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Bible Lexicons
Old Testament Hebrew Lexical Dictionary Hebrew Lexicon
Strong's #6213 - עָשָׂה
- Brown-Driver-Briggs
- Strong
- to do, fashion, accomplish, make
- (Qal)
- to do, work, make, produce
- to do
- to work
- to deal (with)
- to act, act with effect, effect
- to make
- to make
- to produce
- to prepare
- to make (an offering)
- to attend to, put in order
- to observe, celebrate
- to acquire (property)
- to appoint, ordain, institute
- to bring about
- to use
- to spend, pass
- to do, work, make, produce
- (Niphal)
- to be done
- to be made
- to be produced
- to be offered
- to be observed
- to be used
- (Pual) to be made
- (Qal)
- (Piel) to press, squeeze
- Book
- Word
did not use
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1360) xo (אהס AhS) AC: Do CO: ? AB: ?
H) exo (אהסה AhSH) AC: Do CO: Work AB: ?: The making or doing of anything.
V) exo (אהסה AhSH) - Do: To do or make something. A generic verb with a wide application meaning to do something. [df: hVe] KJV (2633): (vf: Paal, Niphal, Pual, Piel) do, make, wrought, deal, commit, offer, execute, keep, show, prepare, work, get, dress, maker, maintain - Strongs: H6213 (עָשָׂה)
am ) exom (מאהסה MAhSH) - Work: A work or action. [df: hVem] KJV (235): work, acts, labour, doing, art, deed - Strongs: H4639 (מַעֲשֶׂה)
Jeff Benner, Ancient Hebrew Research Center Used by permission of the author.
Qal2524 Perfect 3 masculine singular Genesis 3:1 +, suffix עָשָׂהוּ Hosea 8:6 +; 3 feminine singular עָֽשְׂתָה Deuteronomy 22:21 +, וְעָשָׂת consecutive Leviticus 25:21; 2 masculine singular עָשִׂיתָ Genesis 3:14 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַעֲשֶׂה Genesis 18:25 +, וַיַּעֲשֶׂה 1 Kings 16:25 3t., וַיַּעַשׂ Isaiah 5:2 +; יַעֲשֵׂה Isaiah 64:3,2masculine singular תַּעֲשֶׂה 1 Samuel 10:8, תַּעֲשֵׂה Genesis 26:29; Joshua 7:9, jussive (with אַל) תַּעַשׂ Genesis 22:12 +, תַּעֲשֵׂה 2 Samuel 13:12; Jeremiah 40:16 Qr (Kt תַּעַשׂ); 1 singular אֶעֱשֶׂה Genesis 2:18 +, וָאֶעֱשֶׂה Ezekiel 20:14; Daniel 8:27, וָאַעַשׂ Deuteronomy 10:3 4t. Ezekiel; etc.; Imperative masculine singular עֲשֵׂה Judges 10:15 +; feminine singular עֲשִׂי Jeremiah 6:26 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute עָשׂה Jeremiah 44:17 +; עָשׂוֺ Jeremiah 7:5 2t. ( Jeremiah 4:18 van d. H. עָשׂוּ); construct עֲשׂוֺת Genesis 2:4 +, עֲשׂה Genesis 50:20 2t., עֲשׂוֺ Genesis 31:28, suffix עֲשׂתוֺ Genesis 41:32 +, עֲשׂהוּ Exodus 18:18, etc.; Participle active עשֶֹׁה Isaiah 5:5 +, suffix הָעשֹׁוֺ Job 40:19 (but see below); plural עשִֹׁים Genesis 24:49 +; suffix עשָֹׁ֑י Job 35:10 (yet see Ges§ 124 k), etc.; passive עָשׂוּי Exodus 3:16 +, הֶעָשׂוּ Job 41:25 (Ges§ 75k); feminine עֲשׂוּיָה Ezekiel 21:20 +, etc.; —
I:1. do (1560 + t.):
a. (1) with accusative active Genesis 3:14 (J) Genesis 20:10 (E) + often; do right in eyes of ׳י 2 Kings 12:3; 2 Kings 14:13 +, evil 2 Kings 8:18,27 + (compare I. עַיִן
3 c); do God's commands, statutes, etc., Deuteronomy 16:12; Deuteronomy 30:8; Numbers 15:39 (P); חַיִל׳ע 1 Samuel 14:48 + do might, i.e. mightily, valiantly; Proverbs 31:39 do efficiency, i.e. efficiently; = commit (offence) Leviticus 20:13 (H), Deuteronomy 20:18; followed by מִן particle, וְעָשָׂה מֵאַחַת מֵהֵנָּה Leviticus 4:2 and shall do a single one of them (things prohibited; see מִן 3 b ( d)), compare ׳וְעָשׂוּ אַחַת מִכָּלמִֿצְוֺת י Leviticus 4:13; Leviticus 4:22; Leviticus 5:17 (all P); do = perform a work, with accusative of congnate meaning with verb מַעֲשֶׂה Exodus 18:20; Exodus 23:12 (E), also (׳י subject) Deuteronomy 11:7; Daniel 9:14; Ecclesiastes 3:11; with accusative מְלָאכָה Genesis 2:2 (twice in verse) (J), Exodus 20:9,10 = Deuteronomy 9:13 (10 Words); with accusative דְּרָכֶיךָ Isaiah 58:13; מְלוּכָה עַל׳ע 1 Kings 21:7 = exercise sovereignty over; of ׳י performing signs (אֹתֹת) Joshua 24:17 (E), Numbers 14:11,22 (JE), Deuteronomy 11:3, so Moses Exodus 4:17 and (מֹפְתִים) Exodus 4:21. (2) do something to one (ל person) Genesis 20:9 (E), Judges 9:56 +; with עַל reflexive Jeremiah 26:19 do evil against ourselves; especially ׳י subject, with לְ, do good to Exodus 18:9 (E), 2 Kings 8:66, or evil Genesis 42:28 (E); in phrase so may God do to me, etc. 1 Samuel 3:17; 2 Kings 6:31 + (see יסף
Hiph`il 1.). (3) do something for one (ל person) Genesis 30:31; 1 Kings 11:8 +, direct object omitted 1 Samuel 20:4; + ל of thing Judges 21:7,16 what shall we do for them, for wives ? with עַל person Nehemiah 5:19; with dativus ethicus [dative of interest] (ל) 1 Samuel 10:7; with לְ, of ׳י doing kindness for 1 Samuel 22:3; executing vengeance for Judges 11:36 (+ מִן of enemy); ׳י doing a sign (אוֺת) for Judges 6:17 (elsewhere נָתַן אוֺת לְ), compare עֲשֵׂהעִֿמִּי אוֺת לְטוֺבָה Psalm 86:17. (4) do something (in relation or intercourse) wilth (אֵת person), ׳י subject Deuteronomy 1:30 all that he did with you, Deuteronomy 10:21 (compare Psalm 86:17 above), human subject 2 Chronicles 24:24 (object שְׁפָטִים), Ruth 2:11. (5) seldom with ב, usually of executing judgment upon 1 Samuel 28:18; Isaiah 48:14, more Generally Esther 1:15 what shall we do with the queen ? also, subject ׳י, Ezekiel 25:11; Ezekiel 28:26; Psalm 149:7; Psalm 149:9; Numbers 33:4 (on false gods); in good sense, ׳חֲסָדִים בּ׳ע Nehemiah 13:14. (6) of ׳י doing the justice (מִשְׁמַּט) of any one, i.e. maintaining his cause 1 Kings 8:45,49; Psalm 9:5. (7) with adverb do thus, כֹּה, Joshua 6:14 (JE), according to, כְּ Genesis 6:22 (P), Genesis 18:21 (J), 1 Kings 2:6; accusative as, כַּאֲשֶׁר Genesis 27:19 (J); Exodus 1:17 (E) +; with בְּ of manner, Judges 9:16a, Ezekiel 8:18; Ezekiel 25:15.
b. work for (ל of thing) Genesis 30:30 (J); with ל person 1 Samuel 14:6; Ezekiel 29:20 (for ׳י); work in (ב) gold or other material 1 Kings 7:14; 2 Chronicles 2:6; 2 Chronicles 2:13; Exodus 31:4,5; Exodus 35:32 (all P); with בָּהּ (i.e. בָּעֲבֹדָה) Exodus 5:9 (J) in toil; work with (עִם) God 1 Samuel 14:45, so probably of God's working with (אֵת) Moses and Aaron 1 Samuel 12:6 (usually appoint); with אֵת with (of person in whose company, in whose field Ruth 2:19 (twice in verse) (gleaning); work בְּחֵפֶץ כַּמֶּיהָ Proverbs 31:13; without preposition Exodus 36:1; Nehemiah 3:28.
2 deal with, with עִם, 2 Chronicles 2:2; Daniel 1:13 (כַּאֲשֶׁר accusative as); with אֵת, Ezekiel 20:44; Psalm 109:21; Ezekiel 22:14; Zephaniah 3:19 (perhaps; Gr Now insert כָּלָה, see
II:1 g), + כְּ Jeremiah 21:2, + בְּ of manner Ezekiel 23:25,29; with לְ person + בְּ Ezekiel 25:12; with בְּ person, Jeremiah 18:23; Daniel 11:7, + כְּ according to Nehemiah 9:24; Esther 3:11.
3 often in phrase, do kindness (חֶסֶד) with: with (עִמָּדִ) עִם Genesis 19:19; Genesis 24:12; Genesis 12:14 (J), Judges 1:24; Judges 8:35; 1 Samuel 15:6; 2 Samuel 2:5; 2 Samuel 10:2 = 1 Chronicles 19:2 +; with עַל, 1 Samuel 20:8 (but read עִם Vrss We Dr and others); absolute, Psalm 109:16; object חֶסֶד + אֱמֶת, with עִם, Joshua 2:14 (JE) Judges 9:19; 2 Samuel 2:6; with אֵת with, Genesis 24:49; Genesis 32:11; Genesis 47:29 (all J); with לְ, Exodus 20:6 = Deuteronomy 5:10; 2 Samuel 22:51 = Psalm 18:51; so טוֺב׳ע, with עִם, Genesis 26:29 (J), compare Judges 8:35; Judges 9:16; with אֵת with, 1 Samuel 24:19; 2 Samuel 2:6.
4 absolute Acts , act with effect, especially of ׳י, 1 Kings 8:32,39; Jeremiah 14:7; Ezekiel 20:9,14,22; Psalm 22:32; Psalm 37:5; Psalm 52:11; Daniel 9:19; of men 2 Chronicles 31:21; Daniel 8:12,24; Daniel 11:28,30,32; with ל of person Ezekiel 31:11.
II:1. make (670 + t.):
a. with object concrete, ark Genesis 8:6, altar Genesis 13:4, idols Judges 18:24,31 +, etc.
b. often of God's making (creating) Genesis 3:1 (J), Genesis 1:7,16,25 (P), Nehemiah 9:6; Job 9:9; Proverbs 8:26; 2 Chronicles 2:11; Psalm 95:5 +; making man Psalm 100:3; Psalm 119:73 (made by God's hands), in the womb Job 31:15 (twice in verse); making, constituting, nation Deuteronomy 26:19; Deuteronomy 32:6,15; participle suffix עשֵֹׁהוּ his Maker Isaiah 17:7; Proverbs 14:31; Proverbs 17:5 (הָעשֹׁוֺ Job 40:19 is improbable, most read הֶעָשָׂוּי, with various interpretation of following words); עשֶֹׁךָ Isaiah 51:13, עשֵֹׁנִי Job 32:23 (Ginsb; Job 32:22 van d. H. Baer), עשֵֹׁנוּ Psalm 95:6; so apparently plural participle עשָֹׁ֑י Job 35:10, עשַֹׁיִךְ Isaiah 54:5 (Ges§ 124 k explanation as sg.).
c. make something, with לְ reflexive, make for thee Exodus 20:4; Deuteronomy 9:12; Deuteronomy 10:1 +, for (ל) another 1 Samuel 2:19; 2 Samuel 7:11; 1 Kings 2:24 +; object מִשְׁתֶּה banquet Genesis 40:20; Esther 5:4, also (no ל) Genesis 29:22 (E) Judges 14:10; Esther 5:5,12and (figurative, ׳י subject) Isaiah 25:6; with ל of thing, Deuteronomy 22:8; with ל of animal Genesis 33:17 (J).
d. make a name (שֵׁם) for oneself (ל) 2 Samuel 7:9; 1 Chronicles 17:8, also (no ל) 2 Samuel 8:13; a new heart for oneself (ל) Ezekiel 18:31.
e. make war with (אֶת) Genesis 14:2; Joshua 11:18 (D); with עִם, Deuteronomy 20:12,20; 1 Chronicles 5:10,19; absolute 1 Chronicles 22:8; with ל reflexive Proverbs 24:6; participle עשֵֹׁה מִלְחָמָה 2 Chronicles 11:1; 26:11,13; make peace, with ל person Joshua 9:15 (J); אִתִּי בְרָכָה׳ע 2 Kings 18:31 make an agreement with me.
f. with ב, ׳מֶּרֶץ בּ׳ע Judges 21:15 ׳י brought a catastrophe upon (compare פרץ).
g. with 2accusative, make something out of (accusative mater.) Exodus 25:18; Exodus 28:13; Exodus 37:17,24; Song of Solomon 3:10; Deuteronomy 10:3 +; make something into something (Ges§ 117ii) Hosea 8:4; Genesis 27:9; Judges 17:4; Numbers 11:8; Numbers 17:3; Psalm 104:4; make something כָּלָה, i. e. utterly destroy it Nahum 1:8; Zephaniah 1:18; Ezekiel 20:17; Nehemiah 9:31; c. passive participle as 2nd accusative Exodus 38:7 they made it נְבוּב לֻחֹת hollow with boards, Exodus 39:9; but also with accusative + לְ, Hosea 2:10 gold they made into (ל) the Baal, Judges 8:27; Exodus 27:3 (P), Deuteronomy 9:14; Jeremiah 37:15; Ezekiel 4:9; Isaiah 44:17,19; make something for (ל person), + מִן of material Song of Solomon 3:9.
2 produce, yield: of grain, yielding meal Hosea 8:7 (twice in verse), vineyard, grapes Isaiah 5:2 (twice in verse); Isaiah 5:4 (twice in verse); Isaiah 5:10, tree, fruit 2 Kings 19:30 = Isaiah 37:31; Hosea 9:16; Jeremiah 12:2; Jeremiah 17:8; Ezekiel 17:23 (all figurative), Genesis 1:11,12 (P); branches Job 14:9 and (figurative) Ezekiel 17:8; land, fruit Leviticus 25:21 compare Habakkuk 3:17, absolute Genesis 41:47; of seed Isaiah 5:10, vine, shoots Ezekiel 17:6 (figurative); of cows, yielding milk Isaiah 7:22; hippop. producing fat Job 15:27.
3 prepare, especially of dressing and cooking food, Genesis 18:7,8; Judges 6:19; Judges 13:5; 1 Samuel 25:18 (passive), 2 Samuel 12:4 (twice in verse); Genesis 27:14,17,31; 2 Samuel 13:5,7; 1 Kings 17:12; Exodus 12:39 (+ ל reflexive); a bullock for sacrifice (see below) 1 Kings 18:23,25,26; כְּלֵיגוֺלָה Ezekiel 12:3 (+ ל reflexive); a chamber Nehemiah 13:7; prepare to build (+ ל person and infinitive).
4 make offering, e.g. עוֺלָה Judges 13:16; Jeremiah 33:18; Leviticus 16:24, עוֺלָה וָזֶבַח 2 Kings 5:17 (+ ל of deity), הַחַטָּאת Leviticus 14:19, אִשֶּׁה Numbers 15:3,14, various offerings 1 Kings 8:64; Leviticus 9:22; Ezekiel 45:17; Ezekiel 46:2 +; + ׳לי to ׳י Leviticus 17:9 +; also with accusative of thing sacrificed (perhaps originally prepare or provide, see above) Ezekiel 43:25 (twice in verse); Ezekiel 46:15; Leviticus 14:30; Leviticus 15:15,30; Leviticus 16:9; Numbers 6:11,17; Psalm 66:15 (+ ל of deity) +; absolute = offer sacrifice Exodus 10:25 (E + ׳לי), to (ל) heathen gods 2 Kings 17:32.
5 attend to, put in order: pare (the nails) Deuteronomy 21:12; wash (feet) 2 Samuel 19:25; trim (beard) v. 2 Samuel 19:25 (compare French faire la barbe, German die Haare machen).
6 observe, celebrate, religious festival, e.g. passover Exodus 12:48; Numbers 9:4,6,13; Joshua 5:10, also (+ ׳לי) Exodus 12:48; Numbers 9:10,14 (all P), Deuteronomy 16:1 +; sabbath Exodus 31:16; Deuteronomy 5:15; feast of weeks Deuteronomy 16:10, booths Deuteronomy 16:13, Purim Esther 9:21,27, etc.
7 acquire property of various kinds (compare 'make money') Genesis 12:5; Genesis 31:5 (J), Isaiah 15:7; Jeremiah 17:11; Jeremiah 48:36; Deuteronomy 8:18; Ezekiel 22:18; Ezekiel 28:4 (twice in verse); Ezekiel 38:12; 2 Chronicles 32:29; Ecclesiastes 2:8; + ל reflexive Deuteronomy 8:17; 2 Samuel 15:1; 1 Kings 1:5; of fruits from vineyards, etc. Psalm 107:37.
8 appoint priests 1 Kings 12:31; 1 Kings 13:33; 2 Chronicles 2:17 (all + מִן source), a feast 1 Kings 12:32,33 (+ ל person); ordain a sacrifice Numbers 28:6, a festal day Psalm 118:24; institute, אוֺב וְיִדְּעֹנִי ghost and familiar spirit 2 Kings 21:6 2 Chronicles 33:6 (compare Dr Deuteronomy 18:11).
9 bring about, of ׳י s effecting a deliverance Exodus 14:13 (לָכֶם), 1 Samuel 11:13; 2 Samuel 23:10 (insert also "" 1 Chronicles 11:13 Dr), 1 Chronicles 11:12; cause, followed by clause with שֶׁ Ecclesiastes 3:14.
10 use, לִמְלַאכְתּוֺ׳וְע 1 Samuel 8:16; passive Exodus 38:24.
11 spend, pass, days of life Ecclesiastes 6:12.
Niph`al97 Perfect 3 masculine singular נַעֲשָׂה Judges 16:11 +; 3 feminine singular נֶעֶשְׂתָה 2 Samuel 17:23 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יֵעָשֶׂה Genesis 29:26 +, 3 feminine singular with ו subordinate וְתֵעָשׂ Esther 5:6; Esther 7:2; Esther 9:12 (Ges§ 109 f.), etc.; Infinitive construct הֵעָשׂוֺת Esther 9:1,14, etc., Participle נַעֲשֶׂה Nehemiah 5:18, etc.; —
1 be done (passive of Qal I:1):
a. subject מְלָאכָה Judges 16:11 (with ב instrumental), Nehemiah 6:16 (with מֵאֵתאֱלֹהִים ), Nehemiah 6:9; Exodus 12:16 4t.; subject omitted Ezekiel 44:14, indefinite Esther 4:1; with כֵּן Esther 9:14; be done, כַּתּוֺרָה Ezra 10:3; be committed, of offence, Deuteronomy 13:15; Numbers 15:24; Ecclesiastes 4:1 3t.; with negative not (yet) done, i.e. future Isaiah 46:10; be accomplished, performed, fulfilled Ezekiel 12:35; Ezekiel 12:38; Daniel 11:36; Esther 5:5; Esther 7:2; Esther 9:12; be executed, carried out, of sentence Ecclesiastes 8:11, decree Esther 9:1; be followed, of counsel 2 Samuel 17:28; nearly = occur Ecclesiastes 1:9 (twice in verse); Ecclesiastes 1:13; Ecclesiastes 9:3,6, subject מַעֲשֶׂה Ecclesiastes 1:14; Ecclesiastes 2:17; Ecclesiastes 4:3; Ecclesiastes 8:9,17, subject הֶבֶל Ecclesiastes 8:14, עִנְיָן Ecclesiastes 8:15.
b. Imperfect with negative, is (are) not done, not according to usage, of flagrant offences Genesis 20:9 (E), Genesis 29:26 (with כֵּן), Genesis 34:7 (both J), 2 Samuel 13:12 (כֵּן); hence (P) not to be done, forbidden by ׳י Leviticus 4:2,13,22,27; Leviticus 5:17.
c. be done to, with ל of animal 1 Samuel 11:7 (כֹּה); ל person Exodus 2:4 (E) Exodus 21:31 (E; כַּמִּשְׁמָּט), Isaiah 3:11; Jeremiah 5:13 (כֹּה), Leviticus 24:19 (H; כֵּן), Numbers 15:34 (P) + 8t.; be done for, ל person Judges 11:37; Esther 6:3, עִם person Esther 6:3; ל of thing Numbers 15:11 (כָּכָה).
d. be done upon, against (ב) Daniel 9:12.
2 (passive of Qal II):
a. be made, of conr. things 1 Kings 10:20 2 Chronicles 9:19 (throne), Jeremiah 3:16 (ark), 2 Kings 12:14; Ezekiel 43:18; Exodus 25:31; Numbers 4:36 (P); with accusative mat; Leviticus 2:7.
b. be produced from (מִן) vine Numbers 6:4.
c. be prepared, of food Exodus 12:16; Leviticus 6:14; Leviticus 7:9 (all P), Nehemiah 5:18 (twice in verse).
d. be offered, מִנְחָה Leviticus 2:8,11, kid Numbers 28:15,24.
e. be observed, passover 2 Kings 24:22; 2 Kings 24:23 (ל of deity) = 2 Chronicles 35:18,19; Purim Esther 9:28.
f. be used + ל of thing Leviticus 7:24 (P); Leviticus 13:51 (P) Ezekiel 15:5 (twice in verse).
Pu`al Perfect 1 singular עֻשֵּׂיתִי Psalm 139:15 I was made.
II. [עָשָׂה] verb Pi`el press, squeeze (Late Hebrew עִשָּׂה Pi`el compel; ᵑ7עַסִּי Pa`el crush, gnash (teeth); compare Arabic compress a woman); — Perfect 3 plural עִשּׂוּ דַּדֵּי בְּתוּלִים Ezekiel 23:3,8 (unchaste act); Infinitive construct בַּעֲשׂוֺתדַּ֗֗֗דַּיִךְ Ezekiel 23:21 read Pi`el בְּעַשּׂוֺת (Ew Co Toy, and others).
עָשָׂה fut. יַעֲשֶׂה apoc. יַעַשׂ, וַיַּעַשׂ
(1) prop. to labour, to work about any thing; followed by בְּ Exodus 5:9; Nehemiah 4:15 to work upon any thing; Exodus 31:4, עֲשׂוֹת בַּזָּהָב וּבַכֶּסֶף “to work in gold and silver;” German in Gold und Silber arbeiten, verse Exodus 31:5, 2 Chronicles 2:13. Hence
(2) to make, to produce by labour (compare Germ. machen, with the Gr. μόγος, μόχθος and μῆχος, μηχανή, machina). Specially
(a) i.q. to manufacture, to fabricate (verfertigen), e.g. a ship, Genesis 8:6 an altar, Genesis 13:4 bricks, Exodus 5:16 garments, Genesis 3:21 idols, Deuteronomy 4:16 arms, 1 Samuel 8:12 (to erect) a booth, Genesis 33:17. עֹשֵׂי מְלָאכָה doers of work, i.e. workmen, 2 Kings 12:12, 22:5, 2 Kings 22:9; Nehemiah 11:12, and frequently.
(b) used of God, i.q. to produce, to create, as heaven, earth, Genesis 1:7, 16 2:2 3:1 5:1 6:6 Psalms 96:5, 104:19. Hence עֹשֶׁה subst. creator, with suff. עֹשַׂי my creator, Job 35:10 עֹשֵׂהוּ his creator, Job 4:17; Isaiah 17:7, 27:11 Hosea 8:14. עָשָׂה נִפְלָאוֹת to produce, i.e. to work miracles, Psal. 78:4, 12 Psalms 78:12, 98:1.
(c) to make any thing, i.e. to produce it from oneself, is an expression used of living creatures; e.g. to make milk, i.e. to produce it (used of a cow), Isaiah 7:22 to make fat on the loins, said of a man growing fat, Job 15:27 (comp. corpus facere, Justin.; Ital. far corpo; Gr. μεγάλην ἐπιγουνίδα θέσθαι, Od. xvii. 225; τρίχας γεννᾷν, sobolem facere, i.e. procreare, Plin.); and in like manner trees are said to make fruit (compare ποιεῖν κάρπον, Lat. caulem facere, Colum. einen Stengel treiben), Genesis 1:11, 12 branches, Job 14:9; Ezekiel 17:8 grain, to make flour, Hosea 8:7 a field, to make grain, Genesis 41:47; Habakkuk 3:17; Isaiah 5:2, 10. The same notion is often expressed in Hebrew by the conjugation Hiphil, see Heb. Gram. edit. x. page 113.-Those are said to make anything
(d) who acquire it by labour, as in Lat. pecuniam facere, Greek ποιεῖν βίον to make a living, e.g. riches, Genesis 31:1; Deuteronomy 8:17, 18 Jerem. 17:11 slaves, Genesis 12:5. Isaiah 19:10, עֹשֵׂי שֶׂכֶר “those who make wages,” i.e. hired servants. It is
(e) to prepare, to make ready, as food (German Gffen machen); Genesis 18:7, Genesis 18:8; Judges 13:15; 2 Samuel 12:4 a meal, Genesis 21:8 also to train and comb (not to shave) the beard (Lat. facere barbam, Lamprid., French, faire la barbe), 2 Samuel 19:25 to cut and adorn the nails, Deuteronomy 21:12. Used of God as pre-arranging future events, Isaiah 37:26.
(f) to make or prepare a victim to be offered to God, hence to offer. Exodus 29:36, פַּר הַחַמָּאת תַּעֲשֶׂה “thou shalt offer a bullock for sin;” verse 38 Exodus 29:38, 39 Exodus 29:39, 41 Exodus 29:41. Levit. 9:7 15:15 16:9 Judges 6:19; 1 Kings 18:23; Hosea 2:10, זָהָב עָשׂוּ לַבַּעַל “gold (which) they offered to Baal;” 2 Chronicles 24:7. Without the accusative of the sacrifice עָשָׂה לַיהוָֹה is to sacrifice to Jehovah, Exodus 10:25. Compare 2 Kings 17:32, וַיִּהְיוּ עֹשִׂים לָהֶם “and they sacrificed for them.” (Comp. Gr. ἱερὰ ἔρδειν, ἱερὰ ῥέζειν, and without the acc. ῥέζειν θεῷ, Il. ii. 400; viii. 250; Od. xiv. 151).
(g) to make, i.e. to keep a festival day, as the sabbath, the passover, Exodus 12:48; Numbers 9:10, 14 Deuteronomy 5:15 also to pass, spend time (ποιεῖν χρόνον, Acts 15:33), Ecclesiastes 6:12. Hence without the word denoting time; to spend time any where, for to abide, to stay. Ruth 2:19 אָנָה עָשִׂית “where hast thou made?” i.e. stayed; 1 Kings 20:40; Job 23:9 and with the addition of an adverb עָשָׂה מוֹב to spend life well, εὐ πράττειν (German gut machen), Ecclesiastes 3:12.
(h) to appoint any one to an office, to constitute any one, 1 Kings 12:31. 1 Samuel 12:6, “Jehovah אֲשֶׂר עָשָׂה אֶת־משֶׁה who constituted Moses.” Followed by לְ of a thing to which any one is appointed, Jeremiah 37:15.
(1) עָשָׂה מִלְחָמָה to wage war with (Gr. πόλεμον ποιεῖσθαί τινι, French, faire la guerre), Genesis 14:2; Deuteronomy 20:12; Joshua 11:18 and עָשָׂה שָׁלוֹם לְ to give or grant peace to any one (εἰρήνην ποιεῖσθαί τινι), Isaiah 27:5 (where Schnurrer’s view is apparently to be preferred; see my Comment.). It is said
(k) to do the laws, commandments, or will of God, Levit. 20:22 Deuteronomy 15:5; Psalms 103:20, 21 Psalms 103:21 also to do (to practise) right, justice, Genesis 18:19, 25 Genesis 18:25; Psalms 9:16; Isaiah 58:2 virtue, Numbers 24:18 kindness (followed by עִם and אֵת), Genesis 24:12, 40:14 and on the contrary, injustice, Isaiah 53:9 iniquity, Genesis 34:7 (Job 42:4); Psalms 37:1. Sometimes
(l) it is emphat. to effect, to complete, to execute any thing; hence עָשָׂה עֵצָה to execute counsel, Isaiah 30:1 (comp. Ecclesiastes 8:11 and עָשָׂה נְדָרִים to execute, i.e. to perform vows, Judges 11:39). Daniel 8:24, וְהִצְלִיחַ וְעָשָׂה “and he will prosper and effect (what is proposed);” 11:7, 17 Daniel 11:17, 28 Daniel 11:28, 30 Daniel 11:30 more often used of God, Ps. 22:32 37:5 52:11. Ecclesiastes 2:2, “(and of mirth I said מַה זֹּה עֹשָׂה what doth it effect?” i.e. profit? Also not unfrequently
(m) to make, to do is so used, that it gives the simple idea of a verb of action, which has to be defined from the context, or from what has preceded. Genesis 6:22 וַיַּעַשׂ נֹחַ כְּכֹלּ אֲשֶׂר צִוָּה אֹתוֹ אֱלֹהִים “and Noah did all that God had commanded him.” Genesis 21:26, “I do not know who did this.” Psalms 115:3, “he doth whatever he will.” Isaiah 46:4, אֲנִי עָשִׂיתִי וַאֲנִי אֶשָּׂא “I have done (i.e. I have borne) and I will bear;” (compare the Attic use of the Gr. ποιεῖν, see Passow, h. v. No. 2, f). It is sometimes pleonastically prefixed to another verb, by which weight is added to the discourse. Genesis 31:26, “why hast thou done (this) and deceived me?” (Mark 11:5, τί ποιεῖτε λύοντες). Genesis 41:34, יַעֲשֶׂה פַרְעֹה וְיַפְקֵד “let Pharaoh do this (let him follow my counsel) and appoint,” etc.; 1 Kings 8:32. As to its use in an immodest sense, see Piel.
When the material is indicated, of which any thing is made, two accusatives are generally used (compare נָתַן No. 3, and שׂוּם), Exodus 30:25, וְעָשִׂיתָ אֹתוֹ שֶׁמֶן מִשְׁחַת קֹדֶשׁ “and thou shalt make them (sc. the spices, out of those spices) an holy anointing oil;” Isaiah 46:6; Hosea 2:10, 8:4 and even with what may seem more peculiar, with the accusative of the material put last (compare בָּנָה, יָצַר Lehrg. 813), Exodus 38:3, כָּל־כֵּלָיו עָשָׂה נְחשֶׁת “he made all the vessels of brass;” Exodus 25:39, 30:25 36:14 37:24. Elsewhere the thing made out of any material is sometimes put last, with לְ prefixed, Isaiah 44:17, שְׁאֵרִיתוֹ לְאֵל עָשָׂה “of the remainder he makes an idol;” Genesis 12:2, אֶעֶשְׂךָ לְגוֹי גָּדוֹל “I will make thee a great people;” Exodus 32:10 so also in Exodus 27:3, לְכָל כֵּלָיו תַּעֲשֶׂה נְחשֶׁת “thou shalt make all the vessels of brass;” verse 19 Exodus 27:19.
Followed by לְ of pers. it is to do any thing with or to any one, whether good, Exodus 13:8; Deuteronomy 11:5 or evil, Genesis 27:45; Exodus 14:11 but absol. it is taken in a bad sense (jem. etwas thun), for to injure, Genesis 22:12, 19:8 Psalms 56:5. Here belongs the phrase, כֹּה יַעֲשֶׂה לּי אֱלֹהִים וְכֹה יוֹסִיף “so let God do to me, and so let him add if,” etc. 1 Samuel 3:17; 2 Samuel 3:35. More rarely with two acc. Jeremiah 33:9; Isaiah 42:16 (Gr. κακὰ ποιεῖν τινα and τινι), and followed by בְּ of pers. Job 35:6 (compare Isaiah 5:4).
Niphal נַעֲשָׂה pass. to be made, Leviticus 7:24. Used impers. לֹא יֵעָשֶׂה it is not done, it is not customary or usual, Genesis 29:26 it ought not to be done, Genesis 34:7, compare 20:9. With an acc. of object, Isaiah 26:18, יְשׁוּעוֹת־בַּל נַעֲשֶׂה אֶרֶץ “the land is not made deliverances,” is not delivered. Followed by לְ of pers. Exodus 2:4, “that he might know מַה־יֵּעָשֶׂה לוֹ what would be done to him,” i.e. what would happen. Specially pass. of No. 2, letter e, Nehemiah 5:18 g, 2 Kings 23:23 i, Leviticus 18:30; Esther 9:1.
Piel, to work, or to press immodestly the breasts of a woman, i.q. מָעַךְ Ezekiel 23:3, Ezekiel 23:8, and in Kal verse 21. Ch. עַסֵּי id. So Gr. ποιεῖν, and Lat. facere, perficere, conficere mulierem, as a euphemism for sexual intercourse, see Fesselii Advers. Sacra, lib. ii. cap. 23.
Pual, to be made (created), Psalms 139:15.
Derivatives, מַעֲשֶׂה, and the pr. names בַּעֲשֵׂיָה, יַעֲשַׂי, יַעֲשִׂיאֵל, מַעֲשַׂי, מַעֲשֵׂיָה, עֲשָׂהאֵל, עֲשִׂיאֵל, עֲשָׂיָה.
II.
עָשָׂה an unused root, to be covered with hairs, hairy. Arabic أَعْشَ hairy, عَثًا hairiness. Hence pr.n. עֵשֶׂו.