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Bible Lexicons
Old Testament Hebrew Lexical Dictionary
Strong's #4941 - מִשְׁפָּט
- Brown-Driver-Briggs
- Strong
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2864) ups (סהפתה ShPTh) AC: Judge CO: ? AB: Judgment: Rulings over cases as well as the action of deciding a case.
V) ups (סהפתה ShPTh) - Judge: To rule over cases of dispute or wrong doing. [Hebrew and Aramaic] KJV (204): (vf: Paal, Niphal, Participle) judge, plead, avenge, condemn, execute, judgment, defend, deliver, magistrate - Strongs: H8199 (שָׁפַט), H8200 (שְׁפַט)
Nm) ups (סהפתה ShPTh) - Judgment: KJV (16): judgment - Strongs: H8201 (שֶׁפֶט)
cm) ufps (סהפותה ShPWTh) - Judgment: KJV (2): judgment - Strongs: H8196 (שְׁפוּט)
dm) ufps (סהפותה ShPWTh) - Judgment: KJV (2): judgment - Strongs: H8196 (שְׁפוּט)
hm) upsm (מסהפתה MShPTh) - Judgment: KJV (421): judgment, manner, right, cause, ordinance, lawful, order, worthy, fashion, custom, discretion, law, measure, sentence - Strongs: H4941 (מִשְׁפָּט)
efm) iupis (סהיפתהי ShYPThY) - Sheriff: [Aramaic only] KJV (2): sheriff - Strongs: H8614 (תִּפְתָּי)
Jeff Benner, Ancient Hebrew Research Center Used by permission of the author.
מִשְׁפָּט (from שָׁפַט)
(1) judgment
(a) used of the act of judging, Levit. 19:15, “do no unrighteousness בַּמִּשְׁפָּט in judgment;” verse 35 Leviticus 19:35; Deuteronomy 1:17, כִּי הַמִּשְׁפָּט לֵאלֹהִים הוּא “for the judgment (is) God’s.” Isaiah 28:6, יוֹשֵׁב עַל הַמִּשְׁפָּט “he who sitteth in judgment.” Ezekiel 21:32, עַד־בּאֹ אֲשֶׁר לוֹ הַמִּשְׁפָּט “until he shall come whose the judgment is.”
(b) of the place of judgment (מְקוֹם הַמִּשְׁפָּט Ecclesiastes 3:16). בּאֹ בַּמִּשְׁפָּט עִם to bring any one into judgment, Job 9:32, 22:4 Psalms 143:2 compare Job 14:3; Ecclesiastes 11:9.
(c) a forensic cause, Numb. 27:5. עָרַךְ מִשְׁפָּט to set forth a cause, Job 13:18, 23:4. שָׁפַט עָשָׂה מִשְׁפַּט פּ׳, to plead any one’s cause, to be his patron, Deuteronomy 10:18; Psalms 9:5 (compare דִּין and רִיב). דִּבֶּר מִשְׁפָּטִים אֵת to contend with any one, Jeremiah 12:1. בַּעַל מִשְׁפָּטִי my adversary, prop. he who has a cause with me, Isaiah 50:8.
(d) sentence of a judge, 1 Kings 3:28, 20:40 Psalms 17:2 pl. מִשְׁפְּטֵי יְהֹוָה judgments of the Lord, 19:10 119:75, 137 Psalms 119:137. Especially used of a sentence by which penalty is inflicted. מִשְׁפַּט מָוֶת sentence of death, Deuter. 21:22 Jeremiah 26:11. דִּבֶּר מִשְׁפָּטִים אֶת פּ׳ to pass a hard sentence upon one, to impose punishment upon him, Jeremiah 1:16, 4:12 39:5 52:9 2 Kings 25:6 (see the same phrase, let. c.) Also used of punishment [?], Isaiah 53:8.
(e) fault, crime, for which one is judged, Jeremiah 51:9. מִשְׁפַּט דָּמִים capital crime, Ezekiel 7:23.
(2) right, that which is just, lawful, according to law. הִטָּה מִשִׁפָּט to pervert right, Deuteronomy 16:19, 27:19 1 Samuel 8:3. עָשָׂה מִשְׁפָּט וּצְדָקָה to do judgment (right) and justice. Jeremiah 22:15, 23:5 33:15 Deuteronomy 32:4, בָּל־דְּרָבָיז מִשֻׁפָּט “all his ways (are) right,” i.e. just. מאֹזְנֵי מִשְׁפָּט just balances, Proverbs 16:11. לַמִּשְׁפָּט according to what is. right, Jeremiah 46:28 and on the other hand, בְּלֹא מִשְׁפָּט without right, Proverbs 16:11; Jeremiah 22:13. Specially
(a) a law, a statute (as a rule of judging), Exodus 21:1, 24:3 often מִשְׁפְּטֵי יְיָ, of the laws of God, Leviticus 18:4, Leviticus 18:5, 26 Leviticus 18:26, 19:37 20:22, seqq.; Deuteronomy 4:1, 7:11, 12 and collect, used of the body of laws (as we say, the law of Moses, the Justinian code), e.g. מִשְׁפַּט יְיָ Isaiah 51:4 and simply מִשְׁפַּט 42:1, Isaiah 42:3, Isaiah 42:4, the divine law (i.q. תּוֹרָה), divine religion.
(b) used of that which is lawfully due to any one, (privilege). מִשְׁפַּט הַגְּאֻלָּה right of redemption, Jeremiah 32:7 מ׳ הַבְּכֹרָה right of primogeniture, Deuteronomy 21:17 and collect. מִשְׁפַּט חַמֶּלֶךְ regal right, or, regal rights and privileges, 1 Samuel 8:9, 11 1 Samuel 8:11, 10:25 מִשְׁפַּט הַכֹּהֲנִים מֵאֵת הָעָם the things due to the priests from the people, Deuteronomy 18:3 מִשְׁפַּט הַבָּנוֹת the privileges of daughters, Exodus 21:9. As laws have arisen not only from the will of a legislator, but also often from the manners and customs of nations, מ׳ is also
(c) a manner, custom. 2 Kings 11:14, “and behold the king stood upon a standing place כַּמִּשְׁפָּט according to the manner;” 17:33, 34 2 Kings 17:34, 40 2 Kings 17:40. Genesis 40:13, כַּמִּשְׁפָּט הָרִאשׁוֹן “in the former manner,” Exodus 26:30; Jeremiah 30:18. (Comp. Arab. دِينُ and Gr. δίκη.) Hence
(d) fashion, kind, plan. 2 Kings 1:7, מֶה מִשְׁפַּט הָאִישׁ “what kind of a man was he?” Judges 13:12, מַה יִּהְיֶה מִשְׁפַּט הַנַּעַר וּמַעֲשֵׁהוּ “what kind of a boy shall he be? and what will he do?”
the Fourth Week after Epiphany