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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #5339 - φείδομαι
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- to spare
- to abstain
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did not use
this Strong's Number
φείδομαι,
Anacr. 101, etc.: impf. φείδοντο (without augm.) even in S. El. 716 after a diphth. at the end of the preceding line: fut. φείσομαι Ar. Ach. 312 (troch.), Pl. Ap. 31a, etc., πεφῐδήσομαι Il. 15.215, later fut. Pass. in med. sense φ[ε] ισθήσομαι PUniv.Giss. 21.6 (ii A.D.): aor. 1 ἐφεισάμην Sol. 32.1, A. Th. 412, And. 2.11, etc., Ephesians 3:1-21 sg. φείσατο Il. 24.236: redupl. aor. 2 πεφῐδόμην, used by Hom. in opt. πεφῐδοίμην, πεφίδοιτο, Od. 9.277, Il. 20.464, inf. πεφιδέσθαι 21.101: pf. part. πεφεισμένος Luc. Hist.Conscr. 59 (in med. sense, D.C. 50.20); imper. πεφίδησο IG 14.1363.16; part. πεφιδημένος Nonn. D. 12.392: —
spare:
I spare persons and things, e.g. in war, i.e. not destroy them, c. gen., Τρώων Il. 21.101; ἀνδρός 24.158, cf. Od. 9.277, 22.54, Pl. Ap. 31a; Ἰλίου Il. 15.215; Ἄρης οὐκ ἀγαθῶν φ. Anacr. l. c.; ἀπ' ἀνδρῶν ὧν Ἄρης ἐφείσατο A. Th. 412; γῆς πατρίδος Sol. l.c.; μὴ φείσῃ βίου spare not my life, S. Ph. 749; μὴ φείδεσθε.. στρατοῦ Id. Aj. 844; φ. μήτε ἰδίου μήτε δημοσίου οἰκοδομήματος Th. 1.90, cf. 3.74: abs., spare, be merciful, ib. 59.
II spare persons and things in using them, use sparingly, ἵππων φειδόμενος, i. e. taking care of them, Il. 5.202; πίθου μεσσόθι φ. Hes. Op. 369; φ. ὃν εἶχε βίον (βίον by attraction to the relat.) Thgn. 908; ἰδίᾳ μὲν τῶν [ὄντων] φείδομαι δημοσίᾳ δὲ λῃτουργῶν ἥδομαι Lys. 21.16; φείδεσθε τοὐλαίου σφόδρα Pl. Com.190: in this sense, most freq. with a negat., οὐ φ. not to spare, i. e. to use or give freely, οὐδέ νυ τοῦ περ [δέπαος] φείσατο Il. 24.236; μὴ φείδεο σίτου Hes. Op. 604; θνῄσκωμεν ψυχέων μηκέτι φειδόμενοι Tyrt. 10.14; τᾶς ζωᾶς Id. 15.5; σφετέρας οὐ φείσατο νευρᾶς Pi. I. 6(5).33; φείδεο τῶν νεῶν, μηδὲ ναυμαχίην ποιέο Hdt. 8.68. ά; τούτων φ. μηδενός Id. 9.41, cf. 39; φείδοντο κέντρων οὐδέν S. El. 716; οὐδὲν φ. αὐτῶν οὔτ' ἐν πόνοις κτλ. X. Cyr. 4.2.1, cf. 7.1.29; οὔτε τοῦ σώματος οὔτε τῶν ὄντων And. 2.11; οὐδενὸς ἂν ἐφείσατο τῶν ἑαυτοῦ Lys. 19.24; οὔθ' ἱερῶν κτεάνων οὔτε τι δημοσίων φ. Song of Solomon 4:13; μήτε χρημάτων μήτε πόνων Pl. Phd. 78a: later also c. acc., τῶν συμμάχων and τὰ τῶν συμμάχων both in D.C. 50.20.
2. abs., to be sparing, live thriftily, φείδεσθαι μὲν ἄμεινον Thgn. 931; τοὺς φειδομένους καὶ τοὺς ἀκριβῶς διαιτῶντας And. 4.32; οἱ γεωργοῦντες καὶ φ. D. 24.172, cf. Antipho Soph. 53; freq. in part. φειδόμενος, η, ον, thrifty, Ar. Pl. 247, 553 (anap.), etc.; ὄμμασι φειδομένοις with shrinking, shy eyes, AP 12.21 (Strat.), cf. 5.215 (Agath.), 268 (Id.); αἱ μὴ φ. (sc. μέλισσαι) the un thrifty ones, Arist. HA 627a20: also ἔπαινοι πάνυ πεφεισμένοι Luc. Hist.Conscr. 59; πεφιδημένα δάκτυλα Nonn. D. 12.392; cf. πεφεισμένως, φειδομένως.
III have consideration for, τῆς τοῦ λόγου συμμετρίας Plu. 2.114b: with neg., pay no heed to, οὔτ' ἀνθρώπων φείδεται οὔτε θεῶν AP 5.278 (Paul.Sil.), cf. 7.706 (Diog.). draw back from, refrain from, θαλάσσας Alc. Supp. 4.13 (prob.); κελεύθου Pi. N. 9.20; κινδύνου X. Cyr. 5.5.18; τᾶς θήρας Bion Fr. 10.12; τοῦ λέγειν, τοῦ ἀκολουθεῖν, X. Cyr. 1.6.19 (v.l.), HG 7.1.24; φείδου μηδὲν ὧνπερ ἐννοεῖς S. Aj. 115, cf. E. Med. 401, etc.; οὐδενὸς φεισάμενος οὔτε τῶν πρὸς τοὺς θεοὺς οὔτε τῶν πρὸς τοὺς πολίτας δικαίων SIG 708.36 (Istropolis, ii B.C.): (abs., μὴ φείδεσθε E. Tr. 1285; φείδου μηδέν Id. Hec. 1044; μὴ φείδου, εἴ τι ἔχεις διδάσκειν X. Cyr. 1.6.35): c. inf., spare to do, forbear from doing, dub. in E. Or. 393 (fort. abs., post φείδου δ' distinguendum); also φ. μή τι δρᾶσαι τῶν τυραννικῶν Pl. R. 574b; τί φειδόμεσθα τῶν λίθων.. μὴ οὐ καταξαίνειν τὸν ἄνδρα; Ar. Ach. 319 (troch.). in LXX, with Preps., φ. ἐπί τινι have mercy upon.., Jeremiah 15:5; Jeremiah 21:7; ἐπί τινα Id. 28(51).3; φ. περί τινος to keep one's hands off.., 2 Samuel 12:6 (but φ. περὶ κακώσεως spare to hurt, ib. Si. 13.12); φ. ὑπὲρ τῆς κολοκύνθης John 4:10; ἀπό τινος 1 Samuel 15:3, Ezekiel 24:21; φ. τι ἀπό τινος keep it off, Job 30:10; φ. τῆς ψυχῆς ἀπὸ θανάτου ib. 33.18, cf. Psalms 19:14(18).14; φειδεύμενοι (from contr. φειδέομαι) is cj. for φιλεύμεναι in Eus.Mynd. 17.
φείδομαι; future φείσομαι; 1 aorist ἐφεισάμην; deponent middle; from Homer down; the Sept. for חָמַל, חוּס, חָשַׂך (to keep back); to spare: absolutely 2 Corinthians 13:2; τίνος, to spare one (Winers Grammar, § 30, 10 d.; Buttmann, § 132, 15), Acts 20:29; Romans 8:32; Romans 11:21; 1 Corinthians 7:28; 2 Corinthians 1:23; 2 Peter 2:4f; to abstain (A. V. forbear), an infinitive denoting the act abstained from being supplied from the context: καυχᾶσθαι, 2 Corinthians 12:6 (μή φειδου — namely, διδάσκειν — εἰ ἔχεις διδάσκειν, Xenophon, Cyril 1, 6, 35; with the infinitive added, λέγειν κακά, Euripides, Or. 393; δρασαι τί τῶν τυραννικων, Plato, de rep. 9, p. 574 b.).
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φείδομαι ,
[in LXX for H2550, H2347, H2820, etc.;]
to spare: 2 Corinthians 13:2; c. gen. pers., Acts 20:29, Romans 8:32; Romans 11:21, 1 Corinthians 7:28, 2 Corinthians 1:23, 2 Peter 2:4-5; c. inf., to forbear, 2 Corinthians 12:6.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.