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Bible Lexicons
Old Testament Hebrew Lexical Dictionary Hebrew Lexicon
Strong's #3637 - כָּלַם
- Brown-Driver-Briggs
- Strong
- to insult, shame, humiliate, blush, be ashamed, be put to shame, be reproached, be put to confusion, be humiliated
- (Niphal)
- to be humiliated, be ashamed
- to be put to shame, be dishonoured, be confounded
- (Hiphil)
- to put to shame, insult, humiliate, cause shame to
- to exhibit shame
- (Hophal)
- to be insulted, be humiliated
- to be put to shame, be dishonoured, be confounded
- (Niphal)
- Book
- Word
did not use
this Strong's Number
2261) mlk (כלמ KLM) AC: ? CO: ? AB: Shame
V) mlk (כלמ KLM) - Shame: KJV (38): (vf: Niphal, Hiphil, Hophal) ashamed, confound, shame, blush, hurt, reproach, confusion - Strongs: H3637 (כָּלַם)
bf1) emilk (כלימה KLYMH) - Shame: KJV (30): shame, confusion, dishonour, reproach - Strongs: H3639 (כְּלִמָּה)
bf3) tfmilk (כלימות KLYMWT) - Shame: KJV (1): shame - Strongs: H3640 (כְּלִמּוּת)
Jeff Benner, Ancient Hebrew Research Center Used by permission of the author.
Niph`al, Hoph`al be humiliated,
Hiph`il humiliate (Late Hebrew Hiph`il, id.; Aramaic כְּלַם Aph`el, Ithpe`el; Arabic is wound; also speak to, converse with); —
Niph`al Perfect 2 feminine singular וְנִכְלַמְתְּ consecutive Jeremiah 22:22 2t.; 1 singular נִכְלַמְתִּי Jeremiah 31:19; Ezra 9:6, נִכְלָ֑מְתִּי Isaiah 50:7; 3 plural נִכְלְמוּ Isaiah 45:16 2t.; Imperfect 3 feminine singular תִּכָּלֵם Numbers 12:14; 2 feminine singular תִּכָּֽלְמִי Isaiah 54:4; 3 masculine plural יִכָּֽלְמוּ Isaiah 41:11 5t.; 2 masculine plural תִּכָּֽלְמוּ Isaiah 45:17; Imperative masculine plural הִכָּֽלְמוּ Ezekiel 36:32; Infinitive construct הִכָּלֵם Jeremiah 3:3; Jeremiah 8:12; Participle נִכְלָם Psalm 74:21; masculine plural נִכְלָמִים 2 Samuel 10:5 2t.; feminine plural נִכְלָמוֺת Ezekiel 16:27>; — be humiliated, ashamed, put to shame, dishonoured, confounded:
1 be humiliated, ashamed, before men Numbers 12:14 (E), 2 Samuel 10:5 = 1 Chronicles 19:5; 2 Samuel 19:4, compare Psalm 74:21; before enemies (by defeat, etc.) Isaiah 45:17 ("" בושׁ), Isaiah 50:7; Isaiah 54:4 ("" בושׁ, חפר); before God, followed by לְ infinitive, וְנִכְלַמְתִּיאֱלֹהַי לְהָרִים מָּנַי אֵלֶיךָ Ezra 9:6 ("" בושׁ); Jeremiah 3:3; Ezekiel 16:27,54 ("" נָשָׂא כְלִמָּה), Ezekiel 43:10,11 (all + מִן causative) Ezekiel 16:61, so probably Levites, at Hezekiah's reforms 2 Chronicles 30:5.
2 be put to shame, dishonoured, confounded, by judgments of ׳י, all "" בושׁ: Jeremiah 22:22 (מִן of cause), Ezekiel 36:32 ( id.), Jeremiah 31:19 (כִּי of cause), Jeremiah 8:12; Isaiah 41:11; Isaiah 45:16 (+ הָלַךְ בַּכְּלִמָּה), Psalm 35:4; Psalm 69:7; + חפר Psalm 40:15; Psalm 70:3.
Hiph`il Perfect 3 masculine singular suffix הִכְּלִמוֺ 1 Samuel 20:34; 3 masculine plural suffix הֶכְלַמְנוּם (Ges§ 53, 3 R. 6) 1 Samuel 25:7; Imperfect יַכְלִים Proverbs 28:7; 2 masculine singular suffix וַתַּכְלִימֵנוּ Psalm 44:10; 2 masculine plural suffix תַּכְלִימוּנִי Job 19:3, מֿוּהָ Ruth 2:15; Infinitive construct הַכְלִים Jeremiah 6:15; Proverbs 25:8; Participle מַכְלִים Judges 18:7 (but see below), מַכְלִם Job 11:3; —
1 put to shame = insult, humiliate, with accusative 1 Samuel 20:34; 1 Samuel 25:7 (compare Hoph`al 1 Samuel 25:15) Ruth 2:15; Job 19:3; humiliate by rebuke Job 11:3; humiliate by defeat Proverbs 25:8; Psalm 44:10; cause shame to Proverbs 28:7; — Judges 18:7 is corrupt (see Be VB GFM; Be proposes מַחְסוֺר כלדֿבר there was no lack of anything, for ᵑ0׳מַכְלִים ד; GFM conjectures מְכַלֵּאמִדָּבָר there is no one to restrain (us) from anything in the land).
2 exhibit shame Jeremiah 6:15 ("" בוֺשׁ).
Hoph`al Perfect
1 1 plural לֹא הָכְלַמְנוּ 1 Samuel 25:15 we were not insulted, humiliated (compare Hiph`il 1).
2 3 plural חָכְלְמוּ Jeremiah 14:3 they were put to shame, dishonoured, confounded ("" בושׁ).
כָּלַם unused in Kal, pr. to wound; like the Arab. كلم Conj. I. II.; comp. Sansc. klam, to be exhausted, fatigued, whence perhaps is the Lat. calumnia. A similar figurative use is certainly found in Hebrew, [“like many other words implying, to pierce, to prick, to cut, such as נָקַב, גִּדֵּף”].
Hiphil הִכְּלִים and הֶכְלִים (1 Samuel 25:7).
(1) to reproach, pr. to hurt some one, 1 Samuel 20:34.
(2) to treat shamefully, to injure, 1 Samuel 25:7; Judges 18:7.
(3) to put any one to shame, Job 11:3; Proverbs 25:8; Psalms 44:10. This verb is stronger than the synonym בּוֹשׁ Hi. הוֹבִישׁ; comp. Isaiah 45:16, 16 Isaiah 45:16; Jeremiah 31:19, and see Reimarus de Differentiis, vcc. Hebr. Diss. I. p. 67, sq.
Hophal
(1) to be hurt, injured, 1 Samuel 25:15.
(2) to be made ashamed (through disappointed hope), Jeremiah 14:3 comp. Niph.
Niphal
(1) to be insulted, disgraced, 2 Samuel 10:5; 1 Chronicles 19:5.
(2) to be put to shame, befchämt daftehn, zu Schanden werden, Jeremiah 31:19 often used of one who fails in his endeavours, Psalms 35:4, 40:15 70:3 74:21 also to be ashamed, i.q. בּוֹשׁ, Numbers 12:14 followed by מִן of cause, Ezekiel 16:27, 54 Ezekiel 16:54 followed by כּ, Psalms 69:7.
Derivatives כְּלִמָּה, כְּלִמּוּת.