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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary
Strong's #1544 - ἐκβάλλω
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ἐκβάλλω,
Arc. ἐσδέλλω IG 5(2).6.49 (Tegea, iv B.C.), fut. -βᾰλῶ: aor. -έβαλον: pf. -βέβληκα: Pass., fut. -βεβλήσομαι E. Ba. 1313: —
I throw or cast out of, c. gen., Ὀδίον μέγαν ἔκβαλε δίφρου Il. 5.39, etc.: abs., throw out, ἐκ δ' εὐνὰς ἔβαλον 1.436, etc.; καὶ τὴν μὲν..ἰχθύσι κύρμα γενέσθαι ἔκβαλον threw her overboard, Od. 15.481, cf. Hdt. 1.24: then in various relations, ἐκπίπτω being freq. used as its Pass.:
1 throw ashore, τὸν δ' ἄρ'..νεὸς ἔκβαλε κῦμ' ἐπὶ χέρσου Od. 19.278; ἄνεμος.. τρηχέως περιέσπε..πολλὰς τῶν νεῶν ἐκβάλλων πρὸς τὸν Ἄθων Hdt. 6.44; ἐ. ἐς τὴν γῆν Id. 7.170 (but in 2.113 ἄνεμοι..ἐκβάλλουσι ἐς τὸ πέλαγος carry out to sea; ἐξέβαλεν ἄνεμος ἡμᾶς drove us out of our course, E. Cyc. 20): — Med., put ashore, ἵππους ἐξεβάλλοντο Hdt. 6.101; jettison, Syngr. ap. D. 35.11.
2. cast out of a place, Κιμμερίους ἐκβαλόντες ἐκ τῆς Εὐρώπης Hdt. 1.103; ἐ. ἐκ τῆς χώρας, of an enemy, Lycurg. 99, cf. D. 60.8; esp. of banishment, ἐκ πόλεως ἐ. drive out of the country, Pl. Grg. 468d, cf. Ar. Pl. 430, etc.; of a corpse, ἔξω τῆς πόλεως, τῶν ὁρίων, Pl. Lg. 873b, 909c: c. acc. only. drive out, banish, Heraclit. 121, S. OC 6 [*] 6, 770, etc.; turn out, νεοττούς Arist. HA 618b12; cast out of the synagogue, Jo. 34; ἐκ τοῦ τάγματος J. BJ 2.8.8; exorcize, cast out evil spirits, Mark 1:34, al.; also in weakened sense, cause to depart, ib. 43.
3. expose on a desertisland, S. Ph. 257, 1034, 1390; expose a dead body, ταφῆς ἄτερ Id. Aj. 1388; ἐ. τέκνα expose children, E. Ion 964.
4. ἐ. γυναῖκα ἐκ τῆς οἰκίας divorce her, D. 59.83: with simple acc., And. 1.125, D. 59.63, D.S. 12.18, etc.: — Pass., LXX Leviticus 21:7.
5. cast out of his seat, depose a king, ἐ. ἕδρας Κρόνον A. Pr. 203; ἐκ τυραννίδος θρόνου τ' ib. 910; ἐκ τῆς τιμῆς X. Cyr. 1.3.9: without ἐκ, ἐ. τινὰ πλούτου S. El. 649: — Pass., to be ejected, of an occupier, PPetr. 2p.143 (iii B.C.), PMagd. 12.8 (iii B.C.), etc.; χάριτος ἐκβεβλημένη S. Aj. 808; ἐκ τῆς φιλίας X. An. 7.5.6; ἐκ τῆς ἀρχῆς ἐξεβλ[]θησαν Isoc. 4.70.
6. throw decisively in wrestling. τίν' οὐ παλαίουσ' ἐς τρὶς ἐ. ; S. Fr. 941.13.
7. ἐ. φρέατα dig wells, Plu. Pomp. 32.
8. of drugs, get rid of, τοξεύματα Dsc. 3.32.
9. expel afterbirth, Hp. Mul. 1.78.
10. publish, σύνταξιν Plb. 30.4.11; issue, δόγμα ib. 19.6; ἀπόκρισιν Id. 29.19.5.
II
1. strike out of, χειρῶν δ' ἔκβαλλε κύπελλα Od. 2.396, cf. Theoc. 22.210; ἐκβάλλεθ'..τευχέων πάλους throw them out of the urns, A. Eu. 742: abs., δοῦρα ἐ. fell trees (prop., cut them out of the forest), Od. 5.244.
2. strike open, break in, ἐ. θύρετρα, πύλας, θύρας, E. Or. 1474, Hec. 1044, Lys. 3.23, D. 47.53.
III
1. let fall, drop, χειρὸς δ' ἔκβαλεν ἔγχος Il. 14.419; σφῦραν B. 17.28; ξίφος E. Andr. 629, cf. Ar. Lys. 156; οἰστούς X. An. 2.1.6: metaph., ἦ ῥ' ἅλιον ἔπος ἔκβαλον let fall an idle word, Il. 18.324; εἰ μὴ ὑπερφίαλον ἔπος ἔκβαλε Od. 4.503, cf. Hdt. 6.69, A. Ag. 1662, etc.; ἐ. ῥῆμα Pl. R. 473e: abs., utter, speak, D.L. 9.7; shed, δάκρυα δ' ἔκβαλε θερμά Od. 19.362; ἐ. ἕρκος ὀδόντων cast, shed one's teeth, Sol. 27, cf. E. Cyc. 644, etc.; throw up blood, S. Ant. 1238; spit out, Thphr. HP 4.8.4; ἐκβαλεῦσι τὰς κούρας their eyes will drop out, prov. of covetous persons, Herod. 4.64. throw away, cast aside, reject, εὐμένειαν, χάριν, S. OC 631, 636, cf. Plb. 1.14.4; προγόνων παλαιὰ θέσμια E. Fr. 360.45; θεούς Ar. Nu. 1477; recall, repudiate, ἐ. λόγους Pl. Cri. 46b; annul, τοὔπος S. OT 849; remoue an official from his post, D. 21.87; drive an actor from the stage, Id. 19.337: metaph., of a politician, Pl. Ax. 368d: — Pass., Ar. Eq. 525; ἐκβάλλεσθαι ἄξια Antipho 4.3.1. lose, properly by one's own fault, φρένας, τἀγαθόν. S. Ant. 649, Aj. 965, cf. Ar. Eq. 404, Ec. 75. produce, of women, Hp. Epid. 4.25 (of premature birth), Plu. Publ. 21; esp. in case of a miscarriage or abortion, Hp. Mul. 1.60, Thphr. HP 9.18.8; βρέφος ἐκ τῆς γαστρός Ant.Lib. 34; with play on 1.2, D.L. 2.102, etc.; hatch chicks, Sch. Ar. Av. 251. of plants, ἐ. καρπόν put forth fruit, Hp. Nat.Puer. 22; ἐ. στάχυν E. Ba. 75): — Pass., τὰ ἐκβαλλόμενα BGU 197.12 (i A.D.). put out a bone or joint, Hp. Fract. 31, Art. 67; χεῖρα Arr. Epict. 3.15.4. upset, undo the effect of a speech, Plb. 11.10.6. Math., produce a line, in Pass., Arist. Cael. 71b29, Mech. 850a11, Str. 2.1.29, etc.; ἐ. εἰς ἄπειρον produce to infinity, in metaph. sense, τὰ δεινά Phld. D. 1.12, cf. 13.
2. start counting, in astronomical calculations, Procl. Par.Ptol. 252. intr., go out, depart, ἵν' ἐκβάλω ποδὶ ἄλλην ἐπ' αἶαν E. El. 96; of the sea, break out of its bed, Arist. Mete. 367b13; of a rivcr, branch off, Pl. Phd. 113a: metaph., ἐπειδὰν ἐς μειράκια ἐκβάλωσιν D.C. 52.26.
ἐκ -βάλλω ,
[in LXX chiefly for H1644 pi., also for H7993 hi., H3318 hi., H3423 hi., etc.;]
1. to drive, cast or send out, to expel: c. acc rei, mid. (σῖτον ), seq. εἰς , Acts 27:38; pass., Matthew 15:17; c. acc pers., Matthew 21:12, Mark 11:15, al.; δαιμόνια , Matthew 7:22, Mark 1:34, al.; id. seq. ἐκ , Mark 7:26; παρά , Mark 16:9; ἐν , Mark 3:22; (ἐν ) τ . ὀνόματι , Matthew 7:22, Mark 9:38; λόγῳ , Matthew 8:16; seq. ἔξω , John 6:37; id. c. gen., Mark 12:8, al.; of expulsion from home, Galatians 4:30; from the Church, 3 John 1:10.
2. In LXX and NT (like Heb. H3318 and Aram.הַנְפֵּק ), to command or cause to depart: Matthew 9:38, Mark 1:12 (v. Swete, in l), ib. Mark 1:43; Mark 5:40, Luke 10:2, James 2:25; τ . κρίσιν εἰς νῖκος (to cause to proceed to its goal), Matthew 12:20 (LXX).
3. to reject (cl.): τ . ὄνομα ὑμῶς ὡς πονηρόν (cf. Deuteronomy 25:14), Luke 6:22; to leave out, Revelation 11:2.
4. to take, draw or pluck out;
(a) with violence: Matthew 7:5, Mark 9:47, Luke 6:42;
(b) to bring forth or out of: Matthew 12:35, Luke 10:35.
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
In P Ryl II. 80.1 (i/A.D.), in view of danger threatening the Nile banks, the village elders are ordered—ἐκβάλετε εἰς τὰ χώματα [τοῦ Πατεμίτου ] Ἄνωι ὑδροφύλακας, ";send out irrigation-guards on to the banks of the Upper Patemite district"; (Edd.). With its use, no fewer than 11 times in Mk, in connexion with the driving out of demons may be compared the heading of the magical incantation in P Par 574.1227 (iii/A.D.) (= Selections, p. 113) πρᾶξις γενναία ἐκβάλλουσα δαίμονας, and for the literal usage, as in Matthew 21:12, cf. the early P Lond 887.6 (iii/B.C.) (= III. p. 1) ἐγβέβληκέ με ἐκ τῶν ἐμῶν μερῶν τῆς αἰλῆς τῆι βίαι χρώμενος, P Magd 12.11 (B.C. 217) ἐγβαλεῖν με ἐκ τῶν κλήρων, and P Flor III. 319.5 (A.D. 132–7) ὧν (sc. ἀρουρῶν) ἐξέβαλόν με ο ̣ἱ ἐν γιτνίᾳ μου ὄντες. The sense of banishment from a family or society, as in Galatians 4:30 (from Genesis 21:10), 3 John 1:10, may be paralleled from BGU IV. 1050.15, a marriage-contract of the time of Augustus, where a man is bound over not to ill-treat his wife, μηδ᾽ ἐγβάλλειν μηδ᾽ ἄλλην γυναῖκα ἐπεισάγειν, ";nor to put her away, nor to marry another woman in addition to her"; : cf. P Tebt I. 104.22 (B.C. 92) and ib. 105.31 (B.C. 103) where in a lease of land provision is made that it shall not be in the power of the lessee to let the land to others μηδ᾽ ἐγβάλλειν τὸν Πτολεμαῖον πρὸ τοῦ χρόνου, ";nor to expel P. before the proper period,"; also P Sa‘id Khan I. A.21 f (B.C. 88) (= JHS xxxv. p. 28). In P Oxy IV. 744.10 (B.C. I) (= Selections, p. 33) a man writes to his wife with reference to the expected birth of a child—ἐὰν ἦν θήλεα, ἔκβαλε, ";if it is a female, expose it";; cf. Syll 737.95 (c. A.D. 175) ἐπιτείμια δὲ ἔστω τὰ αὐτὰ τῷ εὐκόσμῳ μὴ ἐκβαλόντι τοὺς μαχομένους. For the meaning ";bring forth,"; ";produce,"; as in Matthew 12:35, we may point to BGU I. 197.12 (A.D. 17) ";de agrorum proventu,"; τῶν ἐγβαλ [λομένων ] καθ᾽ ἔτος ἐκ τοῦ κλήρου γενημάτων καὶ ἐπιγενημάτω [ν. A similar weakened force of the verb is found in such NT passages as Matthew 13:52, Luke 10:35, John 10:4, James 2:25. MGr βγάλλω.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
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