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John Xix (or Xx)

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Dictionaries
1910 New Catholic Dictionary
• John Xix, Pope
Encyclopedias
1911 Encyclopedia Britannica
• John XIX
McClintock and Strong's Bible Encyclopedia
• John Xix (or Xx)
The Catholic Encyclopedia
• Pope John XIX (XX)
• Pope John XVIII (XIX)

John XIX (or XX),

Pope, son of count Gregory of Tuscany, procured the papal throne by violence and bribery after the decease of his brother Benedict VIII, in the year 1024, and died in 1034. He crowned the emperor Conrad, but is especially noted for his imbecility and simoniacal inclinations. The latter so much controlled him that he came very near disposing of the Roman supremacy over the Eastern Church for a pecuniary consideration.