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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary
Strong's #264 - ἁμαρτάνω
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ἁμαρτάνω [ ᾰμ.. ᾰν ]: fut. ἁμαρτήσομαι Od. 9.512, Th. 4.55, etc.; later -ήσω Matthew 18:21, D.C. 59.20, Gal. 7.653, (δι-) Hp. Praec. 9, (ἐξ-) Id. Acut. (Sp.) 13: aor. 2 ἥμαρτον Thgn., Pi., Att.; ἤμβροτον, but only ind.; Aeol. 3 sg. ἄμβροτε Sapph. Supp. 1.5, inf. ἀμβρότην IG 12(2).1.15 (Mytilene); opt. ἁμάρτοιν (for ἁμάρτοιμι) Cratin. 55 (dub.): aor. 1 ἡμάρτησα Emp. 115.4 (dub.), AP 7.339 (Pall. or Luc.), D.S. 2.14: pf. ἡμάρτηκα Hdt. 9.79, Ar. Pl. 961, etc., Att.: — Pass., aor. ἡμαρτήθην Th. 2.65, X. Vect. 4.37: pf. ἡμάρτημαι S. OC 439, Antipho 5.77, etc.: plpf. ἡμάρτητο Th. 7.18, Lys. 31.20: —
1. miss the mark, esp. of spear thrown, abs., Il. 5.287, etc.; ἔρριψεν, οὐδ' ἥμαρτε A. Fr. 80: c. gen., φωτὸς ἁ. Il. 10.372; also τῶν μεγάλων ψυχῶν ἱεὶς οὐκ ἂν ἁμάρτοις S. Aj. 155; ἁ. τῆς ὁδοῦ miss road, Ar. Pl. 961; τοῦ σκοποῦ Antipho 3.4.5.
2. generally, fail of one's purpose, go wrong, abs., Od. 21.155, A. Ag. 1194, etc.: c. gen., οὔ τι νοήματος ἤμβροτεν ἐσθλοῦ Od. 7.292; μύθων ἡμάρτανε failed of good speech, 11.511; γνώμης, ἐλπίδων, βουλήσεως ἁ., Hdt. 1.207, E. Med. 498, Th. 1.33, 92; ἁ. τοῦ χρησμοῦ mistake it, Hdt. 1.71: c. acc., ἁ. τὸ ἀληθές Hdt. 7.139 (codd., τἀληθέος Schäfer).
3. fail of having, be deprived of, mostly c. gen., χειρῶν ἐξ Ὀδυσῆος ἁμαρτήσεσθαι ὀπωπῆς that I should lose my sight by Ulysses' hands, Od. 9.512; τοῦ ῥυσίου θ' ἥμαρτε A. Ag. 535; ἁ. πιστῆς ἀλόχου E. Alc. 879, cf. 144: — once with neut. Adj., οὐ γὰρ εἰκὸς.. ἐμὲ ὑμῶν ἁμαρτεῖν τοῦτό γ' 'tis not seemly that I should ask this of you in vain, S. Ph. 231: — rare in Prose, ἡμάρτομεν τῆς Βοιωτίης Hdt. 9.7. β, cf. Th. 7.50; δυοῖν κακοῖν οὐκ ἦν ἁμαρτεῖν (i.e. either one or the other) And. 1.20, cf. S. El. 1320: — so μηδὲ δυοῖν φθάσαι ἁμάρτωσιν, ἢ.. ἢ.. fail to be before-hand in one of two things, Th. 1.33.
4. rarely, fail to do, neglect, φίλων ἡμάρτανε δώρων Il. 24.68; ξυμμαχίας ἁμαρτών A. Ag. 213. II abs.,
1. do wrong, err, sin, Il. 9.501, Semon. 7.111, A. Pr. 262, S. El. 1207, etc.; ἄκοντες ἡμαρτάνομεν Pl. R. 336e, cf. 340e, etc.: — c. part., ἥμαρτε χρηστὰ μωμένη S. Tr. 1136; πρόθυμος ὢν ἥμαρτες E. Or. 1630, cf. Antipho 2.2.1: c. dat. rei, ἁ. ῥήματι Pl. Grg. 489b; ἐν λόγοις Id. R. 396a; τοιαῦθ' ἁμαρτάνουσιν ἐν λόγοις ἔπη S. Aj. 1096: — with cognate acc., ἁμαρτίαν ἁ. S. Ph. 1249, E. Hipp. 320: with neut. Adj. or Pron., αὐτὸς ἐγὼ τόδε γ' ἤμβροτον I erred in this, Od. 22.154; πόλλ' ἁμαρτών A. Supp. 915; ἀνθρώπινα X. Cyr. 3.1.40: in Prose more freq. ἁ. περί τινος or τι do wrong in a matter, Pl. Lg. 891e, Phdr. 242e; ἐπί τινι Antipho 5.91 (codd.); ἁ. εἴς τινα sin against.., Hdt. 1.138, S. OC 968; ἐπὶ τὴν ἔλλειψιν, ἐπὶ τὸ πλεῖον, Arist. EN 1126b1, 1118b16; περί τινα Antipho 3.2.7; τινί LXX Jd. 10.10.
2. Pass., ἡμαρτήθη ὁ ἐς Σικελίαν πλοῦς Th. 2.65, etc.: in pf. part., τἀμὰ δ' ἡμαρτημένα my plans are frustrate, S. OT 621; τῶν περὶ τὰ τοιαῦτα ἐς τὰ θεῖα ἁμαρτανομένων Pl. Lg. 759c; ἀπειρίἁ αὐτὸ μᾶλλον ἢ ἀδικία ἡμαρτῆσθαι Antipho 5.5: — τὰ ἡμαρτημένα, τὰ ἁμαρτηθέντα, S. OC 439, 1269, X. An. 5.8.20.
3. ἁμαρτανόμενος, as Adj., wrong, mistaken, Pl. Phlb. 37d, al.; αἱ ἡμαρτημέναι πολιτεῖαι Id. R. 449a, Arist. Pol. 1275b1, 1301a36; and of persons, ἡμαρτημένοι mistaken, Id. EN 1125a19.
ἁμαρτάνω
(pres. formed from aor. ἁμαρτεῖν ),
[in LXX for H2398, also for H816, H7561, etc.;]
1. to miss the mark (Hom., Æsch., al.), hence metaph. (Hom., al.), to err, do wrong.
2. In LXX and NT, to violate God's law, to sin (for non-Christian exx., v. MM, VGT, s.v.): absol., Matthew 18:25; Matthew 27:4, Luke 17:3, John 5:14; John 8:11; John 9:2-3 Romans 2:12; Romans 3:23; Romans 5:12; Romans 5:14; Romans 5:16; Romans 6:15, 1 Corinthians 7:28; 1 Corinthians 7:36; 1 Corinthians 15:34, Ephesians 4:26, 1 Timothy 5:20, Titus 3:11, Hebrews 3:17; Hebrews 10:26, 1 Peter 2:20, 2 Peter 2:4; 2 Peter 2:4 1 John 1:10; 1 John 2:1; 1 John 3:6-9; 1 John 5:18; c. cogn. acc, ἁ . ἁμαρτίαν (cf. Exodus 32:30, H2401 H2398), 1 John 5:16; seq. εἰς , Matthew 18:21, Luke 15:18; Luke 15:21; Luke 17:4, Acts 25:8 (καίσαρα ). 1 Corinthians 6:18; 1 Corinthians 8:12 (Field, Notes, 173); ἐνώπιον , Luke 15:18; Luke 15:21; πρὸς θάνατον (cf. Numbers 18:22, H4191 H2399), 1 John 5:16 (Cremer, 98, 633).†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
It will be convenient to give (non-Christian) citations for this important word fully. In a private letter of the time of Augustus the writer complains—ἐγὼ μὲν οὐ δοκῶι ἄξιος εἶναι ὑβρίζεσθαι . . . οὐδὲ γὰρ ἡμάρτηκά τι εἰς σέ (cf. Acts 25:8, etc.), BGU IV. 1141.14 ff. : cf. l. 8 ἐν τῇ πρώτῃ μου ἐπιστολῇ οὐθὲν ἁμάρτημα ἔνει (l. ἔνι = ἔνεστι ). BGU III. 846 (i/A.D.) ( = Selections, p. 93, Documents, p. 259) is an illiterate appeal from Antonius Longus to his mother entreating her to be reconciled to him. He makes his daily prayer to Serapis for her, etc.—λ ̣οιπὸυ οἶδα τ ̣ι ̣ [ποτ᾽ αἰμαυτῷ παρέσχημαι , παιπαίδ ̣δευμαι καθ᾽ ὃν δῖ (l. δεῖ ) τρόπον . οἶδα ὅτι ἡμάρτηκα , ";furthermore I know what I have brought upon myself. Punished I have been as I ought. I know that I have sinned"; : cf. Luke 15:18; Luke 15:21. In the interesting rescript of an Emperor to the Jews, P Par 6850 ff., we read, καὶ γὰρ τ [οὺς εἰς ἡμᾶς ] ἁμαρτάνοντας δε [όντως κολάζεσθαι ] εἰκός . In P Oxy I. 34 iii. 4 (A.D. 127) a Roman prefect uses some strong language about infringement of his instructions regarding certain archives : ἄδειαν ἑαυτοῖς ὧν ἁμαρτάνουσι ἔσεσθ [α ]ι νομίζοντες , ";imagining that they will not be punished for their illegal acts"; (Edd.).
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
the Seventh Sunday after Easter