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Bible Lexicons
Old Testament Hebrew Lexical Dictionary Hebrew Lexicon
Strong's #3372 - יָרֵא
- Brown-Driver-Briggs
- Strong
- to fear, revere, be afraid
- (Qal)
- to fear, be afraid
- to stand in awe of, be awed
- to fear, reverence, honour, respect
- (Niphal)
- to be fearful, be dreadful, be feared
- to cause astonishment and awe, be held in awe
- to inspire reverence or godly fear or awe
- (Piel) to make afraid, terrify
- (Qal)
- (TWOT) to shoot, pour
- Book
- Word
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1227) ri (יר YR) AC: Throw CO: ? AB: F |kjv: river, brook, flood, stream - Strongs: H2975 (יְאוֹר)
E) ari (ירא YRA) AC: ? CO: ? AB: F (vf: Paal, Niphal, Piel) |kjv: fear, afraid, terrible, dreadful, reverence, fearful - Strongs: H3372 (יָרֵא)
Nm ) ari (ירא YRA) - F |kjv: fear, afraid, fearful - Strongs: H3373 (יָרֵא)
Nf1 ) eari (יראה YRAH) - F |kjv: fear, dreadful, fearfulness - Strongs: H3374 (יִרְאָה)
km ) arfm (מורא MWRA) - F [df: hrm] KJV (13): fear, terror, dread, terribleness - Strongs: H4172 (מֹרָא)
H) eri (ירה YRH) AC: Throw CO: Rain AB: ?: A throwing of the finger to show a direction to walk or live. The throwing of an arrow. The throwing down of water in rain.
V) eri (ירה YRH) - I. Throw:[df: ary]II. Rain: III. Teach:To point the way one is to walk in life. KJV (84): (vf: Paal, Niphal, Hiphil) teach, shoot, archer, cast, teacher, rain, laid, direct, inform, instruct, show, shooter, through watered - Strongs: H3384 (יָרָא)
gm) erfi (יורה YWRH) - First rain: KJV (2): first rain, former - Strongs: H3138 (יוֹרֶה)
if1) erft (תורה TWRH) - Teaching: The direction one is to take in life. KJV (219): law - Strongs: H8451 (תֹּרָה)
km) erfm (מורה MWRH) - I. Rain: II. Archer:One who throws an arrow. III. Razor:[Unknown connection to root] KJV (3): former rain, rain - Strongs: H4175 (מוֹרֶה)
Jeff Benner, Ancient Hebrew Research Center Used by permission of the author.
Qal328 Perfect ׳יר Genesis 19:30 14t.; 3 feminine יָרְאָה Jeremiah 3:8; Psalm 76:9; יָרֵ֑אָה Genesis 18:15; plural 2 masculine יְרֵאתֶם Numbers 12:8 2t.; + 23t. Perfect; Imperfect יִירָא Amos 3:8 3t.; וַיִּירָא Genesis 28:17 5t.; וַיִּרָא Jeremiah 26:21 5t.; plural (יִָֽרְאוּ) יִירְאוּ Jeremiah 23:4 +; יִרָאוּן Deuteronomy 13:12, +, etc.; 136t. Imperfect; Imperative יְרָא Proverbs 3:7 3t.; יְראוּ Joshua 24:14 2t.; Infinitive construct יְרֹא Joshua 22:25; לֵרֹא 1 Samuel 18:29 (Ges§ 69, R. i.); לְיִרְאָה Deuteronomy 4:10 13t.; suffix יִרְאָתוֺ 2 Samuel 3:11; יִרְאָתָם Isaiah 29:13; יְרָאתֶם Joshua 4:24 (read יִרְאָתָם Bö§ 1081 a Ew337b Di etc.); Participle יָרֵא Genesis 32:12 15t.; construct יְרֵא Genesis 22:12 10t.; plural יְרֵאִים Jeremiah 42:11 6t.; construct יִרְאֵי Exodus 18:21 12t.; feminine construct יִרְאַת Proverbs 31:30; —
1 fear, be afraid (not in P):
a. absolute Genesis 3:10; Genesis 18:15; Genesis 32:8; Genesis 43:18; Exodus 14:10 (J), Genesis 20:8; Genesis 28:17; Genesis 42:35; Exodus 2:14; Joshua 10:2 (E), Deuteronomy 20:8; Deuteronomy 31:8; Judges 7:3; Judges 8:20; 1 Samuel 4:7; 1 Samuel 17:11,24; 1 Samuel 23:3; 1 Samuel 28:5; 1 Samuel 31:4 = 1 Chronicles 10:4; 2 Kings 10:4; 2 Chronicles 20:3; Nehemiah 2:2; Nehemiah 6:13; Isaiah 54:14; Jeremiah 3:8; Jeremiah 23:4; Jeremiah 26:21; Amos 3:8; Jonah 1:5,10; Psalm 27:3; Psalm 46:3; Psalm 49:6 (but Bae reads ראה) Psalm 56:4; Psalm 56:5; Psalm 56:12; Psalm 64:5; Psalm 65:10; Psalm 76:9; Psalm 112:8; Psalm 118:6; Proverbs 14:16; Job 6:21; Job 11:15; אַלתִּֿירָא(יו׳ּׅ fear not Genesis 15:1; Genesis 21:17; Genesis 35:17; Genesis 50:19,21; Exodus 20:20; Joshua 10:25 (E), Genesis 26:24; Genesis 43:23; Exodus 14:13; Joshua 8:1 (J), Deuteronomy 1:21; Deuteronomy 20:3; Deuteronomy 31:6; Judges 4:18; Judges 6:23; 1 Samuel 4:20; 1 Samuel 12:20; 1 Samuel 22:23; 1 Samuel 23:17; 1 Samuel 28:13; 2 Samuel 9:7; 2 Samuel 13:28; 1 Kings 17:13; 2 Kings 6:16; 1 Chronicles 22:13; 1 Chronicles 28:20; 2 Chronicles 20:17; Isaiah 7:4; Isaiah 35:4; Isaiah 40:9; Isaiah 41:10,13,14; Isaiah 43:1,5; Isaiah 44:2; Isaiah 54:4; Jeremiah 30:10; Jeremiah 46:27,28; Joel 2:21,22; Zephaniah 3:16; Haggai 2:5; Zechariah 8:13,15; Psalm 49:17; Lamentations 3:57; Daniel 10:12,19; Ruth 3:11; ׳יִשְׁמְעוּ וי hear and fear Deuteronomy 13:12; Deuteronomy 17:13; Deuteronomy 19:20; Deuteronomy 21:21; ׳(י)ראו וי see and fear Psalm 40:4; Psalm 52:8; Isaiah 41:5; Zechariah 9:5.
b. with accusative of thing or person Numbers 14:9 (twice in verse) (J), Numbers 21:34 (E), Deuteronomy 3:2,22; Judges 6:27; 1 Samuel 15:24; 2 Samuel 3:11; 1 Kings 1:51; Isaiah 8:12; Isaiah 51:7; Isaiah 57:11; Ezekiel 3:9; Ezekiel 11:8; Habakkuk 3:2 (accusative פעלךָ in corrected rhythm), Psalm 23:4; Daniel 1:10; accusative of God (׳י) 1 Samuel 12:18; 2 Samuel 6:9 = 1 Chronicles 13:12; Isaiah 57:11; Jeremiah 5:22; Jonah 1:16; Job 9:35; Job 37:24.
c. with מִן be afraid of, Deuteronomy 1:29; Deuteronomy 2:4; Deuteronomy 7:18; Deuteronomy 20:1; Deuteronomy 28:10; Joshua 10:8 (D) 1 Samuel 28:20; 2 Kings 25:24; Isaiah 10:24; Isaiah 51:12; Jeremiah 10:5; Jeremiah 42:11,16; Ezekiel 2:6 (3t. in verse); Micah 7:17; Psalm 3:7; Psalm 27:1; Psalm 65:9; Psalm 91:5; Psalm 112:7; Psalm 119:120; Proverbs 3:25; Proverbs 31:21; Job 5:21,22; Ecclesiastes 12:5; with מִמְּנֵי Deuteronomy 5:5; Deuteronomy 7:19; Joshua 9:24; Joshua 11:6 (D), 1 Samuel 7:7; 1 Samuel 18:29; 1 Samuel 21:23; 1 Kings 1:50; 2 Kings 1:15; 2 Kings 19:6 (= Isaiah 37:6) 2 Kings 25:26; 2 Chronicles 20:15; 32:7; Nehemiah 4:8; Jeremiah 1:8; Jeremiah 41:18; Jeremiah 42:11 (twice in verse); מִלִּפְנֵי 1 Samuel 18:12, with בְּ because of, for Jeremiah 51:46.
d. with infinitive and לְ fear to do a thing Genesis 19:30; Genesis 26:7 (J), Numbers 12:8 (E), Judges 7:10; 2 Samuel 1:14; 2 Samuel 10:19; 2 Samuel 12:18; with infin. and מִן, afraid of doing Genesis 46:3; Exodus 3:6 (E), 1 Samuel 3:15; Jeremiah 40:9; Job 32:6.
e. with מֶּן fear lest Genesis 31:31 (E) Genesis 32:12 (J).
2 stand in awe of, with מן and infinitive וַיִּירְאוּ מִגֶּשֶׁת אֵלָיו Exodus 34:30 (P) and they stood in awe of drawing nigh unto him; יִירְאוּ מֵיהוה׳וגו Psalm 33:8 let all the earth stand in awe of Yahweh; וְיָרֵאתָ מֵאֱלהֶיךָ and thou shalt stand in awe of thy God Leviticus 19:14,32; Leviticus 25:17,36,43 (all H); with מִמְּנֵי, of the king Song of Solomon 1Kings 3:28; ׳מִמְּנֵי יאלהים Exodus 9:30 (J?); ׳מפני י Haggai 1:12; מלפני (אלהיםׅ׳י stand in awe before (God) Ecclesiastes 3:14; Ecclesiastes 8:12,13.
3 fear, reverence, honour, e.g. parents Leviticus 19:3 (H), Moses and Joshua Joshua 4:14 (twice in verse), the oath 1 Samuel 14:26; Ecclesiastes 9:2, commandment Proverbs 13:13, the sanctuary Leviticus 19:30; Leviticus 26:2 (H), other gods Judges 6:10; 2 Kings 17:7,35,37,38; elsewhere of God:
a. absolute Jeremiah 44:10.
b. with accusative (ה)אלהים Genesis 22:12; Genesis 42:18; Exodus 1:17,21; Exodus 18:21 (E), Deuteronomy 25:18; Psalm 55:20; Psalm 66:16; Job 1:1,8,9; Job 2:3; Ecclesiastes 5:6; Ecclesiastes 7:18; Ecclesiastes 8:12; Ecclesiastes 12:13; Nehemiah 7:2; יהוה׳יר Exodus 14:31 (J), Joshua 22:25 (P), Joshua 24:14 (E), 1 Samuel 12:14,24; 1 Kings 18:3,12; 2 Kings 4:1; 2 Kings 17:25,28,32,33,34,41; Isaiah 50:10; Jeremiah 5:24; Jeremiah 26:19; Hosea 10:3; Jonah 1:9; Malachi 3:16 (twice in verse); Psalm 15:4; Psalm 22:24; Psalm 25:12; Psalm 34:10; Psalm 112:1; Psalm 115:11; Psalm 115:13; Psalm 118:4; Psalm 128:1; Psalm 128:4; Psalm 135:20; Proverbs 3:7; Proverbs 14:2; Proverbs 24:21; Proverbs 31:30; אֱלֹהֶיךָ׳י ׳יר (and other suffixes) Deuteronomy 6:2,13,24; Deuteronomy 10:12,20; Deuteronomy 14:23; Deuteronomy 17:19; Deuteronomy 31:12,13; Joshua 4:24 (D), 2 Kings 17:39; with suffixes referring to Yahweh or Elohim Deuteronomy 4:10; Deuteronomy 5:26; Deuteronomy 8:6; Deuteronomy 13:5; 1 Kings 8:40,43 2 Chronicles 6:31,33; 2 Kings 17:36; Isaiah 25:3; Isaiah 29:13; Jeremiah 10:7; Jeremiah 32:39; Malachi 2:5; Malachi 3:5; Zephaniah 3:7; Psalm 22:26; Psalm 25:14; Psalm 31:20; Psalm 33:18; Psalm 34:8; Psalm 34:10; Psalm 60:6; Psalm 67:8; Psalm 72:5; Psalm 85:10; Psalm 103:11; Psalm 103:13; Psalm 103:17; Psalm 111:5; Psalm 119:63; Psalm 119:74; Psalm 119:79; Psalm 145:19; Psalm 147:11; ׳הַיָּרֵא אֶתדְּֿבַר י Exodus 9:20 he that feared the word of Yahweh (J); the name ( of Yahweh) Deuteronomy 28:58; Isaiah 59:19; Malachi 3:20; Psalm 61:6; Psalm 86:11; Psalm 102:16; Nehemiah 1:11.
Niph`al45 Imperfect 2 masculine תִּוָּרֵא Psalm 130:4; Participle נוֺרָא Genesis 28:17 33t.; feminine נוֺרָאָה Isaiah 21:1; plural נוֺרָאוֺת Isaiah 64:2 5t.; נוֺרָאֹת Deuteronomy 10:21; נֹרָאוֺת 2 Samuel 7:23; suffix נוֺרְאוֺתֶיךָ Psalm 145:6; —
1 be fearful, dreadful, e.g. wilderness Deuteronomy 1:19; Deuteronomy 8:15, land Isaiah 21:1, people Isaiah 18:2,7; Habakkuk 1:7, ice (in simile) ׳כְּעֵין הַקֶּרַח הנ Ezekiel 1:22 (strike out ᵐ5 Co).
2 cause astonishment and awe: of Yahweh himself Psalm 47:3; Psalm 68:36; Psalm 76:8; נוֺרָא תְהִלֹּת awe-inspiring in praises Exodus 15:11 (song); עַלאֿלוהּ נוֺרָא הוֺד awe-inspiring majesty ( is) upon Eloah Job 37:22; with לְ, to kings of the earth Psalm 76:13; with על of hostile nations Zephaniah 2:11; of ׳י s doings Exodus 34:10 (J) Psalm 66:3; Psalm 66:5; (ה)נוראות wonderful, glorious things, of Messianic king Psalm 45:5; of Yahweh himself Deuteronomy 10:21; 2 Samuel 7:23 = 1 Chronicles 17:21; Isaiah 64:2; Psalm 106:22; Psalm 145:6; ׳נו adverbially in Psalm 65:6; Psalm 139:14 Ges§ 118. 5. b Da Synt. § 70(b); הגדול והנורא׳יוֺם י the great and awful day of Yahweh Joel 3:4; Malachi 3:23 compare Joel 2:11.
3 inspire reverence, godly fear, and awe:
a. as attribute of God, לְמַעַן תִּוָּרֵא that thou mightest be revered Psalm 130:4; (ה)גָּדוֺלו(ה)נוֺרָא (the) great and awful (God) Deuteronomy 7:21; Deuteronomy 10:17; Nehemiah 1:5; Nehemiah 4:8; Nehemiah 9:32; Daniel 9:4; with עַל, above all gods Psalm 96:4 = 1 Chronicles 16:25; above the angels round about him Psalm 89:8.
b. of the name of Yahweh Deuteronomy 28:58; Psalm 99:3; Psalm 111:9; Malachi 1:14.
c. of sacred things: מלאךְהאלהים Judges 13:6; place of theophany Genesis 28:17 (E).
Piel.5 Perfect 3 masculine suffix יֵָֽרְאֻנִי 2 Samuel 14:15; Infinitive suffix לְיָָֽרְאֵנִי Nehemiah 6:19; לְיָֽרְאָם 2 Chronicles 32:18; Participle plural מְיָָֽרְאִים Nehemiah 6:9,14 make afraid, terrify, with accusative
יָרֵא pret. pl. יְרֵאתֶם Deuteronomy 5:5, and יְרָאתֶם Joshua 4:14 fut. יִירָא, וַיִּירָא, וַיִּרָא; plur. יִירְאוּ and יִֽרְאוּ, 2 Kings 17:28 imp. יְרָא, plur. יְראוּ, by a Syriacism for יִרְאוּ, Lehrg. p. 417. 1 Samuel 12:24; Psalms 34:10 inf. יְראֹ Joshua 22:25 with pref. לֵראֹ for לִיראֹ 1 Samuel 18:29 elsewhere fem. יִרְאָה, prop. to tremble. For this root is softened from יָרַע ورع, يرع to tremble, comp. זָרַע Aramean זְרָא to sow, גְּמַע and גָּמָא to swallow greedily, خبع and خبأ to hide. Hence
(1) to fear, to be afraid. It is construed
(a) absol. Genesis 3:10, 18:15. אַל־תִּירָא, אַל־תִּירְאִי, fear not, Genesis 15:1, 21:17 26:24 and often elsewhere.
(b) followed by an acc. of pers. or thing, that we fear, Numbers 14:9, 21:34 Job 9:35 also מִן and מִפְּנֵי Deuteronomy 1:29, 5:5 Psalms 3:7, 27:1 Joshua 11:6 (prop. to fear from [or before] some person, or thing, in the same manner as verbs of fleeing; compare מִן No. 2, a).
(c) followed by לְ to fear for any person or thing. Joshua 9:24, וַנִּירָא מְאֹד לְנַפְשֹׁתֵינוּ מִפְּנֵיכֶם “and we feared greatly for our lives because of you;” Proverbs 31:21 (d) followed by לְ and מִן with an inf. to fear (to hesitate) to do any thing. Genesis 19:30, כִּי יָרֵא לָשֶׁבֶת בְּצֹעַר “for he feared to dwell in Zoar;” 46:3 Exodus 3:6, 34:30.
(e) followed by פֶּן to fear lest any thing may be done, like δείδω μὴ, Genesis 31:31, 32:8.
(2) to fear, to reverence, as one’s parents, Leviticus 19:3 a leader, Joshua 4:14 the sanctuary, Levit. 19:30 an oath, 1 Samuel 14:26.
Specially יָרֵא אֶת־אֱלֹהִים
(a) to fear God, prop. Exodus 14:31; 1 Samuel 12:18.
(b) to reverence him, as the avenger of wrong; hence to be godly, upright. e.g. Leviticus 19:14, 32 Leviticus 19:32, 25:17 Exodus 1:17; Proverbs 3:7, “fear God, and fly from evil;” Job 1:19. Followed by מִלִּפְנֵי Ecclesiastes 8:12, 13. Once without the name of God, Jeremiah 44:10. In like manner in Syr. and Arab. verbs of fearing are applied to religion and piety; as حشى, ورع, رهب, وقى, Conj. III.
(3) to tremble for joy, like the synonym. פָּחַד. Isaiah 60:5, where the more correct copies have תִּֽרְאִי i.q. תִּֽירְאִי, not תּרְאִי. [In Thes. this meaning is expressly repudiated; and in Isaiah 60:5, the reading תִּרְאִי is preferred; so LXX., Vulg., Targ., Syr., Saad.]
Niphal נוֹרָא to be feared, Psalms 130:4. Part. נוֹרָא δεινός.
(1) terrible, dreadful, used of the desert, Deuteronomy 1:19, 8:15 of the day of judgment, Joel 2:11, 3:4.
(2) venerable, august, Genesis 28:17; Psalms 99:3; Job 37:22; Ezekiel 1:22.
(3) stupendous, admirable, Psalms 66:3, Psalms 66:5; Exodus 15:11. Plural נוֹרָאוֹת wonderful, or illustrious deeds, of men, Psalms 45:5. [But the man here spoken of is “God with us”], especially the deeds of God [always], Deuteronomy 10:21; 2 Samuel 7:23 adv. in a wonderful manner, wonderfully, Psalms 65:6, 139:14 (like נִפְלָאוֹת).
Piel יֵרֵא to terrify, to put in fear, 2 Samuel 14:15; 2 Chronicles 32:18; Nehemiah 6:9, 14.
Derivatives the following words, and מוֹרָא.
יָרֵא m. constr. יְרֵא fem. יְרֵאָה constr. יִרְאַת (Proverbs 31:30); verbal adj.
(1) fearing, reverencing; with personal pronouns it forms a periphrasis for the finite verb, as יָרֵא אָנֹכִי I fear, Genesis 32:12 יָרֵא אַתָּה thou fearest, Judges 7:10 אֲנַחְנוּ יְרֵאִים we fear, 1 Samuel 23:3 אֵינֶנּוּ יָרֵא he does not fear, Ecclesiastes 8:13. Followed by the case of the verb יָרֵא אֶת־יְהֹוָה fearing God, 2 Kings 4:1 elsewhere followed by a genitive, יְרֵא אֱלֹהִים religious, pious [one who fears God], (timidus Deorum, Ovid.); Genesis 22:12; Job 1:1, Job 1:8, 2:3.
(2) fearful, Deuteronomy 20:8.