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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary
Strong's #1311 - διαφθείρω
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διαφθείρω,
fut. -φθερῶ S. OT 438, etc., -φθέρσω Il. 13.625: pf. διέφθαρκα E. Med. 226, Pl. Ap. 30d, etc.; also διέφθορα (v. infr. 111): — Pass., fut. διαφθᾰρήσομαι Th. 4.37; Ion. διαφθερέομαι Hdt. 8.108, 9.42: 3 pl. plpf. διεφθάρατο Id. 8.90: —
I
1. destroy utterly, πόλιν Il. 13.625; ἔργα διαφθείρεσκε Hdt. 1.36; make away with, kill, τινά Id. 9.88, etc.; destroy, ruin, ἥδ' ἡμέρα φύσει σε καὶ διαφθερεῖ S.l.c.; τὴν τύχην Id. Ph. 1069; δ. χεῖρα weaken, slacken one's hand, E. Med. 1055; spoil, break, ὑγιῆ λίθον IG 7.3073.33 (Lebad., ii B.C.); τὰ θυρώματα διεφθάρθαι IG 22.1046.11; δ. τὴν συνουσίαν break up the party, Pl. Prt. 338d.
2. in moral sense, corrupt, ruin, γνώμην A. Ag. 932; δ. τοὺς νέους, τοὺς νεωτέρους, Pl. Ap. 30b, 25a; νεανίσκον συνὼν δ. Eup. 337; esp. corrupt by bribes, Hdt. 5.51; ἀργυρίῳ δ. τινά Lys. 28.9; διαφθειρομένων ἐπὶ χρήμασι D. 18.45; δ. γυναῖκα seduce a woman, Lys. 1.16, etc., cf. E. Ba. 318 (Pass.); δ. τοὺς νόμους falsify, counterfeit them, Isoc. 18.11; γραμματεῖον Id. 17.33 (Pass., ib.24); τὰ φεφ αδηκότα IG 9(1).334.37 (Locr., V. B.C.).
3. οὐδὲν διαφθείρας τοῦ χρώματος having changed nothing of his colour, Pl. Phd. 117b.
4. of a woman, to lose by miscarriage or premature birth, ἔμβρυα, βρέφος, Hp. Aph. 5.53, Plu. 2.242c: abs., miscarry, Hp. Epid. 7.73, Isa 8.36: — Pass., τῶν διαφθαρεισῶν τὰ ἔμβρυα Hp. Mul. 1.72.
5. lose, forget, E. Hipp. 389.
6. = διάγω, dub. in Id. Fr. 280.
II Pass., to be destroyed, δ. ἐπὶ τοῖς ἱματίοις to be murdered for the clothes he wore, Antipho 2.2.5; of animals, freq. in Pap., POxy. 74.14 (ii A.D.), etc.; esp. to be crippled, disabled, Hdt. 1.34; of ships, ib. 166, And. 1.142; to be spoilt, γάλα BGU 1109.11 (i B.C.), cf. Th. 7.84; to be corrupted, αἷμα Gal. 15.297, al.; τὴν ἀκοὴν διεφθαρμένος deaf, Hdt. 1.38; τὰ σκέλεα διεφθάρησαν had their legs broken, Id. 8.28; διέφθαρμαι δέμας τὸ πᾶν S. Tr. 1056; τὰ ὄμματα δ. blinded, Pl. R. 517a; σὰς φρένας E. Hel. 1192; τὸ φρενῶν διαφθαρέν, = φρενοβλάβεια, Id. Or. 297, cf. X. Cyr. 4.1.8: abs., διεφθαρμένος decomposed, of a corpse, Pl. R. 614b.
III pf. διέφθορα intr.,
1. to have lost one's wits, διέφθορας Il. 15.128; also in Hp., διεφθορὸς αἷμα corrupted blood, Mul. 2.134; freq. in later Prose, γάλα δ. ἤδη J. AJ 5.5.4; τὰ δ. σώματα Plu. 2.87c, cf. 128e, Luc. So 3, etc.; but,
2. in Trag. and Com. always trans. (cf. Ammon. 42, Moer. 127), τὰς.. ἐλπίδας διέφθορεν S. El. 306; τὰς φρένας διέφθορε.. μοναρχία E. Hipp. 1014; τὸν λόγον δ. Cratin. 292, cf. Eup. l.c., Pherecr. 145.15, Ar. Fr. 490, Men. 3. aor. διέφθειρα intr., became corrupt, LXX Jd. 2.19.
δια -φθείρω ,
[in LXX chiefly for H7843 hi.;]
1. to destroy utterly: Luke 12:33, Revelation 11:18; pass., to be destroyed, disabled: Revelation 8:9, 2 Corinthians 4:16.
2. In moral sense, to corrupt, deprave: τ . γῆν , Revelation 11:18; pass., διεφθαρ μένοι τ . νοῦν , 1 Timothy 6:5.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
διαφθείρω, as befits a perfective compound, denotes usually a completed process of damage. It is used for the death of animals, as P Strass I. 24.51 (A.D. 118) καὶ διεϕ ̣[θά ]ρησ ̣(αν) μετὰ Φαῶ (φι) αἶγ (ες) α ̣̄, P Oxy I. 74.14 (A.D. 116—registration of sheep) ἐξ ὧν διεφθάρη πρ (όβατα) ἕξ, ἄρνας δύο, and so P Amh II. 73.6 (A.D. 129–130); P Lond 309.8 (A.D. 146) (= II. P. 73) διεφθάρη μετὰ τὴν ἐξαρίθ (μησιν) κάμηλος [α ̄], P Oxy VI. 938.4 (iii/iv A.D.) ὡς ἐκ τούτου κινδυνεύειν τὰ κτήνη διαφθαρῆναι, ";with the result that the oxen are in danger of destruction"; (Edd.). BGU IV. 1109.11 (B.C. 5), a contract with a wet-nurse, is made διὰ τὸ τῆς Καλλιτύχης ἐν ἀσθενείᾳ διατεθείσης διεφθάρθαι τὸ ταύτης γάλα. Vettius Valens uses it thrice of abortion. Passing to inanimate things, we find the verb used in a British Museum papyrus, P Lond Inv No. 1885ii. (A.D. 114–5), with reference to public records, and strikingly illustrating the carelessness with which these were sometimes kept—συνέβη. . . ἃ μὲ [ν ] (i.e. τῶν βιβλίων) μὴ σώ [ζ ]εσθαι π [ο ]λλο χρόνο διαφθαρέντα, ἃ [δὲ ] καὶ ἀ ̣π ̣[ὸ ] μέρους διεφθάρθ ̣[α ]ι, ἔνια δὲ κεφαλόβροτα γεγονέναι διὰ τὸ τοὺς τ [ό ]πους καυσώδις εἶναι : see H. I. Bell in Archiv vi. p. 101. In P Oxy I. 95.35 (A.D. 129) it is used in connexion with the failure of a contract, ἣν ἐὰν συμβῇ παραπεσῖν ἢ ἄλλως πῶς διαφθαρ [ῆ ]ν ̣α ̣ι ̣, ";if the terms of it should be broken or it in any other way be rendered invalid"; (Edd.). Syll 540.33 (B.C. 175–1), the ";breaking"; of a stone—ἐάν τινα ὑγιῆ λίθον διαφθείρηι κατὰ τὴν ἐργασίαν ὁ τῆς θέσεως ἐργώνης.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
the Sixth Week after Easter