the Week of Proper 26 / Ordinary 31
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Bible Lexicons
Old Testament Hebrew Lexical Dictionary Hebrew Lexicon
Strong's #5358 - נָקַם
- Brown-Driver-Briggs
- Strong
- to avenge, take vengeance, revenge, avenge oneself, be avenged, be punished
- (Qal)
- to avenge, take vengeance
- to entertain revengeful feelings
- (Niphal)
- to avenge oneself
- to suffer vengeance
- (Piel) to avenge
- (Hophal) to be avenged, vengeance be taken (for blood)
- (Hithpael) to avenge oneself
- (Qal)
- Book
- Word
did not use
this Strong's Number
2433) mqn (נקמ NQM) AC: Avenge CO: ? AB: Vengeance: [from: mq- one who raises the hand to avenge another]
V) mqn (נקמ NQM) - Avenge: KJV (35): (vf: Paal, Niphal, Hitpael, Hophal, Piel) avenge, vengeance, revenge, take, avenger, punish - Strongs: H5358 (נָקַם)
Nm) mqn (נקמ NQM) - Vengeance: KJV (17): vengeance, quarrel, avenge - Strongs: H5359 (נָקָם)
Nf1) emqn (נקמה NQMH) - Vengeance: KJV (27): vengeance, revenge - Strongs: H5360 (נְקָמָה)
Jeff Benner, Ancient Hebrew Research Center Used by permission of the author.
Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular suffix נְקָמֵ֫נִי 1 Samuel 24:13; Imperfect יִקּוֺם Deuteronomy 32:43; יִקֹּם Joshua 10:13; 2 masculine singular תִּקֹּם Leviticus 19:18; Infinitive absolute נָקֹם Exodus 21:20; construct נְקֹם Ezekiel 24:8; Ezekiel 25:12; Imperative נְקֹם Numbers 31:2; Participle נִקֵם Nahum 1:2 3t.; feminine נֹקֶ֫מֶת Leviticus 26:25; —
1 avenge, take vengeance:
a. God subjectדַּם עֲבָדָיו יִקּוֺם Deuteronomy 32:43 the blood of his servants he avengeth (against those who slew them) (+ 1 Kings 2:5 ᵐ5 L Klo); ׳נ absolute Nahum 1:2 (twice in verse) with לְ (against Nineveh) Nahum 1:2; נָקָם׳נ (against Jerusalem) Ezekiel 24:8; עַלעֲֿלִילוֺהָם on their doings (his people's) Psalm 99:8; נְקַם בְּרִית׳נ Leviticus 26:25 (H) the vengeance of the covenant (against those who break it); נְקָמַנִי 1 Samuel 24:13, with מִן of person from whom vengeance is taken (compare Jeremiah 20:10).
b. Israel and its leaders against their enemies, נקמה׳נ with מִן against whom Numbers 31:2 (P); with accusative יִקֹּם אֹיְבָיו Joshua 10:13 (poem).
c. Edom against Judahנקם לְ ׳נ Ezekiel 25:12.
d. in administration of justice against murder Exodus 21:20 (E).
2 entertain revengeful feelings (opposed to אהב) against neighbour forbidden Leviticus 19:18 (H).
Niph`al Perfect 1 singular נִקַּ֫מְתִּי Judges 15:7; 1 Samuel 14:24; 3 masculine plural נִקְּמוּ Ezekiel 25:12; imperfect יִנָּקֵם Exodus 21:20; 1 singular אִנָָּֽקְמָה Judges 16:28; Isaiah 1:24; 3 masculine plural יִנָָּֽקְמוּ Ezekiel 25:15; Infinitive הִנָּקֵם Jeremiah 46:10 2t.; Imperative הִנָּ֫קֶם Jeremiah 15:15; plural הִנָָּֽקְמוּ Jeremiah 50:15: —
1 avenge oneself,
a.׳י subject with מִן of adversary Isaiah 1:24; Jeremiah 46:10; with מִן advers., לְ for whom Jeremiah 15:15; with בְּ adversary Jeremiah 50:15.
b. of Israel and champions with מִן Judges 16:28; 1 Samuel 14:24; Esther 8:13; with בְּ Judges 15:7; 1 Samuel 18:25.
c. of enemies against Israel נקם׳נ Ezekiel 25:15; with בְּ Ezekiel 25:12.
2 suffer vengeance (of law against murder) Exodus 21:20 (E).
Piel Perfect 1 singular נִקַּ֫מְתִּי 2 Kings 9:7; Jeremiah 51:36; — avenge, ׳י subject דָּמִים מיד 2 Kings 9:7 blood at hands of; נִקְמָתֵךָ׳נ Jeremiah 51:36 take vengeance for thee.
Hoph`al Imperfect יֻקַּם Genesis 4:24; Exodus 21:21, יֻקָּ֑ם Genesis 4:15 be avenged, vengeance be taken (for blood).
Hithpa`el Imperfect תִּתְנַקֵּם Jeremiah 5:9,29; Jeremiah 9:8; Participle מִתְנַקֵּם Psalm 8:3; Psalm 44:17; avenge oneself, ׳י subject לֹא תִתְנַקֵּם׳נַפְשִׁי בְּ Jeremiah 5:9,29; Jeremiah 9:8; of Israel's enemies אוֺיֵבוּמִתְנַקֵּם Psalm 8:3; Psalm 44:17.
נָקַם inf. נְקוֹם, fut. יִקּוֹם to revenge, to take vengeance (Arab. نقم to be angry, to rebuke, to punish; Conj. VIII. to inflict a penalty, to take vengeance. The primary idea is that of breathing forcibly: compare the kindred נָחַם). It stands
(a) absol. Levit. 19:18.
(b) with an acc. of that which, or the person whom one avenges, Deuteronomy 32:43 also followed by עַל Psalms 99:8. In the same sense, Levit. 26:25, הֶרֶב נֹקֶמֶת נְקַם בְּרִית “a sword which avenges the covenant.” Jeremiah 51:36 [Piel], “I will avenge thy vengeance,” i.e. thee.
(c) followed by מִן of him from whom vengeance of any thing is sought to be taken, 1 Samuel 24:13 followed by מֵאֵת Numbers 31:2 מִיַּד 2 Kings 9:7 [Piel]; לְ Nahum 1:2; Ezekiel 25:12 acc. Joshua 10:13. The two constructions, let. a, b, are found together in the following instances: 1 Sam. loc. cit., נְקָמַנִי יְהֹוָה מִמֶּךָּ “Jehovah has avenged me of thee.” Numb. 31:2, נְקֹם נִקְמַת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל מֵאֵת הַמִּדְיָנִים.
Niphal, to avenge oneself. Ezekiel 25:15, יִנָּֽקְמוּ נָקָם: followed by בְּ of the person on whom vengeance is sought to be taken, Judges 15:7; 1 Samuel 18:25 followed by מִן both of what vengeance is taken for, and also of the person from whom it is sought. מִן Isaiah 1:24; Jeremiah 15:15; Judges 16:28.
Piel, i.q. Kal, 2 Kings 9:7, נִקַּמְתִּי דְּמֵי עַבָדַי הַנְּבִיאִים … מִיַּד אִיזֶבֶל “I will avenge the blood of my servants, the prophets … from Jezebel,” Jeremiah 51:36 followed by בְּ Ezekiel 25:12 (at the end).
Hophal, fut. יֻקַּם to be avenged. Genesis 4:15, 24, “whosoever slayeth Cain he shall be avenged seven-fold,” Exodus 21:21.
Hithpael,
(1) to avenge oneself, as Niph., Jeremiah 5:9, 29 9:8.
(2) part. מִתְנַקֵּם desirous of vengeance, Psalms 8:3, 44:17. Hence