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Bible Lexicons
Old Testament Hebrew Lexical Dictionary
Strong's #5647 - עָבַד
- Brown-Driver-Briggs
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2518) dbo (אהבד AhBD) AC: Serve CO: Servant AB: Service: A work performed or made for another out of obligation, requirement or gratitude. (eng: obey)
V) dbo (אהבד AhBD) - I. Serve:To provide a service to another or to work at a profession. [Hebrew and Aramaic] II. Do:[Aramaic only] KJV (318): (vf: Paal, Niphal, Hiphil, Hophal, Pual) serve, do, till, servant, work, worshipper, service, dress, labour, ear, make, go, keep, move, wrought - Strongs: H5647 (עָבַד), H5648 (עֲבַד)
Nm) dbo (אהבד AhBD) - Servant: KJV (808): servant, manservant, bondman, bondage, bondservant, sides - Strongs: H5649 (עֲבַד), H5650 (עֶבֶד), H5652 (עֲבָד)
Nf3) tfdbo (אהבדות AhBDWT) - Servitude: A forced service. KJV (3): bondage - Strongs: H5659 (עַבְדוּת)
am) dbom (מאהבד MAhBD) - Service: [Hebrew and Aramaic] KJV (2): work - Strongs: H4566 (מַעֲבָד), H4567 (מַעֲבָד)
bf1) edibo (אהבידה AhBYDH) - Service: [Aramaic only] KJV (6): work, affair, service - Strongs: H5673 (עֲבִידָה)
cf1) edfbo (אהבודה AhBWDH) - Service: KJV (141): service, servile, work, bondage, act, serve, servitude, tillage, effect, labour - Strongs: H5656 (עֲבוֹדָה)
df1) edfbo (אהבודה AhBWDH) - Servant: KJV (2): servant, household - Strongs: H5657 (עֲבֻדָּה)
Jeff Benner, Ancient Hebrew Research Center Used by permission of the author.
עָבַד fut. יַעֲבֹד
(1) to labour, to work (ar=beiten), to do work. (Aram. ܥܒܕܰ, עֲבַד to do, i.q. Heb. עָשָׂה; Arab. عبد to worship God, see No. 2, b; Conj. II. to reduce to servitude, see No. 3,) Constr. absol. Exodus 20:9, שֵׁשֶׁת יָמִים תַּעֲבֹד “six days shalt thou labour” (opp. to שָׁבַת). Deuteronomy 5:13; Ecclesiastes 5:11. Followed by an acc. of the thing, to bestow labour on any thing (etwas be arbeiten), to till a field, Genesis 2:5, 3:23 4:2 a vineyard, Deuteronomy 28:39 a garden, Genesis 2:15 used of artisans, Isaiah 19:9, עֹבְדֵי פִשְׁתִּים “those who work in flax.” Ezekiel 48:18, עֹבדֵי־הָעִיר “those who work (in building) the city.” Without the acc. Deuteronomy 15:19, “thou shalt not till (the ground) (i.e. thou shalt not plough) with the firstling of thy ox.”
(2) to serve, to work for another, Genesis 29:20 commonly followed by an acc. of pers. to serve any one (Germ. jemanden bedienen), Genesis 27:40, 29:15 30:26 followed by לְ 1 Samuel 4:9 עִם with some one, Genesis 29:25, 30 Genesis 29:30; Leviticus 25:40 and לִפְנֵי 2 Samuel 16:19 (used of the king’s minister, comp. עָמַד לִפְנֵי). Followed by two acc. Genesis 30:29, יָדַעְתָּ אֵת אֲשֶׁר עֲבַדְתִּיךָ “thou knowest how I have served thee.” Specially to serve is used
(a) of a people to a people, Genesis 14:4, 15:14 25:23 Isaiah 19:23. Here belongs Genesis 15:13, וַעֲבָדוּם וְעִנּוּ אֹתָם “and they (the Israelites) shall serve them (the Egyptians), and they (the Egyptians) shall evil intreat them.”
(b) to serve God or idols; i.e. to worship God or idols, followed by an acc. Exodus 3:12, 9:1, 13 Deuteronomy 4:19, 8:19 30:17 followed by לְ Jeremiah 44:3; Judges 2:13. Absol. used of the worship of Jehovah, Job 36:11, “if they obey and serve (Jehovah).” Isaiah 19:23, “and the Egyptians shall serve (Jehovah) with the Assyrians;” (see above as to the Arabic usage).-It is also said
(c) with two accus. to serve Jehovah with anything, i.e. to offer sacrifice, Exodus 10:26 and without the name of God, עָבַד זֶבַח וּמִנְחָה to offer sacrifice and bloodless oblation, Isaiah 19:21, prop. to serve or worship (God) with offering sacrifices, etc.
(3) עָבַד בְּ causat. i.q. הֱעֶבִיד (comp. בְּ letter B, 4) to impose labour or servitude upon any one. Leviticus 25:39, לֹא תַעֲבֹד בּוֹ עֲבֹדַת עָֽבֶד “thou shalt not impose upon him servile work;” verse 46 Leviticus 25:46; Exodus 1:14; Jeremiah 22:13, 25:14 30:8.
Niphal
(a) to be tilled as a field, Deuteronomy 21:4; Ezekiel 36:9, 34 Ezekiel 36:34.
(b) to be served, as a king by his subjects, Ecclesiastes 5:8.
Pual
(1) i.q. Niph., Deuteronomy 21:3 comp. 15:19.
(2) pass. of Kal No. 3. Isaiah 14:3, “the hard bondage אֲשֶׁר עֻבַּד בָּךְ which was laid upon thee.” For עֻבַּד one would expect עֻבְּדָה, but see Hebr. Gramm. § 138, 1, b.
Hiphil
(1) causat. of Kal No. 1, to cause to labour, to compel to do work, followed by an acc., Exodus 1:13, 6:5 hence to cause weariness by hard labour, to fatigue. Isaiah 43:24, “I have not wearied thee with (offering) sacrifices … 24, אַךְ הֱעֶבַדְתַּנִי בְּחַטֹּאותֶיךָ but thou hast wearied me with thy sins.”
(2) causat. of No. 2, to make to serve, Ezekiel 29:18 to bring (a people) into bondage, Jeremiah 17:4.
(3) causat. of No. 2, b, 2 Chronicles 34:33.
Hophal, הָעֳבַד to be made to serve, or to worship, Exodus 20:5 לֹא תָעָבְדֵם “thou shalt not be made to worship them (false Gods);” 23:24 Deuteronomy 5:9 hence to serve at the persuasion, incitement of others, 13:3.
Hence are derived the nouns which immediately follow, עֶבֶד-עֹבַדְיָה, and also מַעֲבָד.
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