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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary
Strong's #599 - ἀποθνήσκω
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ἀποθνήσκω,
fut. -θᾰνοῦμαι, Ion. -θανέομαι or -εῦμαι Hdt. 3.143, 7.134: — strengthd. for θνῄσκω,
I die, Hom. (v. infr.), Pi. O. 1.27, and once in Trag. (E. Fr. 578.6); in Com. and Prose the usual form of the pres.; σεῦ ἀποτεθνηῶτος Il. 22.432; ἀποθνῄσκων περὶ φασγάνῳ Od. 11.424; βόες δ' ἀποτέθνασαν ἤδη 12.393; ἐκ τῶν τρωμάτων Hdt. 2.63; ὑπὸ λιμοῦ Th. 1.126: c. dat., βρόμῳ κεραυνοῦ Pi.l.c.; νόσῳ Th. 8.84: c. acc. cogn., θάνατον ἀ. X. Mem. 4.8.3, etc.; εἰς ἕτερον ζῆν ἀ. Pl. Ax. 365d; to be ready to die, of laughter, etc., Ar. Ach. 15; ἀ. τῷ δέει Arist. MM 1191a35.
II serving as Pass. of ἀποκτείνω, to be put to death, slain, ὑπό τινος Hdt. 1.137, 7.154; esp. by judicial sentence, ἀποθανεῖν ὑπὸ τῆς πόλεως Lycurg. 93, cf. Pl. Ap. 29d, 32d,al., Arist. Rh. 1397a30 (v.l.).
III renounce, νόμῳ Galatians 2:19; ἀπό τινος Colossians 2:20.
ἀπο -θνήσκω ,
[in LXX chiefly for H4191;]
to die: of natural death, Mark 5:35, al.; of violent death (pass. of ἀποκτείνω ), esp. of Christ, Matthew 26:35, John 12:33, Hebrews 10:28, al.; of spiritual death, John 6:50, Romans 8:13, al.; c. dat. ref., Romans 6:2; Romans 6:10; Romans 14:7-8, Galatians 2:19; acc, ὅ , Romans 6:10; seq. ἐν , Matthew 8:32, John 8:21; John 8:24, 1 Corinthians 15:22, Hebrews 11:37, Revelation 14:13; seq. ὑπέρ , περί , John 11:50-51; John 18:14, Romans 5:6-8; Romans 14:15, 1 Corinthians 15:3, 2 Corinthians 5:15, 1 Thessalonians 5:10, 1 Peter 3:18; ἀπὸ , Colossians 2:20; ἐκ , Revelation 8:11; fig., 1 Corinthians 15:31 (cf. συν -αποθνήσκω , and v. Milligan, NTD, 258 f.; DCG, i, 791b; Cremer, 286; MM, s.v.; on the perfective force of this verb, M, Pr., 112, 114; and on the distinction bet. pres. and aor., ib. 113 f.).
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
On the reason why the perfect of this verb was τέθνηκα, not ἀποτέθνηκα, see Proleg. p. 114. Marcus Aurelius, it is true, uses ἀποτέθνηκα, a natural result of levelling when the simplex had become obsolete; but the editor of P Iand 9.5 (ii/A.D.) is not thereby justified in restoring ἀπο ]τε ̣θ ̣νῶτ [ο ̣ς. No other part of the simplex survives, and no other compound. An interesting instance of the word occurs in P Par 47.7 ff. (c. B.C. 153) (= Selections, p. 22) οἱ παρὰ σὲ θεοὶ. . . ὅτι ἐνβέβληκαν ὑμᾶς εἰς ὕλην μεγάλην καὶ οὗ δυνάμεθα ἀποθανεῖν, ";your gods (are false) because they have cast us into a great forest, where we may possibly die."; As a parallel to the Pauline usage in 1 Corinthians 15:31 may be noted the touching letter P Giss I. 17.9 (time of Hadrian), where a slave writes to her absent master, ἀποθνήσκομεν ὅτι οὐ βλέπομέν σε καθ᾽ ἡμέραν. The use of the present tense justifies one more citation, BGU IV. 1024iv. 9 (iv/v A.D.), where a ἡγεμών, passing sentence of death on a man who had disinterred a corpse, says he is less than a beast, καὶ γὰρ τὰ θηρία [τ ]οῖς μὲν ἀνθρώποις πρόσισιν, τῶν δὲ [ἀ ]ποθνησκόντων φίδοντα [ι ]. Here the meaning is ";spare them when they die"; : the pres. is frequentative, as in Hebrews 7:8 or Revelation 14:13. The MGr is ἀποθαίνω (or πεθαίνω etc.).
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
the Fifth Week after Epiphany