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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #1458 - ἐγκαλέω
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- to come forward as accuser against, bring charge against
- to be accused
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ἐγκᾰλέω,
I
1. call in a debt, Isoc. 17.44, X. An. 7.7.33, D. 31.6, 36.14: generally, demand as one's due, ἀργύριον Lys. 3.26.
2. invoke, τὴν τῶν θεῶν ἰατρείαν Str. 14.1.44.
II bring a charge or accusation against a person: — Constr.: c. dat. pers. et acc. rei, charge something against one, φόνους ἐ. τινί S. El. 778, cf. Pl. Ap. 26c, etc.; ἐ. ἔγκλημά τινι Hyp. Lyc. 18, cf. Eux. 24; χόλον κατ' αὐτῶν ἐ. S. Ph. 328: folld. by a relat. clause, ἐ. τινὶ ὅτι.. X. An. 7.5.7: c. inf., ἐστὶν ἃ ἐνεκάλει τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις παραβαίνειν τὰς σπονδάς Th. 4.123: c. part., ἐ. αὐτοῖς ἀμελοῦσιν Pl. Prt. 346a: freq. c. dat. pers. only, accuse, Antipho 4.2.2, etc.; ἐ. περί τινων Inscr.Prien. 28.8 (ii B. C.); ἐπὶ τοῖς διῳκημένοις ib.37.128 (ii B. C.): c. acc. rei only, bring as a charge, εἴ τι ἄλλο ἐνεκάλουν Th. 5.46, cf. 6.53; τὸ νεῖκος ἐγκαλεῖν throw the blame of quarrel on another, S. OT 702: abs., οἱ ἐγκαλέσαντες Arist. Rh.Al. 1437a17: rarely c. gen.rei, τῆς βραδύτητος αὐτοῖς ἐνεκάλει Plu. Arist. 10: —
1. Pass., ἐγκαλεῖται τῇ τύχῃ a charge is brought against.., Arist. EN 1120b17; ἐνίων ἐγκληθέντων ἐπὶ τῷ βίῳ Phld. Piet. p.93 G.; τὰ ἐγκεκλημένα charges, OGI 90.14 (ii B. C.): also with person. constr., ἐγκαλεῖσθαι ὑπέρ τινος D.H. 7.46; τινός D.C. 58.4: — Locr. part. ἐγκαλείμενος may be either Med. or Pass., IG 9(1).334.41.
2. as lawterm, prosecute, take proceedings against, οὔτ' ἐγκαλοῦντες οὔτ' ἐγκαλούμενοι D. 34.1; ἐ. δίκην τινί Id. 40.19; ἐ. τινὶ περί τινος Isoc. 4.40: abs., Ar. Av. 1455.
3. object, c. acc. et inf., Phld. Sign. 29.
ἐγκαλέω (see ἐν, III. 3) ἐγκάλω; future ἐγκαλέσω; imperfect ἐνεκάλουν; (present passive ἐγκαλοῦμαι); properly, to call (something) in someone (ἐν (i. e. probably in his case; or possibly, as rooted in him)); hence, to call to account, bring a charge against, accuse: as in classic Greek followed by the dative of the person (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 30, 9 a.), Acts 19:38; Acts 23:28 (Sir. 46:19); κατά with the genitive of the person to come forward as accuser against, bring a charge against: Romans 8:33. Passive to be accused (cf. Buttmann, § 134, 4 (sec. 133, 9; yet cf. Meyer on Acts as below, Winer's Grammar, as above)); with the genitive of the thing: στάσεως, Acts 19:40, (ἀσεβείας ἐς τόν Τιβεριον ἐγκληθείς, Dio Cassius, 58, 4; active with the dative of the person and the genitive of the thing, Plutarch, Aristotle 10, 9; see Winers Grammar, as above; Matthiae, § 369); περί τούτων, ὧν ἐγκαλοῦμαι, unless this is to be resolved into περί τούτων ἅ, etc., according to the well-known construction ἐγκάλειν τίνι τί, Acts 26:2; περί τίνος (active, Diodorus 11, 83) Acts 23:29; Acts 26:7 (Buttmann, § 133, 9). (In Greek writings from Sophocles and Xenophon down.) (Synonym: see κατηγορέω, at the end.)
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ἐγκαλέω , -ῶ ,
[in LXX for H559, etc.; c. dat., Zechariah 1:4 (H413 H7121), Wisdom of Solomon 12:12, Sirach 46:19;]
1. to call in, demand.
2. to bring a charge against, accuse: c. dat. pers. (as in cl.), Acts 19:38; Acts 23:28; seq. κατά , c. gen. pers., Romans 8:33. Pass., to be accused: c. gen. rei; στάσεως , Acts 19:40; ὧν (perh. by attraction = ἅ ), Acts 26:2; seq. περί , c. gen. rei, Acts 23:29; Acts 26:7 (Cremer, 743).†
SYN.: αἰτιάομαι G156 (q.v.), διαβάλλω G1225, ἐπικαλέω G1941, κατηγορέω G2723.
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
For ἐ. which was early specialized in malam partem, calling in a man to accuse him, and hence ";bring a charge against,"; cf. P Eleph 1.7 (B.C. 311–10) (= Selections, p. 3) ἐπιδειξάτω δὲ Ἡρακλείδης ὅ τι ἂν ἐγκαλῆι Δημητρίαι ἐναντίον ἀνδρῶν τριῶν, ";and let Herakleides state whatever charge he makes against Demetria in the presence of three men,"; and for the passive see BGU I. 22.35 (A.D. 114) (= Selections, p. 76) διὸ ἀξιῶ ἀκθῆναι (l. ἀχθῆναι) τοὺς ἐνκαλουμένους ἐπί σε πρὸς δέουσ (αν) ἐπέξοδον, ";I require therefore that you will cause the accused to be brought before you for fitting punishment,"; and from the inscrr. OGIS 90.14 (Rosetta stone—B.C. 196) τοὺς ἐν αἰτίαις ὄντας ἐκ πολλοῦ χρόνου ἀπέλυσε τῶν ἐνκεκλ (η)μένων. Another ex. from the papyri is P Hamb I. 25.3 (B.C. 238–7) γράφ [ε ]ις μοι ἐπισκεψάμενον περὶ ὧν ἐγκαλεῖ Διομέδων Κάλαι. The verb is very common in the sense of ";make a claim."; Thus in P Petr III. 61.18, after a long list of supplies, we have the statement—ὁμολογεῖ Ἀπολλώνιος ἔχειν κατὰ τὰ προγεγραμμένα καὶ μηθὲν ἐγκαλεῖν, ";Apollonius admits that he has received the above mentioned supplies and makes no further claim"; : cf. PSI I. 30.8 (A.D. 82) πλήρης εἰμὶ καὶ οὐδέν σοι ἐνκαλῶι περὶ οὐδενὸς ἁπλῶς, P Ryl II. 174 (a ).16 (repayment of a loan—(A.D. 139) καὶ μηδὲν τὸν ὁμολογοῦντα ἐνκαλεῖν περὶ ὧν ἀπέχι καθότι πρόκειται μηδὲ περὶ ἄλλου τινὸς ἁπλῶς πρ [ά ]γματος, ";and that he, the acknowledging party, makes no further claim either concerning this money as received aforesaid or concerning any other matter at all"; (Edd.). In P Oxy IX.1204.5 (A.D. 299) we have ἔκκλητον πεποίημαι, ";I brought an action of appeal"; (Ed.) : cf..8 ποιήσας τὰ ἐπὶ τῇ ἐκκλήτῳ δέοντα, ";having taken the proper steps for the appeal"; (id.). Ostr 1154 ὅπου θέλεις ἀναβαλεῖν τὰ ἱμάτιά σου, οὐκ ἐνκαλῶ σε shows the acc. constr. See also Anz Subsidia, p. 377.
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