov., πτωχοῦ πήρη οὐ πίμπλαται Call. Fr. 360: πτωχή beggar-woman, Ath. 10.453a (so πτωχός (fem.), S. OC 444 ); χήρα πτωχή Mark 12:42 .
2. metaph., οἱ π. τῷ πνεύματι Ev.Matthew 5:3, cf. Ev.Luke 6:20 .
II as Adj., beggarly, πτωχῷ διαίτῃ S. OC 751; π. στοιχεῖα Ep.Galatians 4:9 : c. gen., beggared of, poor in, [ πηγὴ] π. νυμφῶν AP 9.258 ( Antiphan. ).
2. Comp. πτωχότερος Timocl. 6.10; prov., π. κίγκλου 'as poor as a church mouse', Men. 221; irreg. πτωχίστερος Ar. Ach. 425: Sup. πτωχότατος AP 10.50 ( Pall. ).
3. Adv. -χῶς poorly, scantily, ἠροτρία π. μέν, ἀλλ' ἀναγκαίως Babr. 55.2 .
πτωχός , -ή , -όν
(< πτώσσω , to crouch, cower),
[in LXX for H6041, H1800, רָשׁ , etc.;]
of one who crouches and cowers, hence,
1. as subst., a beggar: Luke 14:13; Luke 14:21; Luke 16:20; Luke 16:22.
2. As adj.,
(a) prop., beggarly: metaph., στοιχεῖα , Galatians 4:9 (v. Lft., in l);
(b) in broader sense (opp. to πλούσιος ), poor: Matthew 11:5; Matthew 19:21; Matthew 26:9; Matthew 26:11, Mark 10:21; Mark 12:42-43; Mark 14:5; Mark 14:7, Luke 4:18; Luke 7:22; Luke 18:22; Luke 19:8; Luke 21:3, John 12:5-6; John 12:8; John 13:29, Romans 15:26, 2 Corinthians 6:10, Galatians 2:10, James 2:2-3; James 2:6, Revelation 13:16; Papyri τ . κόσμῳ , James 2:5; metaph., Luke 6:20, Revelation 3:17; Papyri τ . πνεύματι , Matthew 5:3.†
SYN.: πένης G3993, q.v.
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
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