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Bible Lexicons
Old Testament Hebrew Lexical Dictionary Hebrew Lexicon
Strong's #2015 - הָפַךְ
- Brown-Driver-Briggs
- Strong
- to turn, overthrow, overturn
- (Qal)
- to overturn, overthrow
- to turn, turn about, turn over, turn around
- to change, transform
- (Niphal)
- to turn oneself, turn, turn back
- to change oneself
- to be perverse
- to be turned, be turned over, be changed, be turned against
- to be reversed
- to be overturned, be overthrown
- to be upturned
- (Hithpael)
- to transform oneself
- to turn this way and that, turn every way
- (Hophal) to turn on someone
- (Qal)
- Book
- Word
did not use
this Strong's Number
1379) kp (פכ PK) AC: Overturn CO: Flask AB: ?: The flask, usually made of a horn (see Job 42:14) , for storing medicinal, cosmetic or ritual oils. The flask is overturned to pour out the contents. (eng: flask - with the additional l and s)
A) kp (פכ PK) AC: ? CO: Flask AB: ?
Nm ) kp (פכ PK) - Flask: KJV (3): box, vial - Strongs: H6378 (פַּךְ)
F) kpe (הפכ HPK) AC: Overturn CO: ? AB: ?: The overturning of the flask to pour out its contents. A turning to a different direction.
V) kpe (הפכ HPK) - Overturn: To turn something over or upside down as if pouring out its contents. KJV (94): (vf: Paal, Niphal, Hitpael, Hophal) turn, overthrow, overturn, change, become, came, convert, gave, make, perverse, pervert, retire, tumble - Strongs: H2015 (הָפַךְ)
Nf1) ekpe (הפכה HPKH) - Overturning: KJV (1): overthrow - Strongs: H2018 (הֲפֵכָה)
af1) ekpem (מהפכה MHPKH) - Overturning: KJV (6): overthrow - Strongs: H4114 (מַהְפֵּכָה)
af2) tkpem (מהפכת MHPKT) - Stocks: Causing an upside down posture. KJV (4): prison, stocks - Strongs: H4115 (מַהְפֶּכֶת)
gm) kpfe (הופכ HWPK) - Overturned: Something that is turned over upside down. KJV (1): turning - Strongs: H2017 (הֹפֶךְ)
if1) ekpet (תהפכה THPKH) - Upside-down: KJV (10): forward, perverse - Strongs: H8419 (תַּהְפֻּכוֹת)
lm) kpkpe (הפכפכ HPKPK) - Upside-down: KJV (1): froward - Strongs: H2019 (הֲפַכְפַּךְ)
H) ekp (פכה PKH) AC: Pour CO: ? AB: ?: The overturning of flask.
V) ekp (פכה PKH) - Pour: KJV (1): (vf: Piel) ran - Strongs: H6379 (פָּכָה)
J) kfp (פוכ PWK) AC: ? CO: Cosmetics AB: ?
Nm ) kfp (פוכ PWK) - Cosmetics: KJV (4): paint, glistering, colour - Strongs: H6320 (פּוּךְ)
Adopted Roots:
Jeff Benner, Ancient Hebrew Research Center Used by permission of the author.
Qal Perfect Leviticus 13:3 13t.; וְהָפַךְ consecutive 2 Kings 21:13; Job 34:25; 3 masculine plural הָֽפְכוּ Psalm 78:9; הֲפַכְתֶּם Amos 6:12; Jeremiah 23:36, etc.; Imperfect יַהֲפֹךְ Lamentations 3:3; Jeremiah 13:23; וַיַּהֲפֹךְ Genesis 19:25 6t.; וַיַּהֲפָךְֿ 1 Samuel 10:9; suffix וַיַּהַפְכֵהוּ Judges 7:13; 3 feminine singular וַתַּהֲפֹךְ 2 Chronicles 9:12; אֶהְמֹּךְ Zephaniah 3:9; וַיַּהַפְכוּ 1 Samuel 25:12; Job 12:15; Imperative הֲפֹךְ 1 Kings 22:34 2 Chronicles 18:33; Infinitive absolute הָפוֺךְ Proverbs 12:7; construct הֲפֹךְ Genesis 19:29; 1 Chronicles 19:3; suffix הָפְכִּי Genesis 19:21; הָפְכָהּ 2 Samuel 10:3; — on הַפְכְּכֶם (so Baer, q. v.) Isaiah 29:16, see הֶפֶךְ; Participle active הֹפֵךְ Amos 5:8; הַהֹפְכִי Psalm 114:8; plural הַהֹפְכִים Amos 5:7; passive הֲפוּכָה Hosea 7:8; Lamentations 4:6. — 1 transitive
a. turn, turn about, turn over, with accusative: e.g. turn the back (עֹרֶף) Joshua 7:8 (JE); a dish (צַלַּחַת) עַלמָּֿנֶיהָ 2 Kings 21:13; the hand, & so the horses of a chariot 1 Kings 22:34 2 Chronicles 18:33; 2 Kings 9:23; but also (followed by בְּ) of hostility Lamentations 3:3; turn a cake (passive) Hosea 7:8; of ׳י, שָׂפָה בְּרוּרָה׳ה Zephaniah 3:9i.e. restore speech of a pure kind, followed by אֶלעַֿמִּים; לֵב אַחֵר 1 Samuel 10:9 another heart, followed by לוֺ; turn a wind (רוּחַ; i.e. bring from different quarter) Exodus 10:19 (J).
b. overturn, overthrow, followed by accusative Sodom, etc., Genesis 19:21,25,29 (J), Deuteronomy 29:22; Jeremiah 20:16; Lamentations 4:6 (compare ׳מַהְמֵּכַת וגו Amos 4:11 see below; also הֲפֵכָה, [מַהְמֵּכָה]); city of Ammon 2 Samuel 10:3 = 1 Chronicles 19:3 (object omitted); mountains Job 9:5; Job 28:9; throne Haggai 2:22 ("" הִשְׁמִיד), chariots Haggai 2:22; tent (אֹהֶל), לְמַ֫עְלָה׳ה Judges 7:3; object earth (׳ה = devastate) Job 12:15; wicked men Amos 4:11 (יֲמֹרָה הָפַכְּתִּי בָּכֶם כְּמַהְמֵּכַת אֱלֹהִים אֶתסְֿדֹם וְאֶתֿ) Proverbs 12:7; Job 34:25 (object omitted).
c. turn = change, transform (1) followed by accusative = alter; a colour (עֵינוֺ) Leviticus 13:55 (P); skin Jeremiah 13:33; bed (מִשְׁכָּבוֺ see ׳מ; Che his lying down) Psalm 41:4i.e. restore to health; (2) pervert דִבְרֵי אֱלֹהִים Jeremiah 23:36; (3) followed by accusative with Infinitive Psalm 105:25 he turned their heart to hate his people; (4) turn to, into, followed by two accusative Leviticus 13:10; Psalm 114:8 rock into pool of water; usually followed by accusative + לְ, Psalm 66:6 sea into dry land, Psalm 78:44 rivers into blood, compare Psalm 105:29; Jeremiah 31:13 mourning into joy, so Psalm 30:12; Amos 5:7 justice into wormwood, compare Amos 6:12; Amos 8:10 feasts into mourning; Deuteronomy 23:6 = Nehemiah 13:2 curse into blessing; Amos 5:8 death-shade into morning.
2 intransitive
a. turn, turn back, Judges 20:39,41; 2 Kings 5:26; Psalm 78:9; 2 Chronicles 9:12; followed by לדרך 1 Samuel 25:12;
b. turn = change, change into, followed by predicate adjective לָבָן׳ה turn white Leviticus 13:3,4,13,20 (all P).
Niph`al Perfect נֶהְמַּךְ Exodus 7:15 10t.; נֶהְמָּ֑ךְ Job 20:14; וְנֶהְמַּךְ consecutive Leviticus 13:16; נֶהֶפְכָה Lamentations 5:2; 3 masculine plural נֶהְמְּכוּ Job 19:19 3t., נֶהֶפְכוּ 1 Samuel 4:19; Daniel 10:16, וְנֶהֶפְכוּ consecutive Exodus 7:17; Isaiah 34:9, etc.; Imperfect יֵהָפֵךְ Isaiah 60:5; Joel 3:4; וַיֵּהָפֵךְ Exodus 14:5; Isaiah 63:10; 2 masculine singular תֵּהָפֵךְ Job 30:21; Ezekiel 4:8; וַיֵּהָֽפְכוּ Exodus 7:20; Infinitive absolute נַהֲפוֺךְ Esther 9:1; Participle נֶהְמָּךְ Proverbs 17:20; נֶהְמָּ֑כֶת Jonah 3:4; —
1 reflexive & intrans.
a. turn oneself, turn, turn back (compare Qal 2 a) Joshua 8:20 (JE); turn aside Psalm 78:57; turn from side to side Ezekiel 4:8; pains turned upon (עַל) her 1 Samuel 4:19 (i.e. came suddenly upon her) compare Daniel 10:16; turn against followed by בְּ Job 19:19; turn to ( ward), followed by עַל, Isaiah 60:5 ("" בא לְ).
b. turn = change (oneself) followed by predicate adjective Leviticus 13:25 (P); followed by predicate noun (?), vine turns into degenerate plant Jeremiah 2:21; no predicate expressed Job 20:14 (compare v b); of heart turned in compassion Hosea 11:8 ("" נִכְמְרוּ נִחוּמָ֑י), in sorrow, distress, Lamentations 1:20; of heart changed, so as to be favourably disposed toward (followed by אֶל) Exodus 14:5 (J) = change of mind; followed by לְ, of plague spots changing colour Leviticus 13:16,17 (P); rod changing to serpent Exodus 7:15 (P); faces to paleness Jeremiah 30:6; dance to mourning Lamentations 5:15; comeliness to corruption Daniel 10:8; וַיֵּהָפֵךְ לָהֶם לְאוֺיֵב Isaiah 63:10; Job 30:21.
c. be perverse, only participle used substantive נֶהְמָּךְ בִּלְשׁוֺנוֺ Proverbs 17:20 he that is perverse with his tongue. 2 passive,
a. be turned, turned over to followed by לְ, an inheritance to strangers Lamentations 5:2.
b. be reversed Esther 9:1.
c. be turned, changed, followed by לְ, waters into blood Exodus 7:17,20 (E); Saul into another Prayer of Manasseh 1Samuel 10:6; streams into pitch Isaiah 34:9; sun to darkness Joel 3:4; stones to chaff Job 41:20; month changed from sorrow to gladness Esther 9:22; compare Psalm 32:4 where complement omitted
d. be overturned, overthrown, of city Nineveh Jonah 3:4.
e. be upturned, of subterran. work of miners Job 28:5 = there is an upturning.
Hithpa`el Imperfect 3 feminine singular תִּתְהַמֵּךְ Job 38:14; Participle מִתְהַמֵּךְ Judges 7:13; Job 37:12; מִתְהַמֶּכֶת Genesis 3:24; — reflexive & intransitive:
1 turn this way & that, every way, of the flaming sword Genesis 3:24 (J); storm-cloud Job 37:12; turn over & over Judges 7:13, of bread-cake tumbling into the host of Midian.
2 transform oneself, Job 38:14 of earth under rising dawn.
Hoph`al Perfect הָהְמַּךְ עָלַי בַּלָּהוֺת Job 30:15 there have been turned upon me terrors (compare הִתְגַּלְגָּ֑לוּ Job 30:14, of foes).
הָפַךְ fut. יַהֲפֹךְ (Aram. ܗܦܰܟ, Arab. أَفَكَ)
(1) to turn, as a cake, Hosea 7:8 a dish, 2 Kings 21:13 הֲפֹךְ יָֽדְךָ turn thy hand, or thy side, i.e. turn back, return; 1 Kings 22:34; 2 Chronicles 18:33. Comp. 2 Kings 9:23. הָפַךְ עֹרֶף לִפְנֵי to turn the neck to any one, Joshua 7:8. Also intrans. (like στρέφεσθαι, and in Hom. sometimes also στρέφειν), to turn oneself, 2 Kings 5:26 hence to turn back, to flee, Judges 20:39, 41 Judges 20:41; Psalms 78:9.
(2) to overturn, to overthrow (as cities), Genesis 19:21, 25 Genesis 19:25; Deuteronomy 29:22 followed by בְּ Amos 4:11. (Arab. امُوءْتَِفكَتُ the overthrown, κατʼ ἐξοχὴν, a name for Sodom and Gomorrha.)
(3) to turn, to convert, to change, Psalms 105:25 followed by לְ into something, Psal. 66:6 105:29 114:8 Jerem. 31:13. Intrans. (like No. 1) to be changed, followed by an acc., into something. Leviticus 13:3, שֵׂעָר בַּנֶּגַע הָפַךְ לָבָן “the hair in the plague is turned white;” verse Leviticus 13:4, 10 Leviticus 13:10, 13 Leviticus 13:13, 20 Leviticus 13:20.
(4) to pervert, e.g. any one’s words, Jeremiah 23:36. Intrans. to be perverse. Isaiah 29:16, הָפְכְּכֶם “O your perverseness!” [As a noun in Thes.]
Niphal נֶהְפַּךְ inf. absol. נַהֲפוֹךְ.
(1) to turn oneself about, as an army, Joshua 8:20. Proverbs 17:20, נֶהְפָּךְ בִּלְשֹׁנוֹ “he who has a tongue that turns about.” Followed by בְּ to turn oneself against any one, Job 19:19 עַל to any one, Isaiah 60:5. 1 Samuel 4:19, נֶהֶפְכוּ עָלֶיהָ צִרֶיהָ “her pains turned themselves unto her,” i.e. took hold of her. Also followed by לְ, Lamentations 5:2.
(2) to be overthrown, Jonah 3:4.
(3) to be turned, i.e. to be changed, followed by לְ Exodus 7:15; Leviticus 13:16, 17 Leviticus 13:17 followed by an acc. Leviticus 13:25. Specially, to be changed for the worse, i.e. to degenerate, Jeremiah 2:21 (comp. Psalms 32:4; Daniel 10:8).
Hophal, הָהְפַּךְ followed by עַל, to turn oneself, to be turned against any one, to assail him, Job 30:15.
Hithpael
(1) to turn, to turn oneself. Genesis 3:24, חֶרֶב מִתְהַפֶּכֶת “a sword (continually) turning itself,” i.e. flashing, brandished. Used of a cloud turning itself, i.e. as it were walking across the sky, Job 37:12.
(2) to turn, i.e. to change oneself, to be turned, Job 38:14.
(3) to roll oneself on, to tumble, Judges 7:13.
Derivatives besides those which immediately follow, מַהְפֵּכָה, מַהְפֶּכֶת, תַּהְפּוּכָה.