the Week of Proper 23 / Ordinary 28
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Bible Lexicons
Old Testament Hebrew Lexical Dictionary Hebrew Lexicon
Strong's #7725 - שׁוּב
- Brown-Driver-Briggs
- Strong
- to return, turn back
- (Qal)
- to turn back, return
- to turn back
- to return, come or go back
- to return unto, go back, come back
- of dying
- of human relations (fig)
- of spiritual relations (fig)
- to turn back (from God), apostatise
- to turn away (of God)
- to turn back (to God), repent
- turn back (from evil)
- of inanimate things
- in repetition
- to turn back, return
- (Polel)
- to bring back
- to restore, refresh, repair (fig)
- to lead away (enticingly)
- to show turning, apostatise
- (Pual) restored (participle)
- (Hiphil) to cause to return, bring back
- to bring back, allow to return, put back, draw back, give back, restore, relinquish, give in payment
- to bring back, refresh, restore
- to bring back, report to, answer
- to bring back, make requital, pay (as recompense)
- to turn back or backward, repel, defeat, repulse, hinder, reject, refuse
- to turn away (face), turn toward
- to turn against
- to bring back to mind
- to show a turning away to reverse, revoke
- (Hophal) to be returned, be restored, be brought back
- (Pulal) brought back
- (Qal)
- Book
- Word
did not use
this Strong's Number
1462) bs (סהב ShB) AC: Turn CO: Seat AB: ?: The pictograph s is a picture of the two front teeth representing pressing, the b is a picture of tent. Combined these mean "Press to the tent". A place of dwelling as the place returned to. A turning back or away from someone or something. A captive is one turned away from a place of dwelling. (eng: shove)
A) bs (סהב ShB) AC: ? CO: Seat AB: ?: A returning to ones place of residence where one sits.
Nf2) tbs (סהבת ShBT) - Seat: KJV (4): seat, place - Strongs: H7675 (שֶׁבֶת)
qf) fbs (סהבו ShBW) - Shvo: An unknown stone, possibly an agate. KJV (2): agate - Strongs: H7618 (שְׁבוֹ)
B) bbs (סהבב ShBB) AC: Turn CO: ? AB: ?
Nm ) bbs (סהבב ShBB) - Broken: To be broken into pieces. [Unknown connection to root;] KJV (1): broken - Strongs: H7616 (שְׁבָבִים)
bm) bibs (סהביב ShBYB) - Flame: [Unknown connection to root; Hebrew and Aramaic] KJV (3): spark, flame - Strongs: H7631 (שְׁבִיב), H7632 (שָׁבִיב)
gm) bbfs (סהובב ShWBB) - Backsliding: A turning back. KJV (6): backsliding, frowardly - Strongs: H7726 (שׁוֹבָב), H7728 (שׁוֹבֵב)
H) ebs (סהבה ShBH) AC: Capture CO: Captive AB: ?: A forcible turning away from ones homeland to another place.
V) ebs (סהבה ShBH) - Capture: To take one away from his homeland as a captive. KJV (47): (vf: Paal, Niphal, Participle) captive, away, carry, take - Strongs: H7617 (שָׁבָה)
Nf3) tfbs (סהבות ShBWT) - Captivity: [df: tybs] KJV (44): captivity, captive - Strongs: H7622 (שְׁבִית)
ff ) ibs (סהבי ShBY) - Captive: KJV (49): captivity, captive, prisoner, taken - Strongs: H7628 (שְׁבִי)
ff1) eibs (סהביה ShBYH) - Captive: KJV (9): captive, captivity - Strongs: H7633 (שִׁבְיָה)
J) bfs (סהוב ShWB) AC: Turn CO: ? AB: ?: A turning back to a previous state or place.
V) bfs (סהוב ShWB) - Return: To turn back. [Hebrew and Aramaic] KJV (1074): (vf: Paal, Hiphil, Hophal, Pual, Participle) return, again, turn, back, away, restore, bring, render, answer, recompense, recover, deliver, put, withdraw, requite - Strongs: H7725 (שׁוּב), H8421 (תּוּב)
Nf1) ebfs (סהובה ShWBH) - Returning: KJV (1): returning - Strongs: H7729 (שׁוּבָה)
if1) ebfst (תסהובה TShWBH) - Return: Also a reply as a return. KJV (8): return, expire, answer - Strongs: H8666 (תְּשֻׁבָה)
kf1) ebfsm (מסהובה MShWBH) - Backsliding: A turning back. KJV (12): backsliding, turning away - Strongs: H4878 (מְשֻׁבָה)
L) bsi (יסהב YShB) AC: Sit CO: Dwelling AB: ?: A place of dwelling as the place returned to.
V) bsi (יסהב YShB) - Sit: To set oneself down in the dwelling place for the night or for long periods of time. To settle or remain. [Hebrew and Aramaic] KJV (1093): (vf: Paal, Niphal, Hiphil, Hophal, Piel) dwell, inhabitant, sit, abide, inhabit, down, remain, in, tarry, set, continue, place, still, taken - Strongs: H3427 (יָשַׁב), H3488 (יְתִב)
am) bsfm (מוסהב MWShB) - Dwelling: The place of sitting. KJV (44): habitation, dwelling, seat, dwellingplace, dwell, place, sitting, assembly, situation, sojourning - Strongs: H4186 (מֹשָׁב)
im) bsft (תוסהב TWShB) - Sojourner: One who travels from place to place. KJV (14): sojourner, stranger, foreigner - Strongs: H8453 (תֹּשָׁב)
M) bis (סהיב ShYB) AC: Turn CO: ? AB: ?
Nf1 ) ebis (סהיבה ShYBH) - Return: KJV (2): captivity - Strongs: H7870 (שִׁיבָה), H7871 (שִׁיבָה)
Adopted Roots:
- A2213 Bsh (Design, Invention)
- A2459 Kbx (Interweave, Net)
- A2807 Xbs (Weave, Wreath)
- A2809 Ybs (Weave, Plait, Anguish)
- A2812 Tbs (Cease)
- A2834 Bks (Lay, Bed, Copulation)
Jeff Benner, Ancient Hebrew Research Center Used by permission of the author.
Qal685 Perfect 3 masculine singular שָׁב Genesis 18:33 +, 3 feminine singular שָׁ֫בָה Ruth 1:15 +, וְשָׁבַת consecutive Ezekiel 46:17 (Ges§ 72 o, but Co Toy Krae וְשֶׁבָה), 2 masculine singular שַׁבְתָּ Psalm 85:2, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יָשׁוּב Hosea 11:5 + often, יָשֻׁב Psalm 146:4; Lamentations 3:3, jussive יָשֹׁב Judges 7:3 +, וַיָּ֫שָׁב Genesis 26:18 +; 3 feminine plural תָּשֹׁבְןָ Ezekiel 16:55 (twice in verse), תְּשֻׁבֶינָה Ezekiel 16:55, etc.; Imperative masculine singular שׁוּב Genesis 31:3 +, שֻׁב Exodus 4:19; 1 Kings 18:43, שׁוּ֫בָה Hosea 14:2 +, feminine plural שֹׁבְנָה Ruth 1:8,11,12, etc.; Infinitive absolute שׁוֺב Genesis 8:3 +, construct שׁוּב Exodus 4:21 +, שֹׁב Joshua 2:16 (Ges§ 72 q), etc.; Participle שָׁב Genesis 43:18 +, feminine singular שָׁבָ֫ה Ruth 1:22 +, etc.; passive construct שׁוּבֵי Micah 2:8; — turn back, return:
1 turn back, with מִן local Judges 3:19; Judges 8:13, compare Judges 7:3, with מֵאַחֲרֵי person, i.e. from following 2 Samuel 11:15; 1 Kings 19:21; Ruth 1:16, from pursuing 2 Samuel 2:26,30; 1 Kings 22:33 2 Chronicles 18:32; with מִן of pursuit 1 Samuel 17:53; 1 Samuel 23:28, compare 2 Chronicles 11:4; with אַחֲרֵי person, i.e. so as to follow 1 Samuel 15:31; 2 Samuel 23:10; turn back in fear, מִן of thing Job 39:22 (of horse), מִמְּנֵי כֹל Proverbs 30:30 (of lion), so absolute (of foes) Psalm 6:11; Psalm 56:10; Psalm 70:4, in shame Lamentations 1:8; turn back and do so and so: Genesis 14:7; Exodus 14:2, compare Numbers 33:7 (עַל location, both P), Joshua 8:21 (E), Joshua 11:10 (J), 1 Chronicles 21:20, followed by infinitive 2 Chronicles 20:27; absolute turn back (face about) Song of Solomon 7:1 (4t. in verse) (+ verb); = be repulsed, defeated Psalm 9:4; Psalm 74:21; figurative turn back, namely, from a promise or a vow Judges 11:35; with מִן of service Numbers 8:25 (P), i.e. be exempt.
2 return, come or go back, with מֵעַל person 1 Samuel 17:15 (opposed to הלד), 2 Samuel 10:14; 2 Kings 18:14, מִן person Joshua 10:31 (+ בְּשָׁלוֺם), מִן local, especially from foreign land 2 Kings 8:3; 2 Chronicles 10:2; Ruth 1:6,22; Ruth 2:6; Ruth 4:3; Jeremiah 31:16; Jeremiah 40:12; Jeremiah 43:5; Jeremiah 44:28; Ezra 6:21; Nehemiah 8:17, מֵהַכּוֺת Genesis 14:17 (J E ?), 1 Samuel 17:57; 1 Samuel 18:6; 2 Samuel 1:1; 2 Samuel 8:13, מֵאַחֲרֵי i.e. from pursuing 1 Samuel 24:2 (Gi v. 1 Samuel 23:1); figurative, מִנִּי חשֶׁךְ׳לֹא שׁ Job 15:22 (see חשֶׁךְ 3 a); עִבְרוּ זָשׁוּבוּ מִשַּׁעַר לָשַׁעַר Exodus 32:27 (J), i.e. go back and forth from gate to gate, compare (absolute) participle as substantive עֹבֵר וָשָׁב Zechariah 7:14; Zechariah 9:8 and (= all persons) Ezekiel 35:7; also וַיֵּצֵא יָצוֺא וָשׁוֺב Genesis 8:7 (J), רָצוֺא וָשׁוֺב Ezekiel 1:14 (strike out Hi Co Toy and others; yet see Krae); Genesis 8:3 (J) see הלד 4 c (4).
3 especially return unto:
a. go back, אֶל person Numbers 23:5,16 (JE), 2 Kings 1:6 ("" הָלַךְ, as often), Exodus 5:22 (J; ׳אֶליֿ), Exodus 32:31 (E; id), Numbers 17:15 (P), 2 Samuel 20:22 (+ accusative of location), Jeremiah 46:16 (both + אֶל location), + 17t.; אֶל location also Genesis 21:32; Genesis 28:21 (both E), 2 Samuel 11:4; Hosea 5:15 (of ׳י), 2 Chronicles 19:1 (+ בְּשָׁלוֺם, + ל person), Esther 2:14 (opposed to בּוֺא), Esther 7:8 (+ מִן local), + 27t.; of a dog עַלקֵֿאוֺ׳שׁ Proverbs 26:11; ל location Genesis 18:33 (J), 1 Samuel 26:25; 1 Samuel 29:4; 1 Kings 19:15 (+ ה- locative), Genesis 33:16 (J; לְדַרְכּוֺ, + id.), Psalm 7:8 (of ׳י), + 25t.; ל person Ruth 1:10 (לְעַמֵךְ); ה#NAME? Genesis 44:13 (J), Exodus 4:20,21 (R), Exodus 13:17 (E), + 5t.; שָׁם (= שָׁ֫מָּה) Jeremiah 22:27; accusative of location also Hosea 8:13; Hosea 9:3; 1 Samuel 18:2; 2 Samuel 3:27; 2 Samuel 15:27 (+ בְּשָׁלוֺם), 2 Kings 2:25 (+ מִן local), + 15t.; accusative דֶּרֶךָ Ezekiel 46:9; accusative of person Numbers 10:36; אַחֲרֵי person Ruth 1:15; absolute 2 Samuel 3:16; 2 Samuel 19:16 (+ בּוֺא), 1 Kings 18:43; Jeremiah 40:5 (< strike out ᵐ5 Gie Du), Ezekiel 7:13 b (strike out ᵐ5 Co Krae and others) +; followed by verb, go back and do so and Song of Solomon , Genesis 43:2; 1 Samuel 1:19; 1 Samuel 29:7 (שׁוּב וְלֵךְבְּשָׁלוֺם), 1 Kings 13:22; 2 Chronicles 18:16 (+ בְּשָׁלוֺם) +, ( Jeremiah 42:10 read יָשׁוֺב Vrss and modern); followed by infinitive purpose Judges 14:8; 2 Samuel 6:20 10t.
b. come back, אֶל person Genesis 8:9 (J; + אֶל location), Exodus 24:14 (J), 1 Samuel 23:23 + 2 Samuel 17:3 (ᵐ5 Ew Th We Dr HPS Bu), 1 Kings 12:15 (opposed to הָלַךְ) + 9t. + (in hostility) Judges 20:48; אֶל location also Zechariah 8:3 (subject ׳י); Joshua 22:32 (P) has מֵאֵת person + מִן local + אֶל location + אֶל person; אֶל of thing Ezekiel 7:13; עַל person Nehemiah 4:6; Micah 5:2 (be reunited to); עַל location 1 Kings 17:21,22; ל location Joshua 1:15 (R), Zechariah 1:16 (subject ׳י), 2 Chronicles 30:9 + (from exile) 5t.; ל animal., Job 39:4; ה#NAME? Genesis 15:16 (E), Genesis 50:14 (J); accusative of location 2 Chronicles 19:8; שָׁם Jeremiah 20:11 (opposed to יָצָא), שָׁ֫מָּה Jeremiah 20:27, הֵ֫נָּה Jeremiah 31:8; absolute Genesis 43:10 (J), 2 Samuel 10:5; 2 Kings 1:5; Isaiah 21:12 ("" אָתָה), Job 39:12 (Kt, so Bu Du; of wild ox), + often; + בְּשָׁלוֺם Judges 8:9; 1 Kings 22:28 (שׁוֺב תָּשׁוּב) = 2 Chronicles 18:27,26; + verb, come back and do so and Song of Solomon , Deuteronomy 1:45; Deuteronomy 30:8; Jeremiah 37:8; 1 Kings 19:7; 1 Kings 20:5; 2 Kings 9:36; Psalm 60:2 (title), compare Zechariah 4:1; Daniel 11:10, לָשֶׁבֶת׳שׁ Numbers 35:32 (P), לָלֶכֶת׳שׁ Ecclesiastes 5:14.
4. a. of dying, אֶלֿ(הֶ)עָפָר׳שׁ Genesis 3:19 (twice in verse) (J), Psalm 104:29; Ecclesiastes 3:20, עַלעָֿפָר Job 34:15; לְאַדְמָתוֺ׳שׁ Psalm 146:4, compare אָשׁוּב שָׁ֫מָּה (i.e. בֶּטֶן אִמּוֺ) Job 1:21 (see Di Bu, also Ecclesiastes 5:14); לִשְׁא֑וֺלָה׳שׁ Psalm 9:18; so probably absolute Psalm 90:3 (> come back to life); of (human) dust, עַלהָֿאָרֶץ׳שׁ Ecclesiastes 12:7; breath, אֶלהָֿאֱלֹהַים׳שׁ Ecclesiastes 12:7.
b. of revival from death, לְבֵיתוֺ׳שׁ Job 7:10, absolute Job 10:21 (opposed to הָלַךְ), Job 16:22 ( id.), Proverbs 2:19; also with אֶל person 2 Samuel 12:13.
5 figurative of human relations:
a. return to leader, king, אֶל person, Judges 11:8; 1 Kings 12:27 (twice in verse); to divorced wife Jeremiah 3:1 (opposed to הלד).
b. = change so as to approach (in purpose, desire), אֶלֿ person Jeremiah 15:9 (twice in verse).
c. turn, i.e. resort to, ל person Psalm 119:79.
d. return to a physical condition Job 33:25 (ל of thing); to a state or course of life, ל of thing Isaiah 23:17; Ezekiel 16:55 (3t. in verse); Nehemiah 9:17; Psalm 85:9 עַל of thing Jeremiah 11:10, הֲלוֺם Psalm 73:10 (but corrupt); ב Jeremiah 8:6 (Du reads שָׁט for שָׁב).
e. absolute = change course of action; from good to bad, וַיָּשָׁבוַיִּמְרָראבּוֺ 2 Kings 24:1; Jeremiah 34:11,16; bad to good Jeremiah 34:15; so ׳שׁ alone Job 6:29 (twice in verse) (probably; read וְשׁוּבוּ, so Di Da Bu and others; other interpretations De Du and others).
f. passive participle = averse, שׁוּבֵי מִלְחָמָה Micah 2:8 (> We Now שְׁבִי spoil of war).
6 figurative, specifically of spiritual relations:
a. turn back from God, = apostatize, ׳מֵאַחֲרֵי י Numbers 14:43 (J), 1 Samuel 15:11; 1 Kings 9:6 (שׁוֺב תְּשֻׁב֫וּן), Jeremiah 3:19; Numbers 32:15; Joshua 22:16,18,23,29 (all P); absolute (usually + verb) Judges 2:19; Judges 8:33; Joshua 23:12 (R D), Jeremiah 8:4; Psalm 78:41; 2 Chronicles 7:19.
b. of ׳י, turn away, מֵאַחֲרֵי person Deuteronomy 23:15.
c. turn back to God (= seek penitently), ׳אֶליֿ Hosea 6:1; Hosea 7:10; Hosea 14:3; Jeremiah 3:7; 1 Kings 8:33,48 (בְּכָלֿלֵבָב), + 18t.; אֶלאֱֿלֹהִים Hosea 5:4; Psalm 51:15, compare Isaiah 10:21; ׳עַליֿ 2 Chronicles 15:4; 30:9; ׳עַדיֿ Amos 4:6,8,9,10,11; Hosea 14:2; Isaiah 9:12 5t.; עַדשַֿׁדַּי Job 22:23; ׳לי Isaiah 31:6, נַפְשִׁי׳שׁ לִמְנוּחָ֑יְכְי Psalm 116:7; compare לַבַּעַל Hosea 7:16 (for לֹא עָל, Now, compare Marti); לְתוֺכַחְתִּי Proverbs 1:23 (probably strike out, see Toy).
d. absolute repent, Hosea 3:15; Hosea 11:5; Isaiah 6:10; Isaiah 10:22; Jeremiah 3:7,12,14,22; Jeremiah 4:1; Jeremiah 5:3 14t., + participle as substantive Isaiah 1:27.
e. turn back from evil, with מִן (especially Jeremiah , Ezekiel) 1 Kings 8:35; 1 Kings 13:33; Jeremiah 15:7; Jeremiah 18:8 8t. Jeremiah; Ezekiel 3:19; Ezekiel 13:22 12t. Ezekiel ,+ 9t.; compare שָׁבֵי פֶשַׁע Isaiah 59:20; שׁוּבוּ וְהָשִׁיבוּ מִן Ezekiel 18:30, so with מֵעַל Ezekiel 14:6; from good, with מִן, Ezekiel 3:20; Ezekiel 18:24,26; Ezekiel 33:18.
f. of ׳י, מֵחֲרוֺן אַמּוֺ׳שׁ Exodus 32:12 (JE), Deuteronomy 13:18; Joshua 7:26 (J), 2 Kings 23:26; Jonah 3:9; ׳מִמֶּנּוּ אַףיֿ׳שׁ Hosea 14:5; Jeremiah 2:35; Jeremiah 4:8; Numbers 25:4 (P), 2 Chronicles 12:12; 29:10; 30:8, so (man's anger) Genesis 27:45 (J) and (absolute) Genesis 27:44 (E); absolute of ׳אַףיֿ Isaiah 5:25; Isaiah 9:11; Isaiah 9:16; Isaiah 9:20; Isaiah 10:4; Isaiah 12:1; Jeremiah 23:20 (opposed to יָצָא Jeremiah 23:19), Jeremiah 30:24; Job 14:13; Daniel 9:16.
g. of ׳י, return (to shew favour), אֶל person Genesis 18:10 (+ infinitive absolute), Genesis 18:14; Zechariah 1:3; Malachi 3:7; 2 Chronicles 30:6, absolute Isaiah 63:17; Psalm 80:15 ("" הִבִּיט, מָּקַד), Psalm 90:13, + verb Jeremiah 12:15; Psalm 6:5; Joel 2:14; Jonah 3:9; also in hostility, + verb Joshua 24:20 (E), with infinitive purpose Hosea 11:9.
h. of ׳י, turn back from (מִן) judgment Jeremiah 4:28, אֱמֶת Psalm 132:11; מֵאַחֲרֵי person, i.e. cease to bless, Jeremiah 32:40.
7 of inanimate things (sometimes personified, or treated as things of life):
a. as perceptibly moving, water Genesis 8:3 (J; מֵעַל location), Joshua 4:18 (J; ל location), Exodus 14:26 (P; עַל person), Exodus 14:28 (P; + verb), Psalm 104:9 (ל infinitive), sea Exodus 14:27 (J; לְאֵיתָנוֺ); wind Psalm 78:39 (opposed to הלד), Ecclesiastes 1:6 (עַל location); shadow 2 Kings 20:9,10 (+ אֲחֹרַנִּית), "" Isaiah 38:8 (sun on dial), of breath (= revive) Judges 15:19; 1 Samuel 30:12 (אֶל person); clouds Ecclesiastes 12:2 (מִן temporal); rain and snow Isaiah 55:10 (ה locative); rolling stone Proverbs 26:27; sword 2 Samuel 1:22 (מִן of thing), Ezekiel 21:10, arrow Jeremiah 50:9; of plague-spot = Revelation -appear, Leviticus 14:43 (P).
b. = be brought back, Genesis 43:18 (J), 1 Samuel 5:11 (ל location), hence be restored, ל person Ezekiel 46:17, so of kingdom 1 Kings 12:26, city 1 Samuel 7:14 ( Ezekiel 35:9 see ישׁב
4), field Leviticus 27:24 (P); of animal Deuteronomy 28:31.
c. = be turned into, ל of thing, Isaiah 29:17; = be turned back into, עַד thing, Micah 1:7.
d. return, figurative of word, (1) Isaiah 45:23, with אֶל person Isaiah 55:11 (both opposed to יָצָא); (2) Psalm 35:13 my prayer turned upon (עַל) my bosom (was uttered with bowed head, De Bae Du).
e. turn away, depart, of infamy Proverbs 25:10.
f. return (in recompense), of crime, evil, etc., with בְּראֹשׁ 1 Kings 2:33; Obadiah 15; Psalm 7:17, עַלרֿאֹשׁ Esther 9:25, ל person Psalm 54:7 (Kt; > Qr Hiph`il), Proverbs 12:14.
g. Psalm 94:15 judgement (-giving) shall return to (עַד) righteousness (be in accord therewith). h. of boundary, = change (sometimes reverse) direction (P), ה#NAME? Joshua 19:12 (+ מִן local), Joshua 19:34 (+ accusative of location), accusative of location also Joshua 19:27; Joshua 19:29 (+ עַד location), Joshua 19:29. i. be restored to healthy condition, of withered hand 1 Kings 13:6 (twice in verse) (אֶל person), leprous hand Exodus 4:7 (J; with כ compare), flesh 2 Kings 5:10 (ל person), 2 Kings 5:14; Leviticus 13:16 ("" נֶהְמַּךְ לְלָבָן). 8 denoting repetition, etc. (Ges§ 120 d g
9 transitive, peculiarly, in phrase ׳שׁשְׁבוּת restore captivity of, etc., approximately 21t. (see שְׁבוּת below שָׁבָה); צִיּוֺן׳י ׳שׁ Isaiah 52:8, ׳שׁ with suffix person Psalm 85:5; elsewhere only ׳אֶתגְּֿאוֺן יַעֲקֹב וגו׳וְשָׁב י Nahum 2:3, compare Hiph`il 6.
Po`el 1. bring back, Perfect 1 singular וְשֹׁבַבְתִּ֫י, with accusative of person + אֶל location Jeremiah 50:19 (׳י subject), Infinitive construct suffix בְּשׁוֺבְבִי, with מִן local Ezekiel 39:27 and (figurative) לְשׁוֺבֵב, with אֶל person Isaiah 49:5; Imperfect 2 masculine singular תְּשׁוֺבֵב לָנוּ Psalm 60:3 = take us back into power.
2. a. figurative restore, refresh, 3 masculine singular נַפְשִׁי יְשׁוֺבֵב Psalm 23:3 (׳י subject); compare Hiph`il 2b. b. restore, repair, Participle מְשׁוֺבֵבנְתִיבוֺח לָשָׁ֑בֶת Isaiah 58:12.
3 lead away (enticingly), Perfect 1 singular suffix (of Gog), ׳י subject, וְשׁוֺבַבְתִּיךָ Ezekiel 38:4 (strike out Co), ׳וְשׁ Ezekiel 39:2; so figurative 3 feminine singular suffix וְדַעְתֵךְהִיא שׁוֺבְבָ֑תֶךְ Isaiah 47:10 (of Babylonian ); — Jeremiah 50:6 see
Qal. 4. shew turning = apostatize (compare Hiph`il 8), Perfect 3 feminine singular שׁוֺבְבָה Jeremiah 8:5 (read שׁוֺבֵב, and strike out ירושׁלם, with ᵐ5). — See also שׁוֺבֵב infra.
Pu`lal Participle feminine מְשׁוֺבֶ֫בֶת Ezekiel 38:8 a land restored + מִן of thing. — See also שׁוֺבָב infra.
Hiph`il353 Perfect 3 masculine singular Genesis 41:13 +; suffix וַהֲשִׁיבְֱ Genesis 40:13, וֶהֱשִׁיבְךָ Deuteronomy 28:68; 2 masculine singular הֱשִׁיבוֺתָ Psalm 85:4, וַהֲשֵׁבֹתָ֫ Deuteronomy 4:39; Deuteronomy 30:1, suffix וַהֲשֵׁיבוֺתָם 2 Chronicles 6:25; 1 singular consecutive וַהֲשִׁיב֫וֺתִי Amos 1:8, וַהֲשִׁבֹתִ֫י Numbers 22:8 +, suffix וְהוֺשְׁבוֺתִים Zechariah 10:6 (but read וַהֲשִׁבוֺתִים, see ישׁב
Hiph`il), etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יָשִׁיב Exodus 21:34 +, (read יָשִׁב Daniel 11:18,19 > Qr Daniel 11:18 יָשֵׂם), וַיָּ֫שֶׁב Genesis 20:14 +; suffix יְשִׁבֵנִי 2 Samuel 15:8 +, וַיְשִׁיבֵם 2 Chronicles 19:4 + 1 Samuel 12:8 Vrss We Dr and others; 3 feminine plural תָּשֵׁבְנָה Job 20:10, etc.; Imperative
שׁוּב inf. absol. שׁוֹב fut. יָשׁוּב, apoc. and convers. יָשֹׁב, וַיָּשָׁב.
(1) to turn about, to return (Syr. and Chald. ܬܘܽܒ, תּוּב id. Arab. تاب; metaph. to be converted, as a sinner.) Constr. absol. Judges 14:8, 19:7 2 Samuel 6:20 followed by מִן out of (or from) any place, Ruth 1:22 followed by מֵאַחֲרֵי from a person (whom one has followed or pursued, Ruth 1:15; 2 Samuel 2:23, 30 2 Samuel 2:30); followed by אֶל to any one, Genesis 8:12, 22:19 37:30 or to a place, Genesis 37:29 although לְ is more frequently used of place, Genesis 18:33, 32:1 33:16 Numbers 24:25 also followed by an acc. of place, either with ־ָה Genesis 50:14; Exodus 4:20 or simply, Isaiah 52:8 בְּשׁוּב יְיָ צִיּוֹן “when Jehovah shall return to Zion” (others take it “when Jehovah brings back Zion”), עֹבֵר וָשָׁב passing on and returning, i.e. passing hither and thither, Ezekiel 35:7; Zechariah 7:14, 9:8.
Followed by another verb, to return add do, or to return to do (any thing) is the same as to do again. The latter verb is then put
(a) in a finite tense with ו prefixed, 2 Kings 1:11, 13 2 Kings 1:13וַיָּשָׁב וַיִּשְׁלַח “and he sent again,” 2 Kings 20:5; Genesis 26:18. Different from this is the usage in Hosea 2:11 אָשׁוּב וְלָקַחְתִּי “I will return and take away,” (I will take away again what I had given).
(b) without the copula, Genesis 30:31 אָשׁוּבָה אֶרְעֶה “I will feed again.”
(c) followed by a gerund, Job 7:7.
Figuratively used
(a) to turn oneself to any person or thing, e.g. to Jehovah, followed by אֶל and לְ 1 Kings 8:33; Psalms 22:28 followed by עַל 2 Chronicles 30:9 עַד Isaiah 19:22; Joel 2:12; Amos 4:6 followed by בְּ Hosea 12:7 Absol. to turn oneself, Jeremiah 3:12, 14:22 2 Chronicles 6:24; Isaiah 1:27 שָׁבֶיהָ “her (Zion’s) returned citizens,” שְׁאָר יָשׁוּב a remnant shall return, Isaiah 10:21.
(b) followed by מִן to cease from, to leave off any thing, as to turn from an evil way, 1 Kings 13:33; Zechariah 1:4 from sin, evil, Ezekiel 3:19, 14:6 33:14 Job 36:10 from anger, Exodus 32:12 from justice, Ezekiel 18:24.
(c) followed by מֵעַל and מֵאֲחַרֵי to turn oneself away from any one, especially from Jehovah, Joshua 22:16, 23 Joshua 22:23, 29 Joshua 22:29; 1 Samuel 15:11 (simply Joshua 23:12); מֵעַל הַגִּלּוּלִים from the worship of idols, Ezekiel 14:6.
(d) to return into the possession of any thing, i.e. to recover it, followed by אֶל Ezekiel 7:13; Leviticus 25:10 לְ Isaiah 23:17.
(e) generally to turn oneself any where, where one was not before, Psalms 73:10.
(2) It is often applied to inanimate things, and would be rendered in Latin
(a) reddi [to return, be restored] (to a former owner); followed by לְ Leviticus 27:24; Deuteronomy 28:31; 1 Samuel 7:14; 1 Kings 12:26.
(b) restitui, instaurari [to be restored, renewed], Hosea 14:8 of cities, Ezekiel 35:9 קרי; 1 Samuel 7:14 compare Ezekiel 16:55 of an ailing limb, 1 Kings 13:6; 2 Kings 5:10, 14 2 Kings 5:14; Exodus 4:7, and
(c) in a bad sense. שׁוּב אֶל עָפָר to be again turned into earth, Genesis 3:19; Ecclesiastes 3:20, compare Isaiah 29:17.
(d) irritum fieri [to become void], (used of a command, a prophecy, opp. to בּוֹא). Isaiah 45:23, 55:11 Ezekiel 7:13.
(e) Anger is said to return when it is appeased, Genesis 27:44; Isaiah 5:25 followed by מִן when it is turned away from any one, Genesis 27:45; 2 Chronicles 12:12.
(3) causat. i.q. Hiphil
(a) to bring back, to restore, Numbers 10:36; Psalms 85:5 especially in the phrase, שׁוּב שְׁבוּת to bring back captives, see שְׁבוּת.
(b) to restore, renew, Nahum 2:3. Sometimes in שׁוּב כתיב is taken causatively, where the Masorites have needlessly substituted Hiphil, Job 39:12; Psalms 54:7; Proverbs 12:14; Jeremiah 33:26, 49:39 Joel 4:1.
Pilel שׁוֹבֵב causat. of Kal, in various senses.
(1) to bring back, Jeremiah 50:19 metaph. to convert to God, Isaiah 49:5. See Kal No. 1, a.
(2) to restore, Isaiah 58:12 followed by לְ Psalms 60:3 with נֶפֶשׁ to refresh, Psalms 23:3 comp. הֵשִׁיב.
(3) to turn away, Micah 2:4 metaph. any one (from Jehovah), Isaiah 47:10.
Pulal שׁוֹבַב, part. מְשׁוֹבֶבֶת brought back, i.e. rescued, delivered (from the power of enemies), Ezekiel 38:8.
Hiphil הֵשִׁיב, fut. יָשִׁיב, apoc. יָשֵׁב, convers. וַיָּשֶׁב
(1) to cause to return; hence to bring back, as captives, Jeremiah 32:44, 33:11 49:6, 39 Jeremiah 49:39 to withdraw (the hand), Psalms 74:11; Lamentations 2:3 also, to repulse. Isaiah 28:6, מְשִׁיבֵי מִלְחָמָה “who repel the wars,” i.e. enemies. Isaiah 36:9, 14:27, מִי יְשִׁיבֶנּוּ “who shall repulse (i.e. hinder) him?” Job 9:12, 11:10 23:13 Isaiah 43:13. Specially
(a) הֵשִׁיב פְּנֵי פ׳ to repulse the face of any one, i.e. to deny him access, to refuse his petition (opp. to נָשָׂא פָּנִים), 1 Kings 2:16, 17:20 2 Chronicles 6:42.
(b) הֵשִׁיב נֶפֶשׁ to bring back any one’s life, i.e. to refresh him, Ruth 4:15; Lamentations 1:11, 16, 19 since the life of a wearied person has as it were vanished, while that of a person refreshed is restored, 1 Samuel 30:12 [Kal]; Judges 15:19 [Kal]. Trop. Psalms 19:8. But הֵשִׁיב רוּחוֹ is to draw the breath, Job 9:18.
(c) אַף, הֵשִׁיב חֵמָה to bring back, i.e. to appease anger, Job 9:13; Psalms 78:38, 106:23 (followed by מִן from any one, Proverbs 24:18). הֵשִׁיב חֲמַת יְהֹוָה מִן to repel the anger of Jehovah, i.e. to turn it away from any one, Numbers 25:11; Ezra 10:14. But Isaiah 66:15, is used of anger which is appeased because it is altogether poured out.
(2) to restore anything to any one (see Kal No. 2, a); followed by an acc. of anything, and dat. of pers. Exodus 22:25; Deuteronomy 22:2 as anything purloined, Lev. 5:23 Numbers 5:7. Hence
(a) to reward, to recompense, Proverbs 17:13 followed by a dat. of pers. Psalms 18:21, 116:12 עַל of pers. Psalms 94:23 followed by an acc. of thing and dat. of pers. Genesis 50:15.
(b) הֵשִׁיב דָּבָר to return word, to answer; followed by an accus. of person (like עָנָה), 1 Kings 12:6, 1 Kings 12:9, 16 1 Kings 12:16 also, to bring back word, as a messenger (Antwort zurückbringen), Numbers 22:8, 13:26 2 Samuel 24:13. In the sense of answering there is also said, ה׳ אֲמָרִים Proverbs 22:21 ה׳ מִלִּין Job 35:4 simply הֵשִׁיב Job 33:5, 20:2, שְׂעִפַּי יְשִׁיבוּנִי “my thoughts answer me,” i.e. they suggest what I shall answer.
(3) to restore, to renew, Psalms 80:4, Psalms 80:8, 20 Ps8 0:20 Isaiah 1:26; Daniel 9:25. Compare Kal No. 2, b.
(4) to revoke, to make void, as an edict, Esther 8:5, a decree, Amos 1:3, “because of the many transgressions of Damascus לֹא אֲשִׁיבֶנּוּ I will not revoke the things (which I have decreed)” (compare verse,, and Numbers 23:20); a blessing, Numbers 23:20.
(5) to return is sometimes used in the same sense as, to bring again and again, to render, as tribute, 2 Kings 3:4, 17:3 2 Chronicles 27:5; Psalms 72:10 a sacrifice, Numbers 18:9. So in Lat. sacra referre, Virg. Georg. i. 339; Æn. v. 598, 603.
(6) followed by מִן and מֵעַל to cause to return is, i.q. to avert, to turn away from any thing, e.g. ה׳ פָּנָיו מֵעַל גִּלּוּלִים to turn his face from idols, Ezekiel 14:6 and without פָּנִים ibid., and Ezekiel 18:30, 32 Ezekiel 18:32.
(7) followed by אֶל, עַל to turn to, towards any one, as
(a) הֵשִׁיב יָדוֹ עַל to turn one’s hand against any one, Isaiah 1:25; Amos 1:8; Psalms 81:15 followed by בְּ id.; 2 Samuel 8:3.
(b) הֵשִׁיב פָּנָיו לְ to turn one’s face to any one, Daniel 11:18, 19 Daniel 11:19.
(c) הֵשִׁיב אֶל־לֵב to recall (any thing) to mind, Deuteronomy 4:39, 30:1 עַל לֵב Isaiah 46:8 hence to repent, 1 Kings 8:47.
Hophal, הוּשַׁב
(1) to be brought back, Exodus 10:8.
(2) to be restored, Genesis 42:28, 43:12 Numbers 5:8.
Derivatives, שׁוֹבָב, שׁוֹבֵב, שׁוּבָה, שִׁיבָה, מְשׁוּבָה, תְּשׁוּבָה, and pr.n. יָשׁוּב, יָשָֽׁבְעָם, יוּשַׁב חֶסֶד, מְשׁוֹבָב.