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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #4192 - πόνος
- Thayer
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- great trouble, intense desire
- pain
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πόνος, ὁ,
( πένομαι )
work, esp. hard work, toil, in Hom. mostly of the toil of war, μάχης π. the toil of battle, Il. 16.568; πόνος alone, = μάχη, 6.77, Od. 12.117, al.; πόνον ἔχειν, = μάχεσθαι, Il. 6.525, cf. 13.2, al.; ἀνδράσι δυσμενέεσσι π. καὶ δῆριν ἔθεντο 17.158; π. ἀνδρῶν Thgn. 987; πόνοι Ἐνυαλίου Pi. I. 6(5).54; ἐν τούτῳ τῷ π. ὁ πολέμαρχος διαφθείρεται in this struggle (at Marathon), Hdt. 6.114; ἐν τοῖσι Τρωϊκοῖσι π. Id. 9.27 .
2. generally, toil, labour, ἐπεὶ παύσαντο πόνου Il. 1.467, al.; π. ὀρνίθεσσι τιθείη cause toil to them, Hes. Op. 470; π. λαβόντας incurring toil, Hdt. 7.24; π. παρέχειν μανθάνοντι Pl. R. 526c; μάταιος π. labour in vain, Id. Ti. 40d; οἱ κατὰ τὰ σώματα π. Id. Plt. 294e; π. συνεχής Democr. 241; πολλῷ π. A. Pers. 509; μετὰ πολλοῦ π. Pl. Sph. 230a; σὺν π. X. Cyn. 9.6; οὐ μακρῷ π. A. Pr. 75; ἄνευ π. X. Mem. 2.6.22; ἔχει πόνον πολύν involves much trouble, Ar. Pax 1216 (also εἰνάλιον π. ἐχοίσας σκευᾶς when the tackle labours in the sea, Pi. P. 2.79 ): pl., π. ἑκούσιοι Democr. 240 .
3. of special kinds of labour, bodily exertion, exercise, στρατιωτικοὶ π. X. Cyr. 3.3.9; of exertions in the games, Hes. Sc. 305, Pi. N. 4.1, l. 4(3).47, etc.; γυμνάσια . ., νεανιᾶν (prob.) πόνον the scene of youthful labours, E. Hel. 211 (lyr.); εἰναλίοισι πόνοισι Theoc. 21.39 .
4. work, task, business, ἐπεὶ π. ἄλλος ἔπειγεν Od. 11.54; enterprise, undertaking, S. Ph. 864 (lyr.), etc.
5. implements for labour, stock-in-trade, οὗτος τοῖς ἁλιεῦσιν ὁ πᾶς πόνος Theoc. 21.14; καὶ πόνος ἐντὶ θάλασσα the sea is their workshop, Mosch. Fr. 1.10 .
II stress, trouble, distress, suffering, Il. 19.227; Τρώεσσι πόνον καὶ κήδε' ἔθηκεν 21.525; ἦ μὴν καὶ π. ἐστὶν . . 2.291; ἐν τούτῳ τῷ π., of a storm, Hdt. 7.190; ὁ Μηδικὸς [π. ] the trouble from the Medes, Id. 4.1; παῦροι ἐν πόνῳ πιστοί Pi. N. 10.78: freq. in Trag., πόνος πόνῳ πόνον φέρει S. Aj. 866 (lyr.); πόνον ἔχειν Id. OC 232 (lyr.), etc.: in pl., sufferings, A. Pr. 66, 328, etc.; πόνους πονεῖν (cf. πονέω B. 1.2 ); διά τινα πόνους ἔχειν Ar. Ec. 975 (lyr.); also of disease, κατέβαινεν ἐς τὰ στήθη ὁ π. Th. 2.49; πλευρᾶς πόνοι καὶ θώρακος καὶ ἥπατος Dsc. 1.2; ἰσχίων π. καὶ πλευρᾶς ib. 73.
2. pain, esp. physical, δύο π. ἅμα γενομένων, μὴ κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν τόπον, ὁ σφοδρότερος ἀμαυροῖ τὸν ἕτερον Hp. Aph. 2.46, cf. Erot. s.v. πόνοι, Gal. 17(2).699; π. ἐν κεφαλῇ Hp. Acut.(Sp. ) 40; ἐς τὰ ἄρθρα πόνοι Id. Aph. 4.44, 45, cf. Sor. 1.27, al.; π. ἐς ἀμφοτέρας κνήμας Hp. Epid. 1.26 . γ, cf. δ, al., LXX Genesis 34:25; distd. from λύπη (pain in general), Alex.Aphr. Quaest. 125.33; but sts. = λύπη, Epicur. Ephesians 3 p.65U., Sent.Vat. 4, Fr. 442, Phld. Mus. p.72K. III anything produced by work, a work, μελισσᾶν τρητὸς π., of honey, Pi. P. 6.54; ὑψηλὸς τεκτόνων π. A. Fr. 357, cf. E. Or. 1570; ὁ ἐμὸς ὠδίνων π., of a child, Id. Ph. 30; so, πόνον ὀρταλίχων ὀλέσαντες, i.e. the nestlings, A. Ag. 54 (anap.); τοὺς ἡμετέρους π. the fruits of our labour, X. An. 7.6.9 . Πόνος personified as son of Eris, Hes. Th. 226 .
πόνος, πόνου, ὁ (πένομαι (see πένης)), from Homer down, the Sept. for עָמָל, יְגִיעַ , etc., labor, toil;
1. equivalent to great trouble, intense desire: ὑπέρ τίνος (genitive of person), Colossians 4:13 (where Rec. has ζῆλον (cf. Lightfoot at the passage)).
2. pain: Revelation 16:10; Revelation 21:4. (Synonym: see κόπος, at the end.)
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πόνος , -ου , ὁ
[in LXX for H5999, etc.;]
1. labour, toil: Colossians 4:13
2. The consequence of toil, distress, suffering, pain (Xen., al., LXX): Revelation 16:10-11; Revelation 21:4.†
SYN.: see κόπος G2873.
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
";call forth,"; ";challenge,"; though occurring in classical writers from Homer downwards, is found only in Galatians 5:26 in Biblical Greek (except in 2 Maccabees 8:11 A) : but cf. BGU IV. 1024v. 5 (end of iv/A.D.) τ [οῦτο ] γὰρ προκαλ [εῖ ] ἐμ ̣ε ̣̣ τ ̣ο ̣, ν ̣ δ [ι ]κά [ζ ]οντα. In a letter addressed to the Smyrnaeans, Syll 414 (= .3 876).6 (A.D. 198) (= Lafoscade, p. 33 f.) the Emperors Septimius Severus and Caracalla recall that, not-withstanding the immunity granted to sophists, a certain Claudius Rufinus had ";at their summons"; voluntarily undertaken a military command in view of his affection for his native land—ὑμῶν αὐτὸν ἑκουσίῳ ἀνάγκῃ προκαλουμένων ὑφέστη τὴν στρατηγίαν κατὰ τὸ πρὸς τὴν πατρίδα φίλτρον. The subst. πρόκλησις occurs in the fragmentary P Ryl II. 353 (iii/A.D.)
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
