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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary
Strong's #1325 - δίδωμι
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δίδωμι, Il. 23.620, etc. (late δίδω POxy. 121 (iii A. D.)); late forms, 1 pl. διδόαμεν v. l. in J. BJ 3.8.5, etc., 3 pl. δίδωσι (παρα-) Id. AJ 10.4.1, etc.; but thematic forms are freq. used, esp. in and Ion., διδοῖς, διδοῖσθα, Il. 9.164, 19.270, διδοῖ Od. 17.350, Mimn. 2.16, Hdt. 2.48, Hp. Aër. 12 (ἀνα-), A. Supp. 1010, etc., διδοῦσι Il. 19.265 (always in Hom.), dub. in Att., Antiph. 156; imper. δίδου Thgn. 1303, Hdt. 3.140, E. Or. 642, δίδοι Pi. O. 1.85, Epigr. in Class.Phil. 4.78, δίδωθι Od. 3.380; inf. διδόναι, also διδοῦν Thgn. 1329, διδοῦναι Il. 24.425, Aeol. δίδων Theoc. 29.9; part. διδούς, Aeol. δίδοις Alc. Supp. 23.13: impf. ἐδίδουν -ους -ου, Ar. Eq. 678, Od. 19.367, 11.289 ( δίδου Il. 5.165), etc.; 3 pl. ἐδίδοσαν Hdt. 8.9, etc., ἐδίδουν (v.l. ἐδίδων) Hes. Op. 139, D.H. 5.6 codd. (ἀπ-), also ἔδιδον prob. in h.Cer. 437, δίδον ib. 328; iter. δόσκον Il. 14.382: fut. δώσω 14.268, etc., διδώσω Od. 13.358, 24.314; inf. δωσέμεναι Il. 13.369: aor. 1 ἔδωκα, used only in ind., Od. 9.361, etc., δῶκα Il. 4.43: aor. 2 ἔδων, used in pl. ind. ἔδομεν ἔδοτε ἔδοσαν (Lacon. ἔδον IG 5(1).1 B 1), and in moods, δός, δῶ, δοίην, δοῦναι, δούς; forms of aor., subj. 3 sg. δώῃ, δώῃσι, δῷσι, Il. 16.725, 1.324, Od. 2.144; 3 sg. δώη, Boeot. δώει SIG 2858.17 (Delph.), IG 7.3054 (Lebad.), δοῖ PPetr. 2. p.24; 1 pl. δώομεν Il. 7.299, Od. 16.184, 3 pl. δώωσι Il. 1.137; 3 sg. opt. is written δόη UPZ 1.4, δοῖ IG 14.1488, etc.; inf. δόμεναι Il. 1.116, δόμεν 4.379 (also Dor., Ar. Lys. 1163 (ἀπο-), δόμειν SIG 942 (Dodona)); Cypr. inf. δοϝέναι Inscr.Cypr. 135.5H. (also opt. δυϝάνοι ib. 6); Arc. part. ἀπυ-δόας IG 5(2).6.13 (Tegea); inf. δῶναι Schwyzer 666.2 (Orchom., iii B. C.), also in later Greek, BGU 38.13 (ii A. D.): pf. δέδωκα Pi. N. 2.8, etc.; Boeot. 3 pl. ἀπο-δεδόανθι IG 7.3171.35 (Orchom.): plpf. ἐδεδώκει X. Cyr. 1.4.26: — Med. only in compds.: — Pass., fut. δοθήσομαι E. Ph. 1650, Isa 3.39, etc.: aor. ἐδόθην Od. 2.78, etc.: pf. δέδομαι Il. 5.428, A. Supp. 1041, Th. 1.26, etc.; 3 pl. δέδονται E. Supp. 757: plpf. ἐδέδοτο Th. 3.109: —
I
1. give freely, τινί τι Od. 24.274, etc.: in pres. and impf., to be ready to give, offer, Il. 9.519, Hdt. 5.94, 9.109, Ar. Fr. 100, X. An. 6.3.9, etc.; τὰ διδόμενα things offered, D. 18.119.
2. of the gods, grant, assign, κῦδος, νίκην, etc., Il. 19.204, 11.397, etc.; of evils, δ. ἄλγεα, ἄτας, κήδεα, etc., 1.96, 19.270, Od. 9.15, etc.; twice in Hom. in Pass., οὔ τοι δέδοται πολεμήϊα ἔργα not to thee have deeds of war been granted, Il. 5.428, cf. Od. 2.78; later εὖ διδόναι τινί give good fortune, provide well for.., S. OT 1081, OC 642, E. Andr. 750: abs., of the laws, grant permission, δόντων αὐτῷ τῶν νόμων Isaiah 7:2, cf. Pl. Lg. 813c.
3. offer to the gods, ἑκατόμβας, ἱρὰ θεοῖσιν, Il. 12.6, Od. 1.67, etc.
4. with inf. added, ξεῖνος γάρ οἱ ἔδωκεν.. ἐς πόλεμον φορέειν gave it him to wear in war, Il. 15.532, cf. 23.183; δῶκε [τεύχεα] θεράποντι φορῆναι 7.149: later freq. of giving to eat or drink, ἐκ χειρὸς διδοῖ πιεῖν Hdt. 4.172, cf. Cratin. 124, Pherecr. 69, etc.; ἐδίδου ῥοφεῖν Ar. Fr. 203; δίδου μασᾶσθαι Eup. 253; δὸς καταφαγεῖν Hegem. 1; τὴν κύλικα δὸς ἐμπιεῖν Pherecr. 41; δὸς τὴν μεγάλην σπάσαι Diph. 17.7; with inf. omitted, φιάλην ἔδωκε κεράσας Ephipp. 10; εὐζωρότερον δός Diph. 58; also of giving water to wash with, δίδου κατὰ χειρός (sc. νίψασθαι) Arched. 2.3, cf. Alex. 261.2.
5. Prose phrases, δ. ὅρκον, opp. λαμβάνειν, tender an oath, δοκεῖ κἂν ὀμόσαι εἴ τις αὐτῷ ὅρκον διδοίη Isa 9.24, cf. D. 39.3, Arist. Rh. 1377a8; δ. ψῆφον, γνώμην, put a proposal to the vote, propose a resolution, D. 21.87, 24.13: δ. χάριν, = χαρίζεσθαι, S. Aj. 1354, Cratin. 317; ὀργῇ χάριν δούς having indulged.., S. OC 855; λόγον τινὶ δ. give one leave to speak, X. HG 5.2.20; δ. λόγον σφίσι deliberate, Hdt. 1.97; οὐκ, εἰ διδοίης.. σαυτῷ λόγον S. OT 583; δοῦναι, λαβεῖν λόγον, Arist. SE 165a27 (but δ. λόγον, εὐθύνας, render accounts, IG 12.91, al.): δ. δίκην or δίκας, v. δίκη: ἀκοὴν δ. λόγοις lend an ear to.., S. El. 30, etc.; δ. ἐργασίαν give diligence, = Lat. dare operam, OGI 441.109 (Lagina, i B. C.), POxy. 742.11: c. inf., Luke 12:58 : abs., sc. πληγήν, λίθῳ δ. τινί PLips. 13 iii 3; ἐμβολὰς διδόναι, ram, of ships, D.S. 13.10.
II c. acc. pers.,
1. hand over, deliver up, ἀχέεσσί με δώσεις Od. 19.167; μιν.. ὀδύνῃσιν ἔδωκεν Il. 5.397; Ἕκτορα κυσίν 23.21; πυρί τινα Od. 24.65; πληγαῖς τινά Pl. R. 574c; ἔδωκε θῆρας φόβῳ Pi. P. 5.60.
2. of parents, give their daughter to wife, θυγατέρα ἀνδρί Il. 6.192, Od. 4.7; also of Telemachus, ἀνέρι μητέρα δώσω 2.223; τὴν.. Σάμηνδε ἔδοσαν gave her in marriage to go to Samé, 15.367, cf. 17.442; with inf. added, δώσω σοι Χαρίτων μίαν ὀπυιέμεναι Il. 14.268: in Prose and Trag., θυγατέρα δ. τινὶ γυναῖκα Hdt. 1.107, cf. Th. 6.59, X. HG 4.1.4, etc.: abs., ἐδίδοσαν καὶ ἤγοντο ἐξ ἀλλήλων Hdt. 5.92. β, cf. E. Med. 288; also δ. κόρᾳ ἄνδρα Pi. P. 9.117.
3. διδόναι τινά τινι grant another to one's entreaties, pardon him at one's request, X. An. 6.6.31; διδόναι τινί τι forgive one a thing, condone it, E. Cyc. 296 (s. v. l.).
4. δ. ἑαυτόν τινι give oneself up, δ. σφέας αὐτοὺς τοῖσι Ἀθηναίοισι Hdt. 6.108, cf. S. Ph. 84, Th. 2.68; τινὶ εἰς χεῖρας S. El. 1348; δ. ἑαυτὸν τοῖς δεινοῖς D. 18.97; εἰς τοὺς κινδύνους Plb. 3.17.8; εἰς ἔντευξιν Id. 3.15.4; εἰς τρυφήν, εἰς λῃστείας, D.S. 17.108, 18.47: c. inf., δίδωσ' ἑκὼν κτείνειν ἑαυτόν S. Ph. 1341.
5. appoint, establish, of a priest, LXX Exodus 31:6; δῶμεν ἀρχηγόν ib. Numbers 14:4; δ. τινὰ εἰς ἔθνος μέγα ib. Genesis 17:20; place, τινὰ ὑπεράνω πάντα τὰ ἔθνη ib. De. 28.1: — Pass., οἱ δεδομένοι, = Nethinim, ministers of the Temple, ib. Nehemiah 5:3; ἐδόθη αὐτοῖς ἵνα.. orders were given them that.., Revelation 9:5.
III
1. in vows and prayers, c. acc. pers. et inf., grant, allow, bring about that.., esp. in prayers, δὸς ἀποφθίμενον δῦναι δόμον Ἄϊδος εἴσω grant that he may go.., Il. 3.322; τὸν κασίγνητον δότε τυίδ' ἴκεσθαι Sapph. Supp. 1.2; δός με τείσασθαι give me to.., A. Ch. 18, cf. Eu. 31; also c. dat. pers., τούτῳ.. εὐτυχεῖν δοῖεν θεοί Id. Th. 422; θεοὶ δοῖέν ποτ' αὐτοῖς.. παθεῖν S. Ph. 316, cf. OC 1101, 1287, Pl. Lg. 737b.
2. grant, concede in argument, δ. καὶ συγχωρεῖν Id. Phd. 100b, cf. Arist. Metaph. 990a12, al.: c. inf., Id. Ph. 239b29; δ. εἶναι θεούς Iamb. Myst. 1.3; ἑνὸς ἀτόπου δοθέντος τἆλλα συμβαίνει Arist. Ph. 186a9; δεδομένα, τά, data, title of work by Euclid; ἡ δοθεῖσα γραμμή, γωνία, etc., Pl. Men. 87a, Euc. 1.9, etc.; δεδόσθω κύκλος Archim. Sph.Cyl. 1.6, al.; also in Alchemy, δός take certain substances, Pleid.X. 69. Gramm., describe, record, Sch. Pi. P. 5.93, Sch. Il. 16.207. seemingly intr., give oneself up, devote oneself, c. dat., esp. ἡδονῇ E. Ph. 21, Plu. Publ. 13; ἡδοναῖς Philostr. VS 1.12; ἐλπίδι J. AJ 17.12.2; εἰς δημοκοπίαν D.S. 25.8; δρόμῳ δοὺς φέρεσθαι at full speed, Alciphr. 3.47.
δίδωμι ,
[in LXX chiefly for H5414 (53 words in all);]
to givein various senses, acc, to context bestow, grant, supply, deliver, commit, yield: absol., Acts 20:35; c. acc rei et dat. pers., Matthew 4:9; Matthew 5:31, John 1:12, al. mult.; c. dat. pers., seq. ἐκ , Matthew 25:8; id. c. gen. part., Revelation 2:17; c. acc pers., John 3:16, Revelation 20:13, al.; δεξιάς , Galatians 2:9; φίλημα , Luke 7:45; γνῶσιν , Luke 1:77; κρίσιν , John 5:22; of seed yielding fruit, Mark 4:7-8; ἐργασίαν (Deiss., LAE, 117 f.), Luke 12:58; c. inf. fin., Matthew 27:34, Mark 5:43, Luke 8:55, John 6:52, al.; c. dat. pers. et inf., Luke 1:74, al.; c. acc et inf., Acts 2:27, Revelation 3:9; c. dupl. acc, Matthew 20:28, Mark 10:45, Ephesians 1:22; Ephesians 4:11, 2 Thessalonians 3:9, 1 Timothy 2:6, al.; ἐαυτὸν δ . εἰς (Polyb., al.), Acts 19:31; c. dat. pers., seq. κατά (MM, Exp., xi), Revelation 2:23 (LXX); δ . ἵνα , Revelation 3:9; δέδωκα ἐνώπόν σου θύραν ἀνεωγμένην , Revelation 3:8.
SYN.: δωρέομαι G1433.
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
P Oxy X. 1292.9 (c. A.D. 30) ἔδωκα Ἑρμᾶτι δο ̣υ ̣̑ναί σοι (δραχμὰς) ι ̄β ̄, ib. VII. 1062.15 (ii/A.D.) τὸ ἀργύριον δὸς Ζωίλωι τῶι φιλῶι, ib. 1068.24 (iii/A.D.) εἵνα δῷς αὐτοῖς γράμματα should serve as exx. of the ordinary usage of this common verb. For διδόναι λόγον cf. P Oxy X. 1281.9 (a loan—A.D. 21) ἐφ᾽ ὧι ̣ κ ̣ο ̣μ ̣ι ̣ζ ̣ομέν ̣ου ̣ [τοῦ ] Ἰωσήπου ταῦτα πρότερον δώσει λόγ ̣ο ̣[ν ] τούτων, ";on condition that when Joseph receives it he shall first render an account of it"; (Edd.), P Strass I. 32.9 (A.D. 261) δότω λόγον, τί αὐτῷ ὀφείλ [ε ]ται καὶ ποῦ παρέσχεν, ἵνα οὕτως αὐτῷ ἐνλογηθῇ Lest Acts 13:20 should be supposed a Hebraism, after (e.g.) Numbers 14:4, we may quote P Lille I. 28.11 (iii/B.C.) αὐτοῖς ἐδώκαμεν μεσίτην Δωρ [ί ]ων [α, ";nous leur avons donné pour arbitre Dorion"; (Edd.), P Flor I. 2.52 (A.D. 265) δίδομεν καὶ προσαγγέλλομεν τὸν ὑπογεγραμμένον εἰς δεσμοφυλακείαν : cf. ib. 91.3 (ii/A.D.) ἐδόθην εἰς ἑ [τέραν αὖ λιτουργία ]ν, and P Oxy IX. 1195.1 (A.D. 135) Ἀπολλωνίωι κριτῆι δοθέντι ὑπὸ Πετρωνίου Μαμερτείνου τοῦ κρατίστου ἡγεμόνος. Similarly Deissmann (LAE, P. 117) disposes of the ";Latinism"; in Luke 12:58 by reference to a letter of B.C. 2 written in vulgar Greek, P Oxy IV. 742.14 δὸς ἐργασία [ν, ";give your attention to it,"; and to the occurrence of the same phrase in the unpublished P Bremen 18 (c. A.D. 118). He also cites OGIS 441.109 (B.C. 81) φροντίζωσιν διδῶσίν τε ἐργασίαν, ";may they take heed and give diligence"; (but see Dittenberger’s note). Herwerden (Lex. s.v.) illustrates the elliptical use (e.g. Revelation 2:23) from Rev. pap. Lips. 13iii. 3 ὁ ἄλλος λίθῳ δέδωκεν τῷ υἱῷ μου, sc. πληγήν : cf. our ";he gave it him with a stick."; For δίδωμι ἐμαυτόν τινι or ὑπέρ τινος (as 2 Corinthians 8:5, Titus 2:14) cf. P Par 47.26 (c. B.C. 153) (= Witkowski.2, p. 90) ἰ καὶ αὑτοὺς δεδώκαμεν καὶ ἀποπεπτώκαμεν ὑπὸ τῶν θεῶν καὶ πιστεύοντες τὰ ἐνύπνια, and see Nägeli, p. 56. There is a suggestive use of δ. in the question addressed to an oracle, P Oxy IX. 1213.4 (ii/A.D.) ἀξιοῖ Μένανδρος [εἰ ] δέδοταί μοι γαμῆσαι; [τοῦ ]τό μοι δός ";M. asks, is it granted me to marry? Answer me this"; (Ed.), so Wessely Spec.gr. 12, 26 εἶ οὐ [δέ ]δοταί μοι συμβιῶσαι Ταπεθεῦ [τι; (cf. Archiv v. p. 232). There is the same collocation of verbs in Matthew 19:11, where it is implied that there are those οἶς οὐ δέδοται. For δός at the end of the first oracle cf. P Oxy VIII. 1149.9 (ii/A.D.) : it answers to τοῦτό μοι σύμφωνον ἔνενκε in ib. 1148.9, and κύρωσ [όν ] μοι τοῦτο τὸ γραπτόν in Wessely’s oracle. Δὸς πεῖν (as in John 4:7) may be cited from P Leid Wviii. 9 (ii/iii A.D.).
On the forms of this verb, which was rapidly coming over into the -ω class, like other -μι verbs in the Hellenistic age—cf. MGr δίδω, δίνω or δώνω —see BS, p. 192, CR xv. pp. 37 f., 436, xviii. pp. 111 f., and the editor’s note on P Oxy VII. 1053.13. On ib. 1066.12 (iii/A.D.) ἔλεγέν μοι Ἀπόλλων ὅτι οὐδέν μοι ἔδωσεν, attention is drawn to ἔδωσεν as ";a rather early instance of the sigmatic form which is occasionally found in writers of the decadence.";
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the Sixth Week after Easter