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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #2872 - κοπιάω
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- to grow weary, tired, exhausted (with toil or burdens or grief)
- to labour with wearisome effort, to toil
- of bodily labour
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κοπ-ιάω,
fut. - άσω [ᾱ ]: aor. ἐκοπίᾱσα Men. Phasm. 36: pf. κεκοπίᾱκα Revelation 2:3 : (κόπος): —
I to be tired, grow weary, Ar. Th. 795, Fr. 318.8, LXX Ev Deuteronomy 25:18, al.; κ. τὰ σκέλη Alex. 147, Men.l.c.; κ. ὑπὸ ἀγαθῶν to be weary of good things, Ar. Av. 735; ἐκ τῆς ὁδοιπορίας John 4:6; τῇ διανοίᾳ Erasistr. ap. Gal. Consuet. 1: c. part., κ. ὀρχούμενοι Ar. Fr. 602; ζῶν AP 12.46 (Ascl); μὴ κοπιάτω φιλοσοφῶν Epicur. Ephesians 3 p.59U., cf. Plu. 2.185e: aor. part. κοπιάσας, defunctus laboribus, IG 14.1811: — Med. in act. sense, Arist. Pr. 881a14.
II work hard, toil, Matthew 6:28, etc.; μεθ' ἡδονῆς κ. Vett.Val. 266.6; εἴς τι 1 Timothy 4:10, cf. Romans 16:6; ἔν τινι 1 Timothy 5:17; ἐπί τι LXX Jo. 24.13: c. inf., strive, struggle, μὴ κοπία ζητεῖν Lyr.Alex.Adesp. 37.7.
III = cross κοπάζω, come to rest: arrive at a state of saturation, PLeid.X. 30 (iii/iv A. D.).
κοπιάω, κοπιῶ (3 person plural κοπιουσιν (for κοπιῶσιν), Matthew 6:28 Tr; cf. ἐρωτάω, at the beginning); 1 aorist ἐκοπίασα; perfect κεκοπίακα (2 person singular κεκοπίακες, Revelation 2:3 L T Tr WH, cf. (Winers Grammar, § 13, 2 c.); Buttmann, 43 (38) (and his translation of Apollonius Dyscolus, p. 54 n.; Tdf. Proleg., p. 123; WHs Appendix, p. 166; Sophocles' Lexicon, p. 39)); (κόπος, which see);
1. as in Aristophanes, Josephus, Plutarch, others, to grow weary, tired, exhausted, (with toil or burdens or grief): Matthew 11:28; Revelation 2:3; κεκοπιακώς ἐκ τῆς ὁδοιπορίας, John 4:6 (ὑπό τῆς ὁδοιπορίας,Josephus, Antiquities 2, 15, 3; δραμοῦνται καί οὐ κοπιασουσι, Isaiah 40:31).
2. in Biblical Greek alone, to labor with wearisome effort, to toil (the Sept. for יָגַע ); of bodily labor: absolutely, Matthew 6:28; Luke 5:5; Luke 12:27 (not Tdf.); John 4:38; Acts 20:35; 1 Corinthians 4:12; Ephesians 4:28; 2 Timothy 2:6 (cf. Winers Grammar, 556 (517); Buttmann, 390 (334)); τί, upon a thing, John 4:38. of the toilsome efforts of teachers in proclaiming and promoting the kingdom of God and Christ: 1 Corinthians 15:10; 1 Corinthians 16:16 (cf. John 4:38); followed by ἐν with the dative of the thing in which one labors, ἐν λόγῳ καί διδασκαλία, 1 Timothy 5:17; ἐν ὑμῖν,among you, 1 Thessalonians 5:12; ἐν κυρίῳ (see ἐν, I. 6 b., p. 211b middle (L brackets the clause)), Romans 16:12; εἰς τινα, for one, for his benefit, Romans 16:6; Galatians 4:11 (cf. Buttmann, 242 (200); Winer's Grammar, 503 (469)); εἰς τοῦτο, looking to this (viz. that piety has the promise of life), 1 Timothy 4:10; εἰς ὁ, to which end, Colossians 1:29; εἰς κενόν, in vain, Philippians 2:16 (κενῶς ἐκοπίασα, of the frustrated labor of the prophets, Isaiah 49:4).
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κοπιάω , -ῶ
(< κόπος ),
[in LXX chiefly for H3021;]
1. (as in cl.) to grow weary: Matthew 11:28, John 4:6, Revelation 2:3 (cf. Isaiah 40:31).
2. Hence, in LXX and NT, to work with effort, to toil: absol., Matthew 6:23, Luke 5:5; Luke 12:27, John 4:38, Acts 20:35, 1 Corinthians 4:12, Ephesians 4:28, 2 Timothy 2:5; c. acc rei, John 4:38; freq. in Paul. Epp., of ministerial labour: 1 Corinthians 15:10; 1 Corinthians 16:16; seq. ἐν , Romans 16:12, 1 Thessalonians 5:12 (v. M, Th., in l), 1 Timothy 5:17; εἰς , Romans 16:6, Galatians 4:11, Philippians 2:16, Colossians 1:29, 1 Timothy 4:10.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
The special Biblical sense of this verb, ";work hard,"; ";toil,"; may perhaps be seen in Vett. Val. p. 266.6 ἱλαροὺς περὶ τὰς πράξεις καὶ μεθ᾽ ἡδονῆς κοπιῶντας. Lightfoot on Ignat. ad Polyc. vi. thinks that the notion of ";toilsome training"; for an athletic contest underlies the word, and cites Philippians 2:16, Colossians 1:29, 1 Timothy 4:10, in illustration; but it should be noted that the word can also be used without any such metaphorical reference, as in LXX 2 Kings 17:2 (MT 2 Samuel 17:2), Isaiah 49:4, Sirach 51:27 : see also Field Notes, p. 7. An uncommon usage is found in P Leid XV. 27 (iii/iv A.D.), where in a recipe for making silver the direction occurs—καὶ ἔμβαλε τὴν πίσσαν τὴν ξηράν, ἕως κοπιάσῃ, ";et inicito picem siccam, donec saturatum sit"; (Ed.). For the form κεκοπίακες in Revelation 2:3 see W Schm Gr. p. 113, n.16.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.