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Bible Lexicons
Old Testament Hebrew Lexical Dictionary Hebrew Lexicon
Strong's #5221 - נָכָה
- Brown-Driver-Briggs
- Strong
- to strike, smite, hit, beat, slay, kill
- 1a)(Niphal) to be stricken or smitten
- (Pual) to be stricken or smitten
- (Hiphil)
- to smite, strike, beat, scourge, clap, applaud, give a thrust
- to smite, kill, slay (man or beast)
- to smite, attack, attack and destroy, conquer, subjugate, ravage
- to smite, chastise, send judgment upon, punish, destroy
- (Hophal) to be smitten
- to receive a blow
- to be wounded
- to be beaten
- to be (fatally) smitten, be killed, be slain
- to be attacked and captured
- to be smitten (with disease)
- to be blighted (of plants)
- Book
- Word
did not use
this Strong's Number
1310) kn (נכ NK) AC: Crush CO: Spice AB: ?: The pictograph n is a picture of a seed, the k is a picture of the palm of the hand. Combined these mean "seed in the palm". Seeds of certain plants were placed in the palm and rubbed with the thumb to a powdery spice.
A) kn (נכ NK) AC: Crush CO: Spice AB: ?
Nf3 ) tfkn (נכות NKWT) - Treasure: Treasured items such as spices. KJV (2): precious - Strongs: H5238 (נְכֹת)
af1) eknm (מנכה MNKH) - Crushed: A crushing by beating or plagues. [df: hkm] KJV (48): wound, slaughter, plague, beaten, stripe, stroke, blow, smote, sore wounded - Strongs: H4347 (מַכֶּה)
B) kkn (נככ NKK) AC: ? CO: Sweet AB: ?: The sweet smell of spices.
bcm) kfkin (ניכוכ NYKWK) - Sweet: Something that smells sweet. [Hebrew and Aramaic] [df: xwxyn xwxn] KJV (45): sweet, fruit - Strongs: H5207 (נִיחוֹחַ), H5208 (נִיחֹחַ)
C) kna (אנכ ANK) AC: ? CO: Pestle AB: ?: A mortar and pestle are also used to crush spices.
Nm) kna (אנכ ANK) - Plumbline: A stone in the shape of a pestle used for centering. KJV (4): plumbline - Strongs: H594 (אֲנָךְ)
E) akn (נכא NKA) AC: Crush CO: Spice AB: ?: The crushing of seeds for making spices.
V) akn (נכא NKA) - Crush: KJV (1): (vf: Niphal) viler - Strongs: H5217 (נָכָא)
Nm) akn (נכא NKA) - Crushed: KJV (4): broken, stricken, wounded - Strongs: H5218 (נָכָא)
cf2) tafkn (נכואת NKWAT) - Spice: KJV (2): spicery, spice - Strongs: H5219 (נְכֹאת)
H) ekn (נכה NKH) AC: Crush CO: ? AB: ?
V) ekn (נכה NKH) - Crush: KJV (500): (vf: Niphal, Hiphil, Hophal, Pual) smite, slay, kill, beat, slaughter, strike, give, wound, stripe - Strongs: H5221 (נָכָה)
Nm) ekn (נכה NKH) - Crushed: One who has been crushed or one who is lame. KJV (4): abject, lame, contrite - Strongs: H5222 (נֵכֶה), H5223 (נָכֶה)
J) kfn (נוכ NWK) AC: ? CO: Pestle AB: ?: The rounded point of the pestle used to crush seeds into spices. Also the rounded point of the ear.
im) kfnt (תנוכ TNWK) - Point: KJV (8): tip - Strongs: H8571 (תְּנוּךְ)
Jeff Benner, Ancient Hebrew Research Center Used by permission of the author.
Qal) (Late Hebrew Hiph`il id.; Perfect 3 plural הכו SI4, Infinitive [ת]להכ ib. 2; Syriac , laesit, nocuit, repugnavit; Aph`el laesit, vulneravit; Ethiopic laesit, nocuit; compare Arabic be defeated, the inflicting of injury on an enemy Lane3038); —
Niph`al Perfect וְנִכָּה וָמֵת consecutive 2 Samuel 11:15 and he shall be smitten [struck by weapon in battle] and die.
Pu`al Perfect 3 feminine singular נֻכָּ֑תָה Exodus 9:31; 3 plural נֻכּוּ Exodus 9:32 (J), both be smitten down by the hail.
Hiph`il482 Perfect 3 masculine singular הִכָּה Exodus 9:25 +; suffix וְהִכַּ֫נִי consecutive Genesis 32:12, הִכָּם Jeremiah 5:6; 2 masculine singular הִכִּ֫יתָ Exodus 17:5 +; 1 singular הִכֵּיתִי Judges 15:16 +, וְהִכֵּתִ֫י Exodus 3:20 +; 3 plural הִכּוּ Genesis 19:11 +; 2 masculine plural הִכִּיתֶם Jeremiah 37:10 3t. consecutive; etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַכֶּה Exodus 21:20 +, יַךְ Hosea 6:1 (but read וַיַּךְ We Now GASm); וְיַח Hosea 14:6 (see below); וַיַּכֶּה Joshua 10:40 +, usually וַיַּךְ Exodus 2:12 +; suffix 2 masculine singular יַכֶּ֫כָּה Jeremiah 40:15 2t., 3 masculine singular וַיַּכּוֺ 2 Samuel 14:6 (but read וַיַּךְᵐ5. ᵑ6ᵑ9 Th We Dr Klo Kit Bu HPS), יַכֶּ֫נּוּ 1 Samuel 17:25 2t.; usually וַיַּכֵּ֫הוּ Numbers 21:24 +; 3 feminine singular וַתַּךְ Jonah 4:7,8; 2 masculine singular תַּכֶּה Exodus 2:13 +; suffix 3 masculine singular תַּכֶּ֫נּוּ Proverbs 23:13,14; 1 singular אַכֶּה 1 Samuel 18:11 +; וָאַכֶּה Nehemiah 13:25, וָאַךְ Exodus 9:15; 3 masculine plural יַכוּ Micah 4:14; usually וַיַּכּוּ Genesis 14:5 + ( 1 Samuel 4:2 read probably
Hoph`al q. v.); 1 plural נַכֶּהֿ Numbers 22:6; וַנַךְ Deuteronomy 2:33, etc.; Imperative הַכֵּה Ezekiel 6:11, הַךְ Amos 9:1 +; masculine plural הַכּוּ 2 Samuel 13:28, etc.; Infinitive absolute הַכֵּה Deuteronomy 3:16 +, הַכּוֺת 2 Kings 3:24 (Ges§ 75ff); cstr. הַכּוֺת Genesis 4:15 +, etc.; Participle מַכֶּה Exodus 2:11 +; construct מַכֵּה Exodus 21:12 +; plural מַכִּים 1 Samuel 4:8 +, etc.; —
1. a. literally, smite (with a single, non-fatal, blow), strike, followed by accusative, ass Numbers 22:23,25,27 (בְּמַקֵּל), Numbers 22:28; Numbers 22:32 (all J); man Exodus 21:15,19 (E); cheeks Job 16:10; man (on) cheek (2accusative) Lamentations 3:30; Psalm 3:8; man עַללְֿחִי Micah 4:14 (ב instrumental), 1 Kings 22:24 2 Chronicles 18:23; eye Exodus 21:26 (E); שֵׁבֶט מַכֵּךְ Isaiah 14:29 (figurative of conqueror); with (בׅ stone or fist Exodus 21:18 (E), compare (figurative) Isaiah 58:4 (absolute); smite lion or bear 1 Samuel 17:35; strike river (with rod מַטֶּה) 1 Samuel 7:17 (with עַל object, + ב instrumental), 1 Samuel 7:20; Exodus 17:5 (E; ב instrumental), also (with mantle) 2 Kings 2:8,14 (twice in verse), compare ׳י smiting Euphrates into (לׅ seven streams Isaiah 11:15; dust Exodus 8:12; Exodus 8:13 (P); rock Exodus 17:6 (E), Numbers 20:11 (P; ב instrumental), Psalm 78:20; figurative smite earth בְּשֵׁבֶט מִּיו Isaiah 11:4 (of future Davidic king); strike on ground (אַ֫רְצָה; with arrows) 2 Kings 13:18, also (absolute) 2 Kings 13:18; 2 Kings 13:19; strike weapons out of (מִן) hands, Ezekiel 39:3 (׳י; figurative of making powerless); lintel of door Amos 9:1; barley-loaf strikes tent Judges 7:13 (in dream); in figure of regret, remorse וַיַּךְ לֵב דָּוִד אֹתוֺ 2 Samuel 24:10 and David's heart smote him, Song of Solomon 1Samuel 24:6 (+ עַלאֲֿשֶׁר because); of goat smiting (butting with horn) the ram, so as to break its horns Daniel 8:7 (in vision); smite = hit with missile, sling-stone 1 Samuel 17:49 (with accusative of person + אֶלמִֿצְחוֺ), compare 2 Kings 3:25 (but text perhaps corrupt, see Benz); arrow, 1 Kings 22:34 2 Chronicles 18:33 (with accusative of person + בֵּין), 2 Kings 9:24 (c. id.); of piercing, הַכּוֺתבַּחֲנִית בְּדָוִד וּבַקִּיר 1 Samuel 19:10 smite with the dart into David and into the wall, pin David to the wall, בַּקִּיר׳וַיַּךְ אֶתהַֿח 1 Samuel 19:10, compare 1 Samuel 18:11, אַכֶּנּוּ בַחֲנִית וּבָאָרֶץ 1 Samuel 26:8.
b. smite repeatedly, beat, a man Exodus 2:11,13 (E), Exodus 5:16 (J), Nehemiah 13:25 (מִן partitive), compare Deuteronomy 25:11; here probably also 1 Kings 20:35 (twice in verse); 1 Kings 20:37 (twice in verse) (הַכֵּה וּפָצֹעַ beating and bruising him); of Assyria under figure of taskmaster Isaiah 10:24; beat a woman so as to bruise her (מָּצַע) Song of Solomon 5:7; beat by authority, scourge Jeremiah 20:2; Jeremiah 37:15; Deuteronomy 25:2,3(with accusative of person + accusative of congnate meaning with verb מַכָּה רַבָּה), Deuteronomy 25:3 compare כִּן הַכּוֺת Deuteronomy 25:2i.e. worthy of scourging, bastinado, (compare Dr); 2 Chronicles 25:16; Proverbs 17:10; Proverbs 19:25; Proverbs 23:13,14 (ב instrumental); compare גֵּוִי נָחַתִּי לְמַכִּים Isaiah 50:6; of hail, beat down herbage etc. Exodus 9:25 (twice in verse) (compare Pu`al).
c.וַיַּכּוּ כַף 2 Kings 11:12 and they clapped hands (in applause); elsewhere only Ezekiel , in mockery; כַּף אֶלכַּֿף Ezekiel 21:19; Ezekiel 21:22; בְּכַמְּךָ Ezekiel 6:11 ("" רְקַּע בְּרַגְלְךָ; accusative כַּמִּי Ezekiel 22:13.
d. give a thrust (with fork) into (ב) pot 1 Samuel 2:14; strike roots Hosea 14:6 (in figurative, but וַיֵּלְכוּ We Now).
e. rarely smite (in battle) so as (merely) to wound 1 Kings 8:28, so (+ accusative of congnate meaning with verb מַכָּה) 1 Kings 8:29; 1 Kings 9:18 2 Chronicles 22:6; figurative of ׳י s wounding Israel Hosea 6:1 (opposed to חָבַשׁ bind up), Jeremiah 30:14 (with accusative of congnate meaning with verb). compare smite with (ב) the tongue Jeremiah 18:18.
f. smite, of sun, etc., with accusative of person Isaiah 49:10; Psalm 121:6; with עַל Jonah 4:8.
2 Smite fatally:
a. (subject man) smite, with accusative, + word of killing (dying): — object lion and bear 1 Samuel 17:35; man Exodus 21:12,20 (E), Joshua 10:26 (JE), Joshua 11:17 (D), 1 Samuel 17:50; 2 Samuel 1:15; 2 Samuel 2:31 (מִן partitive + ב among), 2 Samuel 4:7; 2 Samuel 14:6; 2 Samuel 18:15; 2 Samuel 21:17; 1 Kings 16:10; 2 Kings 12:22; 2 Kings 15:30; 2 Kings 25:21 = Jeremiah 52:27; 2 Kings 25:25; Jeremiah 41:2; Numbers 35:16,17,18,21 (P; all with ב instrumental); with accusative + אֶלחֹֿמֶשׁ + ב instrumental 2 Samuel 2:23 smote him (fatally) in the belly with (on text see HPS), 2 Samuel 20:10, compare 2 Samuel 3:27; 2 Samuel 4:6 (but strike out ᵐ5 Ew Th We Dr Bu HPS); וְהִכָּהוּ נֶפֶשׁ Deuteronomy 19:11 and he smite him in his life (mortally), and he die, compare (without word of dying) Deuteronomy 19:6; Genesis 37:21 (J), Jeremiah 40:14,15 [otherwise Leviticus 24:17; Leviticus 24:18; Numbers 35:11; Numbers 35:15; Numbers 35:30; Deuteronomy 27:35; Joshua 20:3,9]; with prolepsis לְהַכּוֺת חֲלָלִים smite the slain Judges 20:31,39; + אַ֫רְצָה smite to the ground i.e. kill 2 Samuel 2:22; 2 Samuel 18:11.
b. smite, of worm gnawing or boring so as to kill plant Jonah 4:7.
c. very often = kill, slay, man or beast (c. 150t.): Genesis 4:15; Genesis 8:21 (exterminate; both J), Exodus 2:12; Numbers 21:35 (E), Joshua 7:5 (מִן partitive), Joshua 7:5 (JE), Deuteronomy 19:6; Deuteronomy 21:1; Deuteronomy 27:24,25; Joshua 11:10 (ב instrumental; all D), Leviticus 24:17,18,21 (twice in verse) (H), Numbers 35:11,15,21,24,30; Joshua 9:18; Joshua 20:3,9 (all P), Judges 15:16; 1 Samuel 17:9 (twice in verse); 1 Samuel 17:36; 2 Samuel 12:9 (ב instrumental), 2 Kings 9:7 (exterminate), etc.; with ב among 1 Samuel 23:5, מִן partitive Judges 14:19; Judges 20:45; with ב partitive slay at, work slaughter among 2 Samuel 23:10 (insert also in "" 1 Chronicles 11:13 see Be on the passage Dr 2 Samuel 23:10), but also ב of direct object 1 Samuel 18:7; 1 Samuel 21:12; 1 Samuel 29:5; subject lion 1 Kings 20:36 (twice in verse) compare Jeremiah 5:6 (figurative of judgment); ׳י subject 1 Samuel 6:19b (ב among, + accusative of congnate meaning with verb; 1 Samuel 6:19 a וַיַּךְ corrupt see ᵐ5 Th We Dr Kl Kit Bu HPS); slay firstborn Exodus 12:2 (J), Exodus 12:29; Numbers 3:13; Numbers 8:17; Numbers 33:4 (all P), Psalm 78:51; Psalm 105:36; Psalm 135:8; God slays for (עַל) sin 2 Samuel 6:7 = 1 Chronicles 13:10 (עַלאֲֿשֶׁר); slay לְפִיחֶֿרֶב Deuteronomy 13:16; Deuteronomy 20:13; Joshua 11:11,12,14 (all D), Judges 18:27; Judges 21:10; 1 Samuel 22:9; 2 Kings 10:25; Jeremiah 21:7; Job 1:15,17; kill, slay, with accusative of congnate meaning with verb (מַכָּה) 1 Samuel 14:14; 1 Kings 20:21 (ב among), 2 Chronicles 13:17 (בָּהֶם), 2 Chronicles 25:13 (מֵהֶם); with accusative of person + accusative of congnate meaning with verb Joshua 10:20 (JE), Esther 9:5, etc.; kill unwittingly, unintentionally הִכָּה בִבְלִי דַ֫עַת Deuteronomy 19:4; Joshua 20:5 (both D).
3 Smite = attack, attack and destroy a company Genesis 32:9,12; Genesis 34:30; Joshua 8:21; Judges 8:11; Judges 9:43; 2 Kings 8:21; 2 Chronicles 21:9; attack and capture a city Judges 1:8 Judges 1:12 = Joshua 15:16 (JE), Joshua 7:3; Joshua 10:4 (JE), 1 Samuel 30:1; 1 Kings 15:20 2 Chronicles 16:4; 2 Kings 15:16 (twice in verse); 1 Chronicles 20:1; 2 Chronicles 14:13; Jeremiah 47:1; tents 1 Chronicles 4:41; 2 Chronicles 14:14; = sack a city לְפִיחֶֿרֶב (slaying inhabitants), Joshua 8:24; Joshua 19:47 (both J E), Joshua 10:28,30,32,35,37 compare Joshua 10:39 (all D), Judges 1:25; Judges 20:37; 2 Samuel 15:14; especially defeat king or army (involving often overthrow, pursuit and slaughter), — approximately 95t., — Genesis 14:5,15,17; Numbers 14:45; Numbers 21:24 (JE), Joshua 8:12; Joshua 10:10 (+ accusative of congnate meaning with verb), Joshua 10:10 (עַד location), Joshua 11:8 (twice in verse) (all J E), Deuteronomy 1:4; Deuteronomy 2:33; Deuteronomy 3:3; Deuteronomy 4:46; Deuteronomy 7:2; Deuteronomy 29:6; Joshua 10:33,40 (מִןו֯עד location), Joshua 12:1,6,12; Joshua 13:12 (all D); Judges 1:5,17; 1 Samuel 11:11 (עד temporal), 1 Kings 13:17 (עַדכַּֿלֵּה), 2 Kings 3:24 a + 2 Kings 3:24 b (where read וַיָּבֹאוּ בוֺא וְהַכּוֺת and they went on defeating), Isaiah 10:20; Jeremiah 37:10, etc.; insert וַיַּךְ or הִכָּה in 2 Samuel 8:13 Th Ke Kit Bu compare Dr, after ᵐ5; with ב object 1 Samuel 14:31; 1 Samuel 23:2 (twice in verse) (ה locative — מִן); + לְפִי חֶרֶב Judges 20:48, etc.; of gods causing defeat 2 Chronicles 28:23; smite land = conquer, subjugate, sometimes ravage, Genesis 14:7; Joshua 10:40 (D), 1 Samuel 27:9; Jeremiah 43:11; Jeremiah 46:13, compare Isaiah 14:6 (accusative of congnate meaning with verb); subject ׳י Numbers 32:4 (P); of ׳י smiting sea וְהִכָּה בַיָּם גַּלִּים Zechariah 10:11 (Bev JPhoenician xviii. 35 (1889), 88 proposes גבלים).
4 Of God,
a. smite with (ב) a plague, disease, etc.: — blindness Genesis 19:11 (J), 2 Kings 6:18 (twice in verse) compare Zechariah 12:4 (twice in verse) (symbolic); of Egyptian plagues Exodus 3:20; Exodus 9:15 (both J), 1 Samuel 4:8, without ב Exodus 7:25 (J), Exodus 12:13 (P), Psalm 136:10 (accusative + בִּבְכוֺרֵיהֶם); other plagues Numbers 14:12 (JE), Deuteronomy 28:22,27,28,35; 1 Samuel 5:6; 2 Samuel 24:17; Job 2:7; Amos 4:9; Haggai 2:17; Malachi 3:24; without ב, 1 Samuel 5:9; 2 Kings 19:35 = Isaiah 37:26; Numbers 11:33 (J E; בָּעָם + accusative of congnate meaning with verb); smite vines with (ב) blight Psalm 105:33.
b. smite = chastise, or send judgment upon, usually with accusative, 1 Kings 14:15; 1 Chronicles 21:7; Isaiah 5:25; Isaiah 9:12; Isaiah 27:7 (הַכְּמַכַּת מַכֵּהוּ הִכָּהוּ), Isaiah 30:31 (ב instrumental) Isaiah 57:17; Isaiah 60:10 (opposed to רִחַם) Jeremiah 2:30; Jeremiah 5:3; Jeremiah 14:9; Ezekiel 32:15 (ᵐ5 Co זֵרָה scatter); with עִל punish for, (sin) Leviticus 26:24 (H).
c. of God's destroying palaces Amos 3:15; Amos 6:11 (2accusative), compare Zechariah 9:4.
Hoph`al Perfect הֻכָּה Hosea 9:16; Numbers 25:14, הוּכָּה Psalm 102:5; וְהֻכָּה consecutive Exodus 22:1; 3 feminine singular הֻכְּתָה Ezekiel 33:21; Ezekiel 40:1; 1 singular הֻכֵּ֫יתִי Zechariah 13:6; 3 pluralהֻכּוּ 1 Samuel 5:12; Imperfect 3 masculine plural וַיֻּכּוּ Exodus 5:14; 2 masculine plural תֻּכּוּ Isaiah 1:5; Participle מֻכֶּה Numbers 25:14, construct מֻכֵּה Isaiah 53:4; feminine מֻכָּה Numbers 25:15,18; plural מֻכִּים Exodus 5:16, construct מֻכֵּיֿ Jeremiah 18:21; — be smitten:
1 = receive a blow Isaiah 1:5 (Judah under figure of man).
2 be wounded Zechariah 13:6.
3 be beaten Exodus 5:14,16 (J).
4 be (fatally) smitten + verb of dying Exodus 22:1 (E); be killed, slain Numbers 25:14 (twice in verse); Numbers 25:15,18 (with עַל, for), מֻכֵּיחֶֿרֶב Jeremiah 18:21 ("" הֲרֻגֵי מָ֑וֶת); so also (absolute) probably 1 Samuel 4:2 (read וַיֻּכּוּᵐ5 ᵑ6ᵑ9 Th Dr Klo Kit, for ᵑ0וַיַּכּוּ).
5 be attacked and captured, of city Ezekiel 33:21; Ezekiel 40:1.
6 be smitten with disease (by God) 1 Samuel 5:12; absolute, of ׳י s servant Isaiah 53:4.
7 be blighted, of plant (in figurative) Hosea 9:16 (Ehpraimitic source), Psalm 102:5 (heart, כָּעֵשֶׂב; both + יָבַשׁ).
נָכָה a root not used in Kal, to smite, to strike. (Arab. and Eth. نكى, نكأ, ነከየ፡ id., but rarely used, mostly in the sense of hurting. Cognate are נָכָא, נָגַע, נָגַח, and in the Indo-Germanic languages, ico-ĕre.)
Niphal, pass. of Hiphil, to be smitten, slain; once found 2 Samuel 11:15.
Piel, unused; for as to the word which some have referred as the inf. Piel, נַכֶּה Numbers 22:6, it is (as elsewhere, Joshua 10:4) 1 pl. fut. Hiphil, and the whole passage is to be thus explained, אוּלַי אוּכַל נַכֶּה־בּוֹ וַאֲגָֽרְשֶׁנּוּ “perhaps I shall be able to effect, that we may smite them (Israel), and I may drive them out.” The verb יָכֹל, like the Arab. قدر, استطاع, is in this place construed with a finite verb, like Esther 8:6. The plural נַכֶּה was well explained by Sal. b. Melech, “I and my people; or I (Balak) in war, thou (Balaam) by curses.”
Pual, pass. to be smitten, Exodus 9:31, 32 of far more frequent use is Hophal, which see.
Hiphil הִכָּה, imp. הַכֵּה and הַךְ, fut. יַכֶּה, וַיַּכֶּה and וַיַּךְ
(1) to smite, to strike (Gr. πλήσσω), e.g. any one with a rod, Exodus 2:11, 13 Deuteronomy 25:3 for the sake of correction, Jeremiah 2:30; Nehemiah 13:25 water, Exodus 8:13 a rock, Psalms 78:20 any one’s cheek, (to buffet), Job 16:10 also with a stone (mit dem Steine treffen), 1 Samuel 17:49, 50 1 Samuel 17:50 with an arrow, 1 Kings 22:34; 2 Kings 9:24 with a horn, Daniel 8:7 (ftoßen). A singular use is הִכָּה שָׁרָשִׁים to strike roots, Germ. Wurzeln fchlagen, fchießen; pr. to send forth into the ground. Followed by מִן of pers. to strike out any thing from any one, Ezekiel 39:3 an eye, Exodus 21:26.
Specially
(a) הִכָּה כַף to strike the hand, 2 Kings 11:12; Ezekiel 22:13 and הִכָּה בְכַף to strike with the hand, Ezekiel 6:11 fully הִכָּה כַף אֶל כַּף Ezekiel 21:19, 22 Ezekiel 21:22 to clap the hands, sometimes as a sign of rejoicing, 2 Ki. loc. cit.; sometimes of indignation, Ezekiel 22:13 and of lamentation, Ezekiel 6:11, 21:19.
(b) 1 Samuel 24:6, וַיַּךְ לֵב־דָּוִיד אֹתוֹ “and the heart of David smote him,” i.e. palpitated most vehemently and struck his internal breast; compare Æsch. Prom. 887; κραδία φόβῳ φρένα λακτίζει.
(c) God, or a messenger from him, is often said to smite a person, or a people, or a country with a disease or plague, i.e. to inflict a plague upon it (compare גָגַע, נָגַף); e.g. הִכָּה בַסַּנְוֵרִים to smite with blindness, Genesis 19:11 a pestilence, Numbers 14:12 hæmorrhoids, 1 Samuel 5:6 compare 2 Kings 6:18; Zechariah 12:4 and in like manner, to smite a land with destruction, Mal. 3:24 also absol. Exodus 7:25, “after Jehovah had smitten the river,” i.e. had turned it to blood; compare verse 20 Zechariah 10:11; Isaiah 11:15.
(d) to smite enemies, i.e. to conquer, to put to flight, Genesis 14:5 Deuter. 4:46 Joshua 12:7; 1 Samuel 13:4, 17:9.
(e) to smite a besieged city, i.e. to take it, 1 Chronicles 20:1; 2 Kings 3:19.
(2) In a stronger sense.
(a) to smite in pieces, to break in pieces (zerfchlagen); e.g. a house, Amos 3:15, 6:11. Psalms 3:8, “thou hast broken in pieces the jaw bone of all my enemies,” an image taken from beasts of prey.
(b) to pierce through, to pierce into, to transfix, e.g. with a spear, 1 Samuel 18:11, 19:10 26:8 2 Samuel 2:23, 3:27 4:6 20:10 with a flesh-hook, 1 Samuel 2:14 with a sword (הִכָּה לְפִי חֶרֶב, see חֶרֶב ); hence
(c) to kill, to slay, Genesis 4:15; Exodus 2:12 sometimes with the addition of the word נֶפֶשׁ as to life. Genesis 37:21, לֹא נַכֶּנּוּ נָֽפֶשׁ prop. “let us not smite him as to life,” so that he may lose his life; i.e. “let us not kill him,” Deuteronomy 19:6, 11 Deuteronomy 19:11. Levit. 24:18. Followed by בְּ partitive, to kill, to slay some of them. 2 Samuel 23:10, וַיַּךְ בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּים “and he slew (some) of the Philistines,” 2 Samuel 24:17; Ezekiel 9:7; 2 Chronicles 28:5, 17 2 Chronicles 28:17 especially 1 Samuel 6:19. Different is the passage, 1 Samuel 18:7, הִכָּה שָׁאוּל בַּאְלָפָּיו “Saul has slain his thousands,” 1 Samuel 21:12, 29:5. It is even used of wild beasts ravening, 1 Kings 20:36; Jeremiah 5:6.
(3) in a lighter sense, to touch, to blast (compare Arab. ضرب) e.g. a plant with worms, Jonah 4:7 used of the sun and moon smiting persons, Jonah 4:8; Psalms 121:6 (where the cold of the night appears to be attributed to the moon, as the heat of the day is to the sun; compare Genesis 31:40; Hosea 9:16).
Hophal הֻכָּה, once הוּכָּה Psalms 102:5.
(1) pass. of Hiph. No. 1, to be smitten
(a) to be beaten, Numbers 25:14; Exodus 5:16.
(b) to be smitten by God, smitten with a plague, 1 Samuel 5:12; Isaiah 1:5, 53:4.
(c) to be taken as a city, Ezekiel 33:21, 40:1.
(2) to be slain, killed, Jeremiah 18:21.
(3) to be touched, hurt by the sun or wind, Psalms 102:5; Hosea 9:16.
Hence מַכָּה, and the two following nouns.