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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary
Strong's #2507 - καθαιρέω
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καθαιρ-έω,
Ion. κατ-, Aeol. κατάγρημι, q.v.: fut. -ήσω Il. 11.453, etc.: fut. 2 καθελῶ APl. 4.334 (Antiphil.): aor.2 καθεῖλον, inf. καθελεῖν: aor. 1 καθεῖλα LXX 3 Ki. 19.14: Ion. pf. part. Pass. καταραιρημένος Hdt. 2.172: —
I
1. take down, καθείλομεν ἱστία Od. 9.149; κὰδ δ' ἀπὸ πασσαλόφι ζυγὸν ᾕρεον Il. 24.268; κ. ἄχθος take it down, i.e. off one's shoulders, Ar. Ra. 10; κ. τὸ σημεῖον And. 1.36; κ. τῶν ἐκ τῆς στοᾶς ὅπλων some of them, X. HG 5.4.8; κ. εἰκόνα ἐξ ἀκροπόλεως Lycurg. 117; κ. τινά, from the cross, Plb. 1.86.6, Ph. 2.529: — Med., κατελέσθαι τὰ τόξα take down one's bow, Hdt. 3.78; τοὺς ἱστούς Plb. 1.61.1.
2. put down, close the eyes of the dead, ὄσσε καθαιρήσουσι θανόντι περ Il. 11.453; ὀφθαλμοὺς καθελοῦσα Od. 24.296; χερσὶ κατ' ὀφθαλμοὺς ἑλέειν 11.426.
3. of sorcerers, bring down from the sky, σελήνην Ar. Nu. 750, Pl. Grg. 513a.
4. κατά με πέδον γᾶς ἕλοι may earth swallow me! E. Supp. 829 (lyr.).
II
1. put down by force, destroy, ὅτε κέν μιν μοῖρ' ὀλοὴ καθέλῃσι Od. 2.100, 19.145, cf. 3.238, etc.; μὴ καθέλοι μιν αἰών Pi. O. 9.60; φῶτ' ἄδικον καθαιρεῖ A. Ag. 398 (lyr.); μοῖρα τὸν φύσαντα καθεῖλε S. Aj. 517, cf. E. El. 878 (lyr.), etc.; kill, slay, ταῦρον ib. 1143, cf. Stesich. 23, S. Tr. 1063, Fr. 205; ἐάν τις ἀποκτείνῃ.. ἐν ὁδῷ καθελών Lexap. D. 23.53: — Pass., of criminals, to be executed, Plu. Them. 22.
2. put down, reduce, κ. Κῦρον καὶ τὴν Περσέων δύναμιν Hdt. 1.71, etc.; καθαιρεθῆναι, opp. ἀρθῆναι, D. 2.8; esp. depose, dethrone, Hdt. 1.124, etc.; κ. τὸ λῃστικὸν ἐκ τῆς θαλάσσης remove it utterly from.., Th. 1.4, cf. POxy. 1408.23 (iii A.D.); κ. ὕβριν τινός Hdt. 9.27, LXX Zechariah 9:6; ὄλβον S. Fr. 646.4; ὑπερηφάνους Aristeas 263: — Pass., καθῃρημένος τὴν αἴσθησιν bereft of sense, Plu. Per. 38; καθαιρεῖσθαι τῆς μεγαλειότητος [Ἀρτέμιδος ] Acts 19:27.
3. raze to the ground, demolish, πόλεις Th. 1.58, al., LXX Isaiah 14:17; τείχη Pl. Mx. 244c; τῶν τειχῶν a part of the walls, X. HG 4.4.13: — Pass., Th. 5.39, etc.; καθῃρέθη.. Οἰχαλία δορί S. Tr. 478.
4. cancel, rescind, τὸ Μεγαρέων ψήφισμα Th. 1.140, cf. 139, Plu. Per. 29; ἔργον κ. λόγῳ Philem. 140.
5. as law-term, condemn, ἡ καθαιροῦσα ψῆφος a verdict of guilty, Lys. 13.37: c. inf., ἐμὲ πάλος καθαιρεῖ.. λαβεῖν S. Ant. 275; so prob. κατά με.. Ἀΐδας ἕλοι πατρὶ ξυνθανεῖν Id. OC 1689 (lyr.), cf. E. Or. 862; simply, decide, ὅ τι ἂν αἱ πλείους ψῆφοι καθαιρῶσι D.H. 7.36, 39; in book-keeping, ἃν καθαιρῶσιν αἱ ψῆφοι whatever the counters (or accounts) prove, prob. in D. 18.227.
6. reduce, τῶν αὐξανομένων καὶ καθαιρουμένων γραμμῶν Arist. Ph. 237b9; τοῦ ἀποστήματος πεφυκότος ἐπὶ πολὺ καθαιρεῖν τὰ μεγέθη Phld. Sign. 9; of mild caustics, τὰ ὑπερσαρκέοντα καθαιρεῖ (prob. for καθαίρει) Hp. Ulc. 14, cf. Gal. 11.756; τὸ σῶμα κ. διαίταις Plu. Ant. 53: Rhet., minimize, Arist. Rh. 1376a34.
III overpower, seize, κὰδ δέ μιν ὕπνος ᾕρει Od. 9.372; κ. τινά overtake, X. Cyr. 4.3.16; κ. τινὰ ἐν ἀφροσύνῃ catch in the act of folly, S. Ant. 383 (anap.): c. gen. partis, κ. τῶν ὤτων seize by.., Theoc. 5.133: — Pass., κ. ὑπό τινος Hdt. 6.29. fetch down as a reward or prize, καθαιρεῖν ἀγῶνας Plu. Pomp. 8: metaph., achieve, ἀγώνιον.. εὖχος ἔργῳ καθελών Pi. O. 10(11).63: fut. inf. καθαρεῖν, παστόν, μίτραν, Epigr. in Berl.Sitzb. 1894.908 (Asia Minor): — Med., φόνῳ καθαιρεῖσθ', οὐ λόγῳ, τὰ πράγματα E. Supp. 749: — Pass., Hdt. 7.50. less freq. like the simple αἱρεῖν, take and carry off, Id. 6.41, cf. 5.36 (Pass.). Cf. καθαίρω.
καθ -αιρέω , -ῶ ,
[in LXX for H5422, H6555, H3381, etc.;]
1. to take down: c. acc pers. (the technical term for removal after crucifixion, Field, Notes, 44), Mark 15:36; Mark 15:46, Luke 23:53, Acts 13:29.
2. to put down by force, pull down, destroy: ἀποθήκας , Luke 12:18 (opp. to οἰκοδομεῖν ); δυνάστας , Luke 1:52; ἔθνη , Acts 13:19; pass., Acts 19:27 (diminished, Field, Notes, 129 f.); fig., to refute: λογισμούς , 2 Corinthians 10:5.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
καθαιρέω is used apparently in the full sense of ";pull down,"; ";demolish,"; in P Petr I. 26.6 (B.C. 241) καθειρηκότος τὰς στέγα ̣ς, and id. III. 46(l).15 χρεμάτισον Διονυσίωι Ἀπολλωνίου τ ̣[ῶ ]ι ̣ ἐξειληφότει (corr. –ότι) τὴν βασιλεικὴν (corr. –ικὴν) κατάλυσιν προυπαρχοῦσαν ἐν Πτολεμαίδει (corr. –ίδι) καθελεῖν διὰ τὸ πεπονηκέναι, ";pay Dionysios, son of Apollonios, who has contracted to take down the Royal quarters previously existing at Ptolemais, owing to their dilapidation"; (Edd.). A somewhat weaker meaning is found in P Amh II. 54.3 (B.C. 112) οἶκος καθει ̣ρη ̣μένος ἧς οἱ τῦχοι (l. οἴκου καθῃρημένου οὗ οἱ τοῖχοι) περίεισιν καὶ εἴσοδος καὶ ἔξοδος, ";a dismantled house of which the walls are standing and the entrance and the exit"; : cf. P Tor I. 1ii. 1 (B.C. 117), P Leid M.15 (ii/B.C.). See Field Notes, p. 129, on the translation of Acts 19:27, and cf. further Aristeas 263 ὁ θεὸς τοὺς ὑπερηφάνους καθαιρεῖ, τοὺς δὲ ἐπιεικεῖς καὶ ταπεινοὺς ὑψοῖ. In P Oxy XII. 1408.23 (c. A.D. 210–4) [τὸ ? τοὺς λῃστὰς κα ]θαι [ρ ]εῖν χωρὶς τῶν ὑποδεχομένων μὴ δύνασθαι πασιφανερόν, the editors render ";that it is impossible to exterminate robbers apart from those who shelter them is evident to all.";
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
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