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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #5399 - φοβέω
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- to put to flight by terrifying (to scare away)
- to put to flight, to flee
- to fear, be afraid
- to be struck with fear, to be seized with alarm 1b
- of those startled by strange sights or occurrences 1b
- of those struck with amazement
- to fear, be afraid of one
- to fear (i.e. hesitate) to do something (for fear of harm)
- to reverence, venerate, to treat with deference or reverential obedience
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- Parsing
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this Strong's Number
φοβέω,
3 pl. imper. φοβεόντων Hdt. 7.235: Ion. impf. φοβέεσκον Hes. Sc. 162: fut. -ήσω E. Heracl. 357 (lyr.), (ἐκ-) Th. 4.126 (dub.): aor. ἐφόβησα Il. 15.15, etc.: — Pass. and Med., Ion. 2 sing. φοβέαι Hdt. 1.39; Ion. imper. φοβεῦ or φοβέο, Id. 1.9, 7.52: Ephesians 3:1-21 pl. impf. φοβέοντο Il. 6.41: fut. φοβήσομαι 22.250, Pl. Lg. 649c, D. 15.23, etc.; φοβηθήσομαι X. Cyr. 3.3.30, Plu. Brut. 40, Luc. Zeux. 9, v.l. in Pl. R. 470a: aor. Pass. ἐφοβήθην Hdt. 8.27, etc., Ephesians 3:1-21 pl. ἐφόβηθεν or φόβηθεν, Il. 15.326, 5.498; aor. Med. ἐφοβησάμην only Anacreont. 31.11: pf. πεφόβημαι Il. 10.510, etc.: plpf. 3 pl. ἐπεφόβηντο X. HG 7.4.32, Th. 5.50, πεφοβήατο Il. 21.206. Act., in Hom. (never in Od.)
always in the sense put to flight, [ ἴρηξ] ἐφόβησε κολοιούς Il. 16.583; [ Ζεὺς] καὶ ἄλκιμον ἄνδρα φοβεῖ ib. 689; Τρώων οὓς ἐφόβησας 22.11; φοβῆσαίτε στίχας ἀνδρῶν 17.505; σὸς δόλος.. ἐφόβησε δὲ λαούς 15.15; σέ γέ φημι.. δουρὶ φοβῆσαι 20.187; once in Hes., φοβέεσκον ἐπὶ χθονὶ φῦλ' ἀνθρώπων l.c.
II terrify, alarm, Hdt. 7.235, etc.; μὴ φίλους φόβει A. Th. 262; ᾧ μή 'στι δρῶντι τάρβος οὐδ' ἔπος φοβεῖ S. OT 296, cf. 1013, E. Hipp. 572 (lyr.); ἡ δύναμις τῶν νέων φοβοῦσά τινας Antipho 4.3.2; αἱ κάμηλοι ἐφόβουν τους ἵππους X. Cyr. 7.1.48; ρὸν Ἀλκιβιάδην ἐφόβουν, μὴ.. ἐπαγάγωνται Th. 5.45; c. dat.modi, λόγοις A. Pers. 215 (troch.); μεγαληγορίαισι φρένας E. Heracl. 357 (lyr.); τῷ μὲν Τισσαφέρνει τοὺς Ἀθηναίους φ., ἐκείνοις δὲ τὸν Τισσαφέρνην to frighten the Athenians with T., and T. with the Athenians, Th. 8.82; c. part., λέγοντες φ. τινάς by saying, X. Eq.Mag. 1.8; λέγοντες ὡς ἥξει βασιλεύς D 14.25: abs., πόνος ὁ μὴ φοβῶν κράτιστος S. Ph. 864 (lyr.), φοβήσαντες κατεστήσαντο τὴν πολιτείαν by terror, Pl. R. 551b.
2. c.acc. rei, threaten with, φ. λιμόν D.H. 6.51. Pass. and Med., in Hom. always in the sense to be put to flight (cf. Sch.A Il. 5.223, al.), once in Od., κύνες.. διὰ σταθμοῖο φόβηθεν 16.163; freq. in Il., ὑπέμειναν ἀολλέες οὐδὲ φόβηθεν 5.498; τοὶ δ' ἐφόβηθεν.. θεσπεσίῳ ὁμάδῳ 16.294; κὰμ μέσσον πεδίον φοβέοντο βόες ὣς ἅς τε λέων ἐφόβησε 11.172; also part., μὴ καὶ πεφοβημένος ἔλθης 10.510, cf. 15.4, 21.606; φοβηθεὶς δύσεθ' ἁλὸς κατὰ κῦμα in flight, 6.135; βῆ δὲ φοβηθείς 22.137: ὑπό τινος φοβέεσθαι to flee before him, 8.149; ὑπό τινι 15.637; c. acc., οὔ σ' ἔτι.. φοβήσομαι ὡς τὸ πάρος περ 22.250.
II to be seized with fear, be affrighted, Hdt. 9.70, E. Tr. 1166, etc. —
Constr.,
1 abs., πεφόβημαι πτηνῆς ὡς ὄμμα πελείας S. Aj. 139 (anap.); φοβηθέντες ᾤχοντο φεύγοντες flying in terror, Aeschin. 1.43; ἃ μὴ οἶδα.. οὐδέποτε φοβήσομαι οὐδὲ φεύξομαι, Pl. Ap. 29b, etc.: c. dat. instrum., μάστιγι φ. E. Rh. 37 (anap.): c. acc. cogn., φ. αἰσχροὺς φόβους Pl. Prt. 360b; ἐφοβήθησαν φόβον μέγαν Mark 4:41; τὸν φόβον αὐτῶν μὴ φοβηθῆτε 1 Peter 3:14.
2. folld. by Preps., φ. ἀπό τινος to be afraid of one (prob. a Hebraism), LXX Leviticus 26:2, Jeremiah 1:8, Matthew 10:28, Luke 12:4; ἔκ τινος from some cause, S. Tr. 671; εἴς τι to be alarmed at a thing, Id. OT 980; πρός τι Id. Tr. 1211, Luc. Prom. Ezekiel 4:1-17, Lib. Or. 50.18; ἐπί τινι fear for.. Luc. DMar. 14.4; but φ. ἀμφὶ γυναικί fear about.., Hdt. 6.62; περὶ ἡμῶν X. Cyr. 5.2.35, etc.; περί τινι Pl. Euthd. 275b (περὶ σφίσιν αὐτοῖς τὸ κατάδηλον Th. 4.123); περὶ χωρίῳ Id. 2.90; ὑπὲρ τῶν μελλόντων And. 4.36; περί τι Pl. Cra. 404e; πρὸς ἀνδρὸς ἢ τέκνων S. Tr. 150.
3. folld. by a relat. clause, φοβεῑσθαι μὴ.. fear lest a thing will be.., E. Or. 770 (troch.), Ar. Pax 606 (troch.), Th. 1.95, etc.; φ. ὅπως μὴ.. Id. 6.13, X. Mem. 2.9.3; φ. μὴ οὐ.. Id. Oec. 16.6; freq. c.acc. folld. by μή, ταῦτ' οὖν φοβοῦμαι, μὴ.. S. Tr. 550, cf. X. An. 7.1.2; φ. τοὺς οὐσίαν κεκτημένους, μὴ.. Pl. Phdr. 232c, cf. Th. 1.88, etc.; φ. ὑπέρ τινος, μὴ.. Pl. R. 387c; c. inf. folld. by μή, φοβοίμην ἂν τῷ ἡγεμόνι ἕπεσθαι, μὴ ἀγάγῃ κτλ. X. An. 1.3.17, cf. Pl. Tht. 143e, Grg. 457e: also φ. ὅτι.., = φ. μὴ.., in a more positive sense, X. Cyr. 3.1.1, D.C. 52.26; φ. τόδε, ὅτι.. Th. 7.67 (but φ. τὸ κάεσθαι, ὅτι ἀλγεινόν because.., Pl. Grg. 479a): διὰ τοῦτο φ. τινας, o(/ti.. lsoc. 6.60; less freq. φ. ὡς.. X. Cyr. 5.2.12; φ. πῶς χρὴ.. ib. 4.5.19; φ. εἰ δεήσει.. ib. 6.1.17.
4. c. inf. with Art., φ. τὸ ἀποθνῄσκειν Pl. Grg. 522e, etc.: more freq. c. inf. alone, fear to do, be afraid of doing, A. Ch. 46 (lyr.), S. Aj. 253 (lyr.), E. Ion 628, etc.: c. inf. fut., Th. 5.105.
5. c. acc. pers., stand in awe of, dread, δαίμονας τοὺς ἐνθάδε A. Supp. 893; στρατὸν Ἀχαιῶν S. Ph. 1250; τοὺς ἄνω θεούς Pl. Lg. 927b, cf. Isoc. 1.16, etc.; τὰς κύνας X. Cyn. 5.16, etc.
6. c. acc. rei, fear or fear about a thing, βρόμον A. Th. 476; τὸ προσέρπον S. Aj. 227 (lyr.); μέμψιν E. Alc. 1057; τὸ τοιοῦτον σῶμα Pl. Phdr. 239d; δουλείαν καὶ δεσμόν X. Cyr. 3.1.24.
7. c. gen., πεφοβημένος νυκτός, θαλάσσης, Arat. 290, 766.
8. c. part., προδιδοὺς φοβηθείς Lycurg. 17.
φοβέω, φόβῳ: passive, present φοβοῦμαι; imperfect ἐφοβούμην; 1 aorist ἐφοβήθην; future φοβηθήσομαι; (φόβος); from Homer down; to terrify, frighten, Wis. 17:9; to put to flight by terrifying (to scare away). Passive:
1. to be put to flight, to flee (Homer).
2. to fear, be afraid; the Sept. very often for יָרֵא; absolutely to be struck with fear, to be seized with alarm: of those who fear harm or injury, Matthew 10:31; Matthew 14:30; Matthew 25:25; Mark 5:33, 36; Mark 10:32; Mark 16:8; Luke 8:50; Luke 12:7, 32; John 12:15; John 19:8; Acts 16:38; Acts 22:29; (Romans 13:4); Hebrews 13:6; 1 John 4:18; opposed to ὑψηλοφρονεῖν, Romans 11:20; of those startled by strange sights or occurrences, Matthew 14:27; Matthew 17:7; Matthew 28:5, 10; Mark 6:50; Luke 1:13, 30; Luke 2:10; Luke 9:34; (
3. to reverence, venerate, to treat with deference or reverential obedience: τινα, Mark 6:20; Ephesians 5:33; τόν Θεόν, used of his devout worshippers, Luke 1:50; Luke 18:2, 4; Acts 10:2, 22, 35; (Colossians 3:22 Rec.); 1 Peter 2:17; Revelation 14:7; Revelation 19:5; also τόν κύριον, Colossians 3:22 (G L T Tr WH); Revelation 15:4; τό ὄνομα τοῦ Θεοῦ, Revelation 11:18 (Deuteronomy 4:10; Deuteronomy 5:29; Deuteronomy 6:2, 13, 14; Deuteronomy 13:4; Deuteronomy 14:22(23); Proverbs 3:7; Psalm 33:10
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φοβέέω , ῶ (< φόβος ),
[in LXX chiefly for H4480 H3372;]
1. in Hem., to put to flight. Pass., to be put to flight, to flee affrighted.
2. to terrify, frighten (Wis 179; Hdt. and Att..). Pass. (so always in NT; cf. M, Pr., 162), to be seized with fear, be affrighted, fear: Matthew 10:31; Matthew 14:27, Mark 5:33; Mark 6:50, Luke 1:13; Luke 8:50, John 6:19; John 12:15, Acts 16:38, al.; opp. to ὑψηλοφρονεῖν , Romans 11:20; σφόδρα , Matthew 17:6; Matthew 27:54; c. cogn. acc, φόβον μέγαν , Mark 4:41, Luke 2:9 (1 Maccabees 10:8); φόβον αὐτῶν (obj, gen., but cf. ICC, in l), 1 Peter 3:14; πτόησιν , 1 Peter 3:6; c. acc pers., Matthew 10:26, Mark 11:18, Luke 19:21, John 9:22, Acts 9:26,
Romans 13:3, al.; seq. ἀπό (like Heb. H3372, Jeremiah 1:8, al.; cf. M, Pr., 102, 104n„), Matthew 10:28, Luke 12:4; seq. μή (cl.; Bl., § 65, 3; M, Pr., 184 f.), Acts 23:10; Acts 27:17; μήπως , Acts 27:29, 2 Corinthians 11:3; 2 Corinthians 12:20, Galatians 4:11; μήποτε , Hebrews 4:1; c. inf. (Bl., § 69, 4; M, Pr., 205), Matthew 1:20, Mark 9:32, al.; of reverential fear: Mark 6:20, Ephesians 5:33; τ . θεόν , Luke 1:50, Acts 10:2, 1 Peter 2:17, Revelation 14:7, al.; τ . κύριον , Colossians 3:22, Revelation 15:4; τ . ὄνομα τ . θεοῦ (see ὄνομα ), Revelation 11:18; οἱ φοβούμενοι τ . θεόν , of proselytes, Acts 13:16; Acts 13:26 (cf. ἐκ -φοβέω ).
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
";made by hands,"; in the LXX applied only to idols, bat in the NT used of material temples (Act. 7:48; Act. 17:24) : cf. Orac. Sib. xiv. 62 ναῶν ἱδρύματα χειροποιήτων. In the travel-letter, P Lond 854.4 (i/ii A.D.) (=111. p. 205, Selections, p. 70), the writer remarks that many go by ship ἵνα τὰς χε [ι ]ρ ̣ο ̣π ̣[οι ]ή [τους τέ ]χνας ἱστορήσωσι, ";in order that they may visit works of art made by hands,"; on the banks of the Nile.
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