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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #5236 - ὑπερβολή
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- a throwing beyond
- metaph.
- superiority, excellence, pre-eminence
- beyond measure, exceedingly, preeminently
- beyond all measure
- Book
- Word
- Parsing
ὑπερβολ-ή, ἡ, (ὑπερβάλλω)
a throwing beyond others, δίσκων ὑπερβολαῖς Philostr. Im. 2.19: in intr. sense, altitude of a star, Arist. Mete. 342b32.
2. overshooting, superiority, χερῶν ὑπερβολαῖς E. Fr. 434; στρατιᾶς Th. 6.31.
3. excess, τοῦ μεγέθεος Archyt. 1; opp. ἔλλειψις or ἔνδεια, Pl. Prt. 356a, 357a, 357b; θερμασίης Hp. Vict. 2.65; ὑ. δισσὴ.., τῷ ποσῷ καὶ τῷ ποιῷ Arist. PA 668b14; ὑπερβολὴν τῆς ἐπιθυμίας ἔχειν c. acc. et inf., And. 3.33, etc.: hence in various phrases, χρημάτων ὑπερβολῇ.. πρίασθαι at an extravagant price, E. Med. 232; ἐπέφερον τὴν ὑ. τοῦ καινοῦσθαι pushed on their extravagance in revolutionizing, Th. 3.82; οὐκ ἔχον ἐστὶν ὑπερβολήν it can go no further, D. 21.119, cf. 25.54; ἃ μηδὲ πιθανὰς τὰς ὑ. ἔχει Men. Her. 62; so οὐδεμίαν or μηδεμίαν ὑ. λείπειν, Isoc. 4.5,110, cf. D. 3.25; οὐδεμίαν ὑ. καταλείπων φιλοτιμίας SIG 545.13 (Delph., iii B. C.); εἴ τις ὑ. τούτου if there is aught beyond (worse than) this, D. 19.66, cf. Isoc. 5.42; ταῦτ' οὐχ ὑ.; is not this the extreme, the last degree? D. 27.38; ὑπερβολὴν ποιήσομαι I will put an extreme case, Id. 19.332; τοσαύτην ὑ. ποιεῖσθαι ὥστε.. to go so far that.., Id. 18.190: folld. by a gen., ὑ. ποιεῖσθαι ἐκείνων τῆς αὑτοῦ βδελυρίας to carry his own rascality beyond theirs, Id. 22.52, cf. 23.201, And. 4.22, Lys. 14.38; ὑ. ποιεῖν τῆς τιμῆς to raise the price, Arist. Pol. 1259a26; εἰς ὑ. εὐδαιμονίας ἥκειν Isoc. 11.14; τοσαύτας ὑ. δωρειῶν παρές χηται D. 20.141; ὑ. ἀνοίας ἔχειν Polystr.p.27 W.
4. with Pr in Adverbial phrases, = ὑπερβαλλόντως, εἰς ὑπερβολήν in excess, exceedingly; εἰς ὑ. ἄμεινον E. Fr. 494; ἀγαθὸς εἰς ὑ. Antiph. 80.11; ἐς ὑ. ἐκθερμαίνεσθαι Hp. Vict. 2.65: c. gen., κτήσαιτ' ἂν ὄλβον εἰς ὑ. πατρός E. Fr. 282.6 (v.l. εἰς ὑπεκτροφὴν πάτρας); far beyond, τοῦ πρόσθεν εἰς ὑ. πανοῦργος, i. e. far more wicked, Id. Hipp. 939, cf. D. 61.33; ἀναλίσκειν πάντα εἰς ὑπερβολάς Pl. 326d: — ἐξ ὑπερβολῆς Plb. 8.15.8: — καθ' ὑπερβολὰν τοξεύσας with surpassing aim, S. OT 1196 (lyr.); καθ' ὑ. ἐπαινεῖν extravagantly, Isoc. 5.11; οἱ καθ' ὑ. ἐν ἐνδείᾳ ὄντες in extremity of need, Arist. Pol. 1295b18; αἱ καθ' ὑ. ἡδοναί Id. EN 1151a12; τὸ καθ' ὑ. τραχύ Phld. Po.Herc. 994.35; καθ' ὑ. ἁμαρτωλός Romans 7:13 : c. gen., καθ' ὑ. φιλοδοξίας OGI 472.9 (Didyma, i A. D.): — so in dat., εὐτελὴς ὑπερβολῇ Men. 615; παχεῖ' ὑ. Philem. 41; ὑ. ἀγαθός Arist. HA 625a29, etc.
5. preeminence, perfection, without any notion of excess, δι' ἀρετῆς ὑπερβολήν Id. EN 1145a24, cf. Rh. 1367b1, Pol. 1284a4; ἡ ὑ. τῆς φιλίας the best and noblest kind of friendship, Id. EN 1166b1; but ἡ καθ' ὑ. φιλία, = ἡ καθ' ὑπεροχήν, Id. EE 1238b18.
6. overstrained phrase, hyperbole, ὑπερβολὰς εἰπεῖν Isoc. 4.88; οἱ πρὸς ὑπερβολὴν πεπονημένοι λόγοι ib.11; ὑπερβολὰς εἰπεῖν make strong statements, Id. 3.35, D. 27.64; as a figure of speech, Arist. Rh. 1413a29, Demetr. Eloc. 52, Str. 3.2.9; πρὸς -ὴν εἰρημένος Id. 1.2.33.
7. τὸ καθ' ὑπερβολήν the superlative degree, in Adjectives, Arist. Top. 134b24; τιθέναι ὑπερβολῇ ib. 139a9; καθ' ὑ. εἰπεῖν Id. Cael. 281a16.
8. overbid at auction, PPetr. 2p.44 (iii B. C.).
II crossing over, passage of mountains, etc., X. An. 1.2.25, Plb. 3.34.6, etc.
2. in sg. or pl., place of passage, mountain-pass, with or without τοῦ ὄρους, τῶν ὀρέων, X. An. 3.5.18, 4.1.21, 4.4.18; ὑ. τοῦ Ταύρου Wilcken Chr. 1 ii 14 (iii B. C.); αἱ τῶν Ἄλπεων ὑ. Plb. 3.39.10; αἱ Ἄλπιαι ὑ. Str. 7.1.5; ἡ κατὰ τὸν Αἷμον ὑ. D.S. 19.73.
III (from Med.) delay, τοῦ κακοῦ Hdt. 8.112, cf. Decr. ap. D. 18.29, Plb. 14.9.8; [τῆς κρίσεως] ὑ. λαβούσης PEnteux. 65.3 (iii B. C.). the conic section called hyperbola, because the square of the ordinate is equal to a rectangle with height equal to the abscissa applied to the parameter (as base) but exceeding (ὑπερβάλλον), i. e. overlapping, that base, Apollon. Perg. Con. 1.12, Procl. in Euc. p.419F.
ὑπερβολή, ὑπερβολης, ἡ (ὑπερβάλλω, which see), from Herodotus (8, 112, 4) and Thucydides down;
1. properly, a throwing beyond.
2. metaphorically, superiority, excellence, preeminence (R. V. exceeding greatness): with a genitive of the thing, 2 Corinthians 4:7; 2 Corinthians 12:7; καθ' ὑπερβολήν, beyond measure, exceedingly, preeminently: Romans 7:13; 1 Corinthians 12:31 (cf. Winers Grammar, § 54, 2b.; Buttmann, § 125, 11 at the end); 2 Corinthians 1:8; Galatians 1:13 (4 Macc. 3:18; Sophocles O. R. 1196; Isocrates, p. 84 d. (i. e. πρός Φιλ. 5); Polybius 3, 92, 10; Diodorus 2, 16; 17, 47); καθ' ὑπέρ εἰς ὑπερβολήν, beyond all measure (R. V. more and more exceedingly), 2 Corinthians 4:17.
STRONGS NT 5236a: ὑπερεγώ ὑπερεγώ (Lachmann), equivalent to ὑπέρ ἐγώ (see ὑπέρ, II. 2 c.): 2 Corinthians 11:23. Cf. Winer's Grammar, 46 (45).
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** ὑπερ -βολή , -ῆς , ἡ
(< ὑπερβάλλω ),
[in LXX: καθ᾿ ὑ ., 4 Maccabees 3:18*;]
a throwing beyond. Metaph., excess, superiority, excellence: 2 Corinthians 4:7; 2 Corinthians 12:7; καθ᾿ ὑπερβολήν , beyond measure, exceedingly, Romans 7:13, 1 Corinthians 12:31, 2 Corinthians 1:8, Galatians 1:13; κ . ὑ . εἰς ὑ ., beyond all measure, 2 Corinthians 4:17.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
That the traditional rendering ";manger,"; ";feeding-trough,"; in Luk. 2:7; 2:12; 2:16; 13:15, is correct may be confirmed by P Lille I. 17.15 (iii/B.C.) (as read in Berichtigungen, p. 202) τὸ σ ̣[ειτ ]άριον ἑν ̣ὶ φάτ [ν ]ηι, and P Oxy XIV. 17341 ii (ii/iii A.D.), where mention is made of εἰς φάτνας and χορ ]τ ̣οθήκης. See, however, Cadbury in JBL xlv. (1926), p. 317ff., who comes to the conclusion that ";this much at least is probable, that φάτην is a place in the open and that the clause which follows emphasizes the absence of shelter.";
Thumb (Hellen. p. 71) conjectures that the form πάθνη, which survives in MGr, is an Ionism taken over by the Κοινή : see Thackeray Gr. i. p. 106, and Herwerden Lex. s.v. In P Lips I. 106.9 (A.D. 98) Πάθνη is apparently a place-name.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
